基于電力線載波技術(shù)的醫(yī)療病房呼叫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　中文3100字</b></p><p><b>　　外文資料原文</b></p><p>　　Design Of Medical Ward Call System Based On Power Line Carrier Technology</p><p>　　I. INTRODUCTI

2、ON</p><p>　　The medical ward call system is a kind of call tools when the patient needs access to care or diagnosis, patient's request can be quickly transmitted to doctors or nurses on duty. It is one o

3、f the necessary equipment to improve the level of hospital care. Currently, there are many medical ward call systems with different types and different function on the market, they are divided into two categories: the ca

4、ble-type and wireless-type[1]. Traditional cable-type medical ward call systems tend to u</p><p>　　With the development of communication technology, people have done a lot of research work for power line car

5、rie communication technology. Power line carrier communications technology refers to a means of communication which uses power lines to transfer data and media signal. It loads high-frequency contains information on cu

6、rrent, then use current transmission,then use the adapter which receives information to separate high-frequency from the current, and transferred to a computer or telephone</p><p>　　In this study, the power

7、line carrier communication technology has been applied to ward call system. The entire system requires only a two-core shielded cable, through the power cord that the host provides to each extension realize two-way data

8、 communication.With low cost, simple installation, extensive transmission lines, etc, the hospital ward has a good application prospect in practice.</p><p>　　II. SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLE&

9、lt;/p><p>　　The call system mainly consists of the host, extensions and power line carrier circuits, the host is installed on the ward nurse duty room, extensions were installed in the ward, a host can control

10、multiple extensions，一220V civil power lines is as a transmission channel, in order to achieve two- way communication between the host and the extension. The structure of system is shown in Fig. 1.</p><p>　　T

11、he system uses a centralized power supply, supplies work power to ward extension through the two-core cable by the communicating hosts. The signal of the host to each extension through the power line carrier circuit, aft

12、er一220 V commercial power line transmission, achieves the half- duplex data communication between the host and the extension. A communication packet consists of 8 bytes of data, the first and second byte to i

13、s the host ID, the third byte to is the command，the fourth </p><p>　　III. DESIGN OF SYSTEM HARDWARE</p><p>　　Selection of the main circuit chip</p><p>　　The power line carrier com

14、munication refers to the process of using a dedicated modem chips for data modulation and being loaded into the power line frequency of 50Hz to send out, and then receiving, demodulating, restoring data.</p&

15、gt;<p>　　Here,we choose power line modulation chip PL2102 designed By XiaoCheng star company. PL2102 is a half- duplex asynchronous modem chip designed for power line carrier communication network[3], supplied by

16、single 5V power,connected to an external microprocessor through a standard I²C interface, coupled to the power line with an external interface circuit. In addition to having basic communication control functi

17、on, PL2102 also build in five kinds of commonly used functional circuits: d</p><p>　　AT89C52 is a low voltage, high-performance CMOS 8- bit MCU produced by the U.S. ATMEL corporation. It contains 8KB F

18、lash read-only program memory can be repeatedly erased and 256B random access data memory (RAM). The chip is produced by high-density, nonvolatile memory technology of ATMEL corporation, it is compatible with standard M

19、CS-51 instruction set and 8052 Product pin. AT89C52 has 40 pins, 32 external bi-directional input/ output (I /O) ports and includes two external interrupt ports, th</p><p>　　B. Design of the power line carr

20、ier circuit</p><p>　　The power line carrier circuit mainly includes a power line coupling circuit, the signal receiving circuit and signal transmitting circuit, it sends and receives the power line carrier s

21、ignal. Schematic is shown in Fig. 2.</p><p>　　The coupled circuit that is transformer-coupled coil TZ in Fig. 2, is the output and input channel for the carrier signal， and play the role of isolation frequen

22、cy 220V/50Hz[5].</p><p>　　Signal receiving circuit: The coupling coil couples the carrier signal received form the power line to both ends at D1, Clamped by D1, the starting level of the signal is at a fixed

23、 value, and to prevent excessive inrush current. C2, C3 and L2 constitute a parallel resonant circuit whose resonant frequency is 120 kHz. The 120 kHz signal in the input weak signal is selected frequency and amplified i

24、n order to improve the sensitivity of the received signal. It is sent to the SIGin port of chip PL2</p><p>　　C.Design of the extension circuit</p><p>　　The extension includes MCU AT89C52, power

25、 line modulation chip PL2102 and some peripheral circuits. Schematic is shown in Fig. 3. Eight request button switches are connected to the port PO of the MCU AT89C52, when a button is pressed, the input state of the p

26、ort PO corresponding to this button is 0. When the MCU confirms that the host calls its address, it will scan 8-bit I /O port status of port P0, once a key is pressed, the request information corresponding to this button

27、 will immediately </p><p>　　P1.0 and RESET port of the MCU AT89C52 connect the backup power and power-down protection circuit in order to ensure that the system can work properly when power failure occurs. I

28、f the system has detected "an imminent loss of power" signal, the signal through an external interrupt INTO requests interrupt to the host. The host responses to an interrupt and sends the relevant data into th

29、e RAM to store, then write "0" into P1.0, the low level on P1.0 pin triggers 555 timer,the 555 timer output pul</p><p>　　sends and receives data, the 9th pin is data synchronization port. Sending a

30、nd receiving data flow are as follows: When in sending status, the R/T port (7 pin) is set low by MCU,</p><p>　　PL2102 chip sends the synchronous head signal (9 pin), the MCU sends data by RXDes TXD port (8

31、pin) sync. When in receiving status, the R/T port (7 pin) is set high by MCU, the synchronization signal is generated if the PL2102 chip receives data, data is simultaneously transmitted to the MCU by RXDes TXD port (8

32、 pin) sync. The AT89C52 INTO can synthesize corresponding instruction information according to predefined format after it generates an interrupt and receives data [8].</p><p><b>　　外文資料譯文</b></

33、p><p>　　基于電力線載波技術(shù)的醫(yī)療病房呼叫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　I. 引言</b></p><p>　　內(nèi)科病房呼叫系統(tǒng)是這樣的一種工具，當(dāng)病人需要醫(yī)療或診斷時(shí)，病人的請求可以被很快地傳送到醫(yī)生或護(hù)士值班。它是提高醫(yī)院的護(hù)理水平的必備設(shè)備之一。目前，有許多醫(yī)療病房呼叫系統(tǒng)與市場上的不同類型和不同的功能，它們分為兩類：電纜型

34、和無線型[ 1 ]。傳統(tǒng)的電纜類型的病房呼叫系統(tǒng)傾向于使用集中式呼叫系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)，電源線，數(shù)據(jù)通信線路，通信線路傳輸語音分離，與鋪設(shè)更多的，成本高，安裝困難，實(shí)時(shí)性差，故障率高和其他故障。無線電醫(yī)療病房呼叫系統(tǒng)不打線，但其可靠性差，和無線電波會干擾其他醫(yī)療儀器設(shè)備，大多數(shù)的醫(yī)院不使用這樣的無線呼叫系統(tǒng)。</p><p>　　隨著通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們對電力線通信技術(shù)，卡麗做了大量的研究工作。電力線載波通信技術(shù)是指

35、利用電力線數(shù)據(jù)通信和媒體信號傳輸?shù)囊环N手段。它包含的信息負(fù)載高頻電流，然后用電流傳輸，然后用它接收的信息分開高頻從當(dāng)前的適配器，并傳送到計(jì)算機(jī)或電話，以實(shí)現(xiàn)信息傳輸。電力供應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是世界上最流行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，低壓電力線連接到千家萬戶，它可以用于數(shù)據(jù)通信和信息無需鋪設(shè)專用通信線路占用的無線信道資源傳輸[ 2 ]。因此，它已成為可能，利用低壓電力線作為傳輸介質(zhì)，利用擴(kuò)頻，數(shù)字編碼，單片機(jī)控制技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)病房呼叫。</p><p>

36、;　　在這項(xiàng)研究中，電力線載波通信技術(shù)已經(jīng)應(yīng)用到病房呼叫系統(tǒng)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)只需要一二芯屏蔽電纜，通過電源線，主機(jī)提供每個(gè)擴(kuò)展實(shí)現(xiàn)雙向數(shù)據(jù)通信。成本低，安裝簡單，廣泛的傳輸線，等，醫(yī)院的病房在實(shí)踐中具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。</p><p>　　II. 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理</p><p>　　呼叫系統(tǒng)主要由主機(jī)，分機(jī)及電源線載波電路，主機(jī)安裝在病房的護(hù)士值班室，擴(kuò)展被安裝在病房，宿主可以控制多個(gè)擴(kuò)展名

37、，一220V民用電源線作為傳輸信道，以實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)主機(jī)和分機(jī)之間溝通方式。系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。</p><p>　　本系統(tǒng)采用集中供電，供應(yīng)工作電源向延伸通過兩芯電纜的通信主機(jī)。主機(jī)通過電力線載波電路，每個(gè)擴(kuò)展信號一220 V商業(yè)電力線傳輸后，實(shí)現(xiàn)了半雙工數(shù)據(jù)通信的主機(jī)和分機(jī)之間。通信數(shù)據(jù)包由8字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)，第一和第二個(gè)字節(jié)是主機(jī)號，第三字節(jié)的命令，第四和第五字節(jié)的擴(kuò)展地址，第六到第八字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)。主機(jī)發(fā)送命令數(shù)據(jù)廣播，延

38、伸分析數(shù)據(jù)接收通信包后，確定是否擴(kuò)展地址地址，只有確認(rèn)后發(fā)出報(bào)警信息延伸到主機(jī)。該系統(tǒng)采用主從式結(jié)構(gòu)，主機(jī)的聲音和光報(bào)警時(shí)，醫(yī)院的床位已經(jīng)呼叫請求，并顯示發(fā)生呼叫的分機(jī)號碼，床上顯示。當(dāng)擴(kuò)展需要調(diào)用請求，按請求按鈕，相應(yīng)的請求消息發(fā)送給主機(jī)，叫到辦公室，當(dāng)主機(jī)返回正確的信息，呼叫指示燈。</p><p>　　III. 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　主電路芯片的選擇&l

39、t;/b></p><p>　　電力線載波通信是指利用專用調(diào)制解調(diào)器芯片數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)制和被加載到50Hz電源線頻率的發(fā)送過程，然后接收，解調(diào)，恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)。</p><p>　　在這里，我們選擇的電力線調(diào)制芯片PL2102的小明星公司設(shè)計(jì)。智能家電是半雙工異步調(diào)制解調(diào)器芯片設(shè)計(jì)了電力線載波通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)[ 3 ]，采用單5V電源供電，通過一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的我²C接口連接到一個(gè)外部微處理器，連接到一

40、個(gè)外部接口電路的電源線。除了具有基本的通信控制功能，智能家電還建立了五種常用的功能電路：數(shù)字頻率校正實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘電路，32字節(jié)的SRAM，電壓監(jiān)控，看門狗定時(shí)器復(fù)位電路。其中，實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘和32字節(jié)的SRAM，可以繼續(xù)通過3 V的備用電池在主電源損耗下工作?？撮T狗定時(shí)器來防止硬件或軟件錯(cuò)誤的應(yīng)用程序，通過產(chǎn)生一個(gè)復(fù)位信號，以確保成功復(fù)位。作為PL2102采用直接序列擴(kuò)頻，數(shù)字信號處理，直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術(shù)等先進(jìn)技術(shù)，并采用大規(guī)模數(shù)字/模擬混合0

41、.35 μm CMOS工藝。具有抗干擾一優(yōu)越的性能和抗衰落性能與國內(nèi)外同類產(chǎn)品的性價(jià)比，等等。</p><p>　　AT89C52單片機(jī)是一個(gè)低電壓,高性能CMOS美國ATMEL公司生產(chǎn)的8位單片機(jī)。它包含8 kb Flash可以反復(fù)擦除只讀程序內(nèi)存和256 b隨機(jī)存取內(nèi)存(RAM)的數(shù)據(jù)。芯片是由高密度非易失性內(nèi)存ATMEL公司的技術(shù),它是兼容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通過mcs—51匯編語言指令集和8052產(chǎn)品銷。AT89C52

42、40針,32外部雙向輸入/輸出(I / O)端口,包括兩個(gè)外部中斷端口、三個(gè)16位可編程定時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器,兩個(gè)全雙工串行通信端口,兩個(gè)寫端口線。它使通用微處理器和閃存。特別是,可以反復(fù)擦除閃存可以有效降低開發(fā)成本[4]。基于上述因素,主機(jī)和擴(kuò)展AT89C52單片機(jī)控制芯片選擇,能夠充分滿足各種需求的系統(tǒng)。</p><p>　　B.電力線載波電路的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　電力線載波電路主要包括電

43、力線耦合電路，信號接收電路、信號發(fā)射電路，它的發(fā)送和接收的電力線載波信號。原理圖如圖2所示。</p><p>　　耦合電路，變壓器耦合線圈TZ在圖2中，對載波信號的輸出和輸入通道，起到隔離頻率220V/50Hz [ 5 ]的作用。</p><p>　　信號接收電路：載波信號接收形式的電力線的兩端在D1耦合線圈的夫婦，夾在D1，信號的起點(diǎn)是在一個(gè)固定的值，并防止過大的浪涌電流。C2，C3和L

44、2組成并聯(lián)諧振電路的諧振頻率為120千赫。在輸入信號的120千赫信號選頻放大以提高接收信號的靈敏度。這是發(fā)送到芯片PL2102瑟恩端口，接收由PL2102載波信號解調(diào)的數(shù)據(jù)比特的信息處理后內(nèi)部，數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)信息的接收數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送端，對主機(jī)與分機(jī)控制芯片輸出的同時(shí)，頭同步輸出低電平。信號發(fā)射電路：包括功率放大器，其濾波整形電路和復(fù)合管互補(bǔ)對稱功率放大電路組成的V1，V2，V3，V4。它將通過PL2102的PSK輸出端口輸出的載波調(diào)制信號的功率。它是

45、整數(shù)的過濾的C1、L1后添加到耦合線圈，并通過耦合線圈的輸入電源線。輸出PL2102載波調(diào)制信號經(jīng)功率放大器放大電路，濾除信號的噪聲和假信號。電容，電感L1（18uh / 200mA）的積分濾波電路用于調(diào)整發(fā)射電流波形，降低C1和增加L1會降低發(fā)射電流和波形的改善。相反，它會增加發(fā)射電流和波形失真。當(dāng)線圈負(fù)載量是一個(gè)固定值，調(diào)整C1、L1會影響傳輸功率和線圈的功率。同時(shí)，發(fā)射電壓VHH影響發(fā)射功率的大小，發(fā)射后電壓下</p>

46、<p><b>　　C.擴(kuò)展電路的設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　擴(kuò)展包括單片機(jī)AT89C52,電力線調(diào)制芯片PL2102和一些外圍電路。原理圖3所示。八個(gè)請求按鈕開關(guān)連接到端口單片機(jī)AT89C52的阿寶,當(dāng)一個(gè)按鈕被按下時(shí),對應(yīng)的輸入端口的狀態(tài)阿寶這個(gè)按鈕是0。當(dāng)單片機(jī)確認(rèn)主機(jī)調(diào)用它的地址,它將掃描8位I / O端口狀態(tài)的端口P0,一旦一個(gè)鍵被按下,請求信息對應(yīng)于這個(gè)按鈕將

47、立即發(fā)送到主機(jī),并等待主人來確認(rèn)。正確的信息返回時(shí),主機(jī)通過P2驅(qū)動相應(yīng)的LED指示器顯示端口,表明已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送的請求信號。八請求編號按鈕開關(guān),每個(gè)開關(guān)都代表一種信息的請求,可由用戶定義的[7]。</p><p>　　P1.0 AT89C52單片機(jī)和單片機(jī)復(fù)位端口連接備用電源和斷電保護(hù)電路以確保電源故障發(fā)生時(shí)系統(tǒng)可以正常工作。如果系統(tǒng)發(fā)現(xiàn)“即將失去力量”信號,信號通過一個(gè)外部中斷請求中斷到主機(jī)。主機(jī)響應(yīng)中斷和相關(guān)

48、數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到RAM存儲,然后“0”寫入P1.0,低水平在555年P(guān)1.0銷觸發(fā)計(jì)時(shí)器,555定時(shí)器的輸出脈沖取決于R、C和VCC。如果定時(shí)器555定時(shí)器,VCC仍正常,這表明“即將失去力量”信號是錯(cuò)誤的報(bào)警信號,555輸出脈沖被添加到復(fù)位,復(fù)位后主機(jī)re-operation。如果555定時(shí)器計(jì)時(shí)結(jié)束,VCC真的很低,555定時(shí)器輸出高水平P1.0引發(fā)的低水平,并添加為備用電源復(fù)位直到VCC已經(jīng)恢復(fù)正常,然后保持積極的脈沖寬度時(shí)間由R、C