洗衣機(jī)外文翻譯

1、<p>　　Washing machines</p><p>　　The washing machine from invention to now bas experienced more than a century, through the following stages of development:</p><p>　　The world’s first washin

2、g machine is the United States in 1874 by Bill Blackstone successfully developed. Around 1910, a first horizontal shaft drum type electric washing machine, marking the housework automatic start. Nineteen twenties, the fi

3、rst vertical shaft stirring type washing machine to the United States of America trial-produce is successful, the washing machine, started the “vertical” and “horizontal” cent. The mid 50's, Japan’s Sanyo Company lau

4、nched Dan Tongbo wheel type washing mach</p><p>　　The washing machine will be of high reliability，perfect function, water saving and power saving, time saving and noise reduction of specifications varieties

5、diversification for the direction of development.</p><p>　　The reason why a washing machine like this can wash and get the water out of the clothes at the same time is because it has a double layer drum. Whe

6、n washing and rinsing, the pulsator spins and makes the water swirl... To get the water out of the clothes, the inner wall of the drum spins and the water goes through the holes.</p><p>　　These days, the “ce

7、ntrifugal force washing machines” are quite popular. This type of machine does not use a pulsator. Instead, the inner wall spins really quickly. When the drum spins, the dirty clothes get stuck to the wall. The water and

8、 detergent also try to escape through the holes of the wall but before they do so, they are forced to escape through the clothes. When this happens, the power of the water and detergent removes the dirt form the clothes.

9、 Another good thing about this type of ma</p><p>　　Next, let’s look at some different types of washing machines!</p><p>　　Many of you probably think that the water inside washing machines goes r

10、ound and round. Actually, different washing machines make water flow in different ways.</p><p>　　Whirlpool type:</p><p>　　This type of washing machine uses a pulsator to force the water to move

11、like a whirlpool inside the Drum. The spinning water forces the dirt out form the clothes inside the machine. Some of the newer models of this type also make the whirlpool move up and down to make it clean clothes even b

12、etter!</p><p>　　Agitator stirring type:</p><p>　　This type of washing machine has something that looks like a propeller at the bottom of the tub. This Propeller spins around and stirs the water.

13、 The water then forces the dirt out from the clothes in the machine. The good thing about this type of machine is that clothes do not get tangled up and clothes get evenly washed.</p><p>　　Drum type:</p&g

14、t;<p>　　This type of machine has a drum with many holes in it. There are also protrusions bumps on the wall of the drum. As the drum turns, the clothes are picked up by the protrusions. When the clothes fall down

15、from the top of the drum through the water, the movement removes dirt from the clothes.</p><p>　　Centrifugal force type:</p><p>　　As we have said before, the spinning drum pushes the water and d

16、etergent out through the wall of the inner drum. The power that comes from spinning the drum is called centrifugal force, which is where the name comes from. The water is forced through the clothes and then the holes i

17、n the inner wall. After one cycle, the water is recycled back into the tank and the process starts again. This cycle is what cleans the clothes!</p><p>　　In Japan, people first started using machines in 1930

18、. But then the price of a washing machine was so high that most average persons could not buy one for their homes. </p><p>　　Looking back now, there was something strange and funny on some of the first versi

19、ons of the washing machine .The machine had two rollers that were used to sandwich each shirt and other clothes to squeeze the water out of them. The rollers were turned by hand, and in fact, you needed a lot of strength

20、 to turn those things! Still, people then thought it was a really neat invention! This type of water squeezer was used for almost 30 years until something new came along. The spin drier that used “c</p><p>　

21、　In 1953, the nozzle type washing machine was first sold in Japan. This washing machine is like the older brother of the swirling washing machine that you see today. The price of these washing machines was lower and beca

22、use of this, more people bought them. The first fully automatic washing machine was introduced in 1968, and after that, washing clothes became a lot easier to do! </p><p>　　There are a lot of different types

23、 of washing machines. What kind of washing machine do you have in your house?</p><p>　　Fully automatic:</p><p>　　The fully automatic machine has two drum layers that wash, rinse and remove water

24、 from clothes together. All you have to do is add detergent and put in dirty clothes and then washing machine will do the rest. There is also a new type of fully automatic washing machine that can dry clothes after they

25、have been washed.</p><p><b>　　Twin tub:</b></p><p>　　This washing machine has one part that dose the washing and another part that does the squeezing. Even though it’s a hassle to ta

26、ke the clothes out and move them to other tub, the good thing is that you can wash and squeeze at the same time with one machine.</p><p>　　Front loading: </p><p>　　The main feature of front load

27、ers is that they use a lot less water than other types. This is the type of Washing machine that dry cleaners use but a lot of people in western countries have this type of washing machine in their homes too.</p>

28、<p>　　Let’s try to make the best washing machine in the world!</p><p>　　We should already thank the scientists that invented the fully automatic washing machine because it makes washing clothes a piece

29、of cake.</p><p>　　Scientists are still trying really hard to find ways to make washing machines a lot handier to use for everyone. Some of the things that they are trying to do are to find better ways of mak

30、ing clothes clean and ways to make washing machines last longer. There are washing machines with drying function today so you don’t even have to hang clothes after words because it dries them automatically! Amazing!</

31、p><p>　　Scientists are also trying to find ways to use less water and less detergent in washing machines at present. This is because that it is better to use less water for preserving the environment.</p>

32、<p>　　What are washing machines of the future going to be like? Maybe there will be a washing machine that dries and folds your clothes after washing them, or maybe there will be one that will wash your clothes wh

33、ile you are still wearing them! How handy would that be! Remember, if the first washing machine was like a dream to people in the old days, all the dreams you have about washing machines of the future may come true!</

34、p><p>　　Now, washing machine is becoming more and more popular. We see the main classification.</p><p>　　Washing machine can be divided into automatic type and semi-automatic type two kinds, automa

35、tic type washing machine as long as we begin our work proactively set better washing procedure, washing machine began to work until the end without manual intervention. And semi-automatic washing machine washing and dewa

36、tering process is divided, is also called the double barrel washing machine, a tong, one takes off a bucket, and put tong inside washing out to artificial add to take off in the barrel deh</p><p>　　Full-auto

37、matic washing machine press catharsis means to points, can be divided into bunt washer and roll barrel type two kinds of washing machine, From the electric control ways to points, can be divided into mechanical program-

38、controlled type and computer board controls type washing machine two kinds.</p><p>　　The cylinder and the pulsator washing machine are now the main two kinds.</p><p>　　Pulsator washing machine w

39、orking principle is to add clothing, then open the inlet valve, choose good bibcock of water level and correct working procedures, switch on the power, closed warehouse door, and safety switch closed at water level, the

40、public internal switch contacts are and dehydration contacts are interlinked, inlet valve electrify water, when the barrel water reaches the specified height, in air pressure under the action of water level switch inside

41、 public contacts disconnect dehydr</p><p>　　Roller-type washing machine of the principle and Pulsator washing machine are basic similar. But 110mm drum machine it no clutch variable speed, but its motor is d

42、ouble-speed motor, so when washing machine work in washing state, program-controlled device connected motor washing low-speed windings, motor speed slow, working on dehydration, when they connect dehydration modal high-s

43、peed windings, motor high-speed operation, this process is programmed through the device and motor to work together t</p><p>　　To sum up, the role of these two kinds of washing machine is same, but different

44、 implementation, each has his strong point, Pulsator washing machine is simulated handmade kneaded action to work, 110mm drum type washing machine is by gravity inertial function to finish our work, they realize washing

45、and dewatering way also have different features, Pulsator washing machine to wear clothes is relatively large, but detergents degree is higher, 110mm drum machine for clothing wear small, but detergen</p><p>

46、;　　So far, washing machine is still towards a higher requirements development. The world today is technology, knowledge explosion time, as long as the people have the need, it may produce some kind of product to meet the

47、 needs of the people. The development of washing machine is such, people found it some inconvenience in practice, will continue to improve and perfect it, new washing machine is born in this kind of situation.</p>

48、<p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p><b>　　洗衣機(jī)</b></p><p>　　洗衣機(jī)從發(fā)明到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)多世紀(jì)，經(jīng)歷了以下的發(fā)展階段：</p><p>　　世界上第一臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)是于1874年由美國的比爾·布萊克斯通集團(tuán)研制成功的。在1910年左右，第一臺(tái)臥軸滾筒式電動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)，

49、這標(biāo)志著人類家務(wù)勞動(dòng)自動(dòng)化的開始。20世紀(jì)20年代，第一立軸攪拌式洗衣機(jī)在美國試制成功，由此，洗衣機(jī)便有了“縱向”和“橫向”之分。50年代中期，日本的三洋公司推出單桶波輪式洗衣機(jī)。洗衣機(jī)開始確定了滾筒式、攪拌式和波輪式三種工作方式。60年代，日本推出了帶甩干桶半自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)，以及大量的塑料應(yīng)用程序，使洗衣機(jī)的發(fā)展步入了一個(gè)新的階段。70年代，日本推出了波輪式套桶全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)，從此開始有了“全自動(dòng)”洗衣機(jī)的概念。70年代后期，日本推出了微電

50、腦控制全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)。完成了由機(jī)械和電氣程序控制到計(jì)算機(jī)控制的過渡，便開始了電腦控制時(shí)代。然后，洗衣機(jī)在發(fā)達(dá)國家已進(jìn)入飽和期，而在亞太地區(qū)發(fā)展中國家也開始進(jìn)入了普及期。80年代后期，“模糊控制洗衣機(jī)”開始出現(xiàn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)家電器在控制方式上的高自動(dòng)化。也出現(xiàn)了“白色家電”的概念。在90年代，隨著變頻技術(shù)的發(fā)展，日本率先推出了由電機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)的洗衣機(jī)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了洗衣機(jī)在驅(qū)動(dòng)方式上革命性變化。</p><p>　　今后洗衣機(jī)將以

51、高可靠性，功能完善，節(jié)水省電，省時(shí)降噪以及規(guī)格品種多樣化為發(fā)展方向。</p><p>　　洗衣機(jī)既能洗滌又能脫水的原因在于它具有一個(gè)雙層水槽，在進(jìn)行洗滌和漂洗時(shí)，波輪旋轉(zhuǎn)，使水成漩渦狀。在脫水時(shí)，只有內(nèi)槽快速旋轉(zhuǎn)，從而將衣服中的水從孔甩出。</p><p>　　最近漸漸流行的“離心式洗衣機(jī)”并不是振動(dòng)機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)，相反，而是加速內(nèi)槽的旋轉(zhuǎn)。當(dāng)內(nèi)槽旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，該作用力使衣服貼近內(nèi)層。由于水和洗條劑會(huì)從

52、內(nèi)槽的空洞向外甩出，因此能快速從衣服中穿透，用這種沖擊力去除衣服的污垢。關(guān)于這種類型的機(jī)器的另一個(gè)好處是由于在水中衣物不會(huì)纏繞，因此不必?fù)?dān)心衣物扭曲，變形或壞掉。</p><p>　　接下來，讓我們看看一些不同類型的洗衣機(jī)！</p><p>　　很多人可能認(rèn)為，洗衣機(jī)內(nèi)的水不就是來來回回地流動(dòng)嘛。實(shí)際上，不同類型的洗衣機(jī)是以不同的方式使水流動(dòng)。</p><p>&l

53、t;b>　　渦流式：</b></p><p>　　這種類型洗衣機(jī)利用振動(dòng)機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生渦流，從而去除衣物上的污垢。有的新型洗衣機(jī)能使渦流上下反復(fù)旋轉(zhuǎn)，從而使污垢更容易去除！</p><p><b>　　攪拌式：</b></p><p>　　這種類型洗衣機(jī)在桶的底部有一個(gè)看起來像螺旋槳的帶有葉片的軸，它會(huì)反復(fù)地反方向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，從而將水

54、攪動(dòng)起來，然后水的作用力將衣物中的污垢去除。它具有使衣服不易纏繞，并能均勻清洗的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。</p><p><b>　　滾筒式：</b></p><p>　　這種類型洗衣機(jī)在開有許多小孔的圓筒中，有突出的板子。外圍的滾筒旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，板子將衣物抬起，下落時(shí)的沖力將污垢去除。</p><p><b>　　離心力式：</b></p

55、><p>　　就像我們前邊所說的那樣，旋轉(zhuǎn)的內(nèi)槽將水和洗滌劑從內(nèi)槽壁推出。從內(nèi)槽 向外甩出的力叫做“離心力”，這也是“離心力”這個(gè)名字的來源。這種洗衣機(jī)由于是內(nèi)槽旋轉(zhuǎn) ，因此水會(huì)從內(nèi)槽猛地向外部噴射，然后又會(huì)回到內(nèi)槽中，不斷地循環(huán)往復(fù)。正是這種循環(huán)清潔了衣物！</p><p>　　1930年，在日本，人們第一次開始使用洗衣機(jī)。不過，由于當(dāng)時(shí)的售價(jià)還很高，并沒有普及到一般家庭。</p>

56、;<p>　　現(xiàn)在回想起來，在第一代洗衣機(jī)中，安裝了一些奇怪而有趣的部件。機(jī)器有兩根滾軸，夾住衣物，把水?dāng)D出來。由于采用的是手動(dòng)旋轉(zhuǎn)把手后滾軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的構(gòu)造，所以需要相當(dāng)大的力氣，不過在當(dāng)時(shí)它還是非常便利，此后，這種滾軸式脫水機(jī)大約被使用了長達(dá)30年之久，一直到離心式脫水機(jī)出現(xiàn)為止。</p><p>　　1953年，渦流式洗衣機(jī)的原形分流式洗衣機(jī)在日本上市銷售。這種洗衣機(jī)就像現(xiàn)在所見的渦流式洗衣機(jī)的哥哥

57、。由于這些洗衣機(jī)的價(jià)格低廉，使用洗衣機(jī)的家庭漸漸多起來。1968年，第一臺(tái)全自動(dòng)式洗衣機(jī)登場，在這之后，洗衣服就變得容易多了。</p><p>　　洗衣機(jī)有許多種類。你們家里用的洗衣機(jī)屬于哪一種類型呢？</p><p><b>　　全自動(dòng)：</b></p><p>　　全自動(dòng)式洗衣機(jī)通過雙層的水槽接連進(jìn)行洗滌，漂洗，脫水。你需要做的就只是放入臟

58、衣服和添加洗滌劑，之后洗衣機(jī)會(huì)自動(dòng)進(jìn)行余下的工作。還有一種可以烘干衣物的新型全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)。</p><p><b>　　雙缸式：</b></p><p>　　這種洗衣機(jī)將洗滌的部分與脫水的部分分離。雖然脫水時(shí)需要將衣物取出更換地方，但卻具有洗滌與脫水能同時(shí)進(jìn)行的好處。</p><p><b>　　滾筒式：</b></

59、p><p>　　滾筒式洗衣機(jī)的主要特點(diǎn)是比其他類型用水量較少，干洗店使用的多是這種類型的。而且許多歐洲家庭中也使用這種類型的洗衣機(jī)。</p><p>　　讓我們嘗試制造出世界上最好的洗衣機(jī)！</p><p>　　我們應(yīng)該很感謝科學(xué)家發(fā)明了全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)，因?yàn)樗沟孟匆路兂闪艘患菀椎氖隆?lt;/p><p>　　科學(xué)家仍在努力尋找方法使洗衣機(jī)的使用對(duì)

60、每個(gè)人更加便利。另外，一些科學(xué)家們還正在努力，尋找更好的洗滌衣物的方法和制造更耐用，壽命更長的洗衣機(jī)?，F(xiàn)在洗衣機(jī)具有烘干功能，所以你甚至洗后不必進(jìn)行掛曬，因?yàn)樗梢宰詣?dòng)烘干衣物！這簡直太神奇了！</p><p>　　目前科學(xué)家正在想辦法，減少洗衣時(shí)的用水量和洗滌劑量。其原因是我們必須珍惜水資源，保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。</p><p>　　你認(rèn)為未來的洗衣機(jī)將會(huì)變成什么樣子呢？如果能有可以洗滌，烘

61、干，折疊衣物或是能在人穿著衣服時(shí)進(jìn)行洗滌的洗衣機(jī)的話，該有多方便??！記住，如果第一臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)對(duì)舊時(shí)代的人們是一個(gè)夢(mèng)想的話，那么對(duì)未來洗衣機(jī)的種種設(shè)想 就很可能最終會(huì)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。</p><p>　　現(xiàn)在，洗衣機(jī)變得越來越受歡迎。我們看看主要分類。</p><p>　　洗衣機(jī)可分為全自動(dòng)型、半自動(dòng)式兩種，全自動(dòng)型洗衣機(jī)只要我們開始工作積極定好洗滌程序，洗衣機(jī)開始工作，直無須人工干預(yù)，便可以把工作

62、進(jìn)行到底。半自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)是將洗滌和脫水的過程分開的，也被稱為雙桶洗衣機(jī)。一個(gè)脫桶內(nèi)，把洗好的衣服晾曬出去，同人工加起步脫水處理而完整桶洗衣過程。全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)在其結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部桶起飛套裝、兩桶軸，同時(shí)在離合器的配合下，洗滌完畢和脫水狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)鍵在于是否是自動(dòng)的。</p><p>　　全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)按洗滌方式，可分為系統(tǒng)墊圈和滾桶式兩種洗滌機(jī)械，按電氣控制，可分為機(jī)械程控類型和電腦主板控制類型洗衣機(jī)兩種。</p>

63、<p>　　滾筒和波輪式洗衣機(jī)是目前兩種主要類型的洗衣機(jī)。</p><p>　　波輪式洗衣機(jī)的工作原理是放入衣物后，打開進(jìn)水閥門，選擇好正確的水位及工作程序，接通電源，閉合艙門，門安全開關(guān)閉合，此時(shí)水位開關(guān)內(nèi)部的公共觸點(diǎn)是和脫水觸點(diǎn)相通，進(jìn)水閥通電進(jìn)水，當(dāng)桶內(nèi)水位到達(dá)指定高度時(shí)，在氣壓的作用下水位開關(guān)內(nèi)部公共觸點(diǎn)斷開脫水觸點(diǎn)而接通洗滌觸點(diǎn)，進(jìn)水閥斷電停止進(jìn)水，電動(dòng)機(jī)電源被接通，電動(dòng)機(jī)開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，周期性

64、的時(shí)而正轉(zhuǎn)、時(shí)而反轉(zhuǎn)，相互交替，通過離合器帶動(dòng)波輪用同樣的周期正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)，以一定速度旋轉(zhuǎn)的波輪會(huì)帶動(dòng)桶內(nèi)的水及衣物形成旋轉(zhuǎn)水流，衣物在水流中相互磨擦而達(dá)到洗衣的目的。當(dāng)洗滌過程完成后，排水電磁閥通電工作，排水閥門被打開，桶內(nèi)的水向外排出，同時(shí)聯(lián)動(dòng)桿也把離合器從洗滌狀態(tài)切換到脫水狀態(tài)，當(dāng)排水完成后，桶內(nèi)大氣壓力下降，水位開關(guān)的公共觸點(diǎn)復(fù)位接通脫水觸點(diǎn)，排水電磁閥繼續(xù)保持通電狀態(tài)，電動(dòng)機(jī)通電運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)帶動(dòng)脫水桶高速旋轉(zhuǎn)而甩干衣物，洗衣程序結(jié)束后洗

65、衣機(jī)斷開水電而停機(jī)。至于中間的過程要洗多少次，洗衣時(shí)間的長短，由程序控制。</p><p>　　滾筒式洗衣機(jī)的原理與被輪式洗衣機(jī)基本相似。但是滾桶洗衣機(jī)它沒有離合器變速，但是它的電機(jī)是雙速電機(jī)，所以當(dāng)洗衣機(jī)工作于洗滌態(tài)時(shí)，程控器接通電機(jī)的洗滌低速繞組，電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速慢，工作于脫水態(tài)時(shí)，則接通脫水高速繞組，電機(jī)高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，這個(gè)過程是通過程控器和電機(jī)的共同作用來完成。</p><p>　　綜上所述，

66、這兩類洗衣機(jī)的作用是一樣的，但是實(shí)現(xiàn)的方式不同，各有千秋，波輪式洗衣機(jī)是模擬手工的搓揉動(dòng)作來工作，滾桶式洗衣機(jī)是通過重力慣性作用來完成工作的，它們實(shí)現(xiàn)洗滌及脫水的方式也各有特點(diǎn)，波輪式洗衣機(jī)對(duì)衣物的磨損比較大，但洗潔度比較高，滾桶洗衣機(jī)對(duì)衣物磨損小，但洗潔度比較低，但是比波輪式洗衣機(jī)節(jié)省水。</p><p>　　截至目前，洗衣機(jī)正在朝著更高要求發(fā)展。當(dāng)今世界是技術(shù)、知識(shí)大爆炸的年代，只要人們有需要，就有可能生產(chǎn)出