[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]交通燈外文翻譯--基于模糊邏輯的智能交通燈模擬器設(shè)計(jì)及硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)（英文）

1、Fuzzy logic based smart traffic light simulator design and hardware implementationCihan Karakuzu a,*, Osman Demirci ba Kocaeli University, Engineering Faculty, Electronics using traffic flow simulation software or hardw

2、are simulators for generating traffic data. The second one is chosen for this study. The most common traffic junction is the four directional one that can be seen in Fig. 1. One of the directions is considered as the mai

3、n artery which has heavier traffic load than the other directions. In our simulator system east–west direction is selected as the main artery. North–south direction is the secondary artery which has a slightly lighter tr

4、affic flow. In our hardware simulator, two microcontrollers are used for each of the four directional traffic flows. One of them is used to generate vehicles with pre-described properties and the other is used to simulat

5、e vehicles for purposes of either moving ahead or waiting on the lane. Additional two microcontrollers are used for fuzzy logic/conventional control of red and green traffic lights. In our implementation, a total of ten

6、microcontrollers are used for the purposes described above. The hardware implemented fuzzy logic controller has four input variables as the queue lengths of each direction Nq, Sq, Wq and Eq. The output of the fuzzy logic

7、 controller is the duration of red/green lights (tr, ty). Separate fuzzy logic controllers are used for red and green lights. The outputs of the controller are determined in a fuzzy sense by using the input variables. Fu

8、zzy logic controller design process is started with the determination of fuzzy sets for input variables that are queue lengths in conjunction. Traffic junction queue lengths have limited values such as 200 m. It is diffi

9、cult to precisely determine the length of the queue in real applications since the number ofdetectors that can be placed at each lane is limited. Detectors can be placed in 20 or 50 m intervals at each lane depending on

10、the requirements of the application. In this work detectors of the hardware simulator are placed at the 40th, 85th, 120th, 160th and 190th m in east and west direction lanes which have a length of 200 m according to the

11、software of the related lane vehicle simulators. In the same way, detectors are placed at the 30th, 50th and 90th m of the north and south direction lane. In this system, the lengths of the queues are determined via the

12、software using these detectors. The locations of detectors are shown in detail in Fig. 1. The circuit, the schematic of which is given in Fig. 3, is the common hardware for generating and simulating vehicles on the lane

13、in each direction. In this vehicle simulator circuit, the microcontroller on the left is used for generation of vehicles, time and type of vehicle such as car, minibus, bus or lorry which have lengths 5, 7, 9 and 13 m re

14、spectively. The lengths include the gaps between the vehicles. The vehicle generator generates vehicles according to a plan described below. If the queue is not completely full, the microcontroller on the right side prod

15、uces a trigger signal to the micro controller on the left side informing that it can generate a vehicle. If the micro controller on the left side generates a vehicle, then the microcontroller on the right side releases t

16、he vehicle to the lane. This process goes on continuously in a similar manner. The vehicle generation program sends vehicles one by one into the lane according to a pre-described plan. The types of vehicles and time inte

17、rvals between them have been designed in three different types depending on the time of day and have been adapted to the statistical properties of the period of day. Three different traffic densities are evaluated in thi

18、s study: morning, noon and evening. Vehicle patterns in each direction of traffic flow are generated independently. For instance, vehicle generation pattern in the west direction in the morning is completely different th

19、an that of the north direction in the evening. In Table 1, sample vehicle generation pattern in the east direction for evening traffic flow is shown. Vehicle generation program continuously generates 30 vehicles accordin

20、g to a predetermined order for each generation cycle. The vehicle generation sequence is the same for conventional and fuzzy logic based traffic light controller. That is, sequences of the vehicle are exactly the same fo

21、r both types of controllers in order to be able to compare the results. In this way the results of control techniques can be compared with each other. Related works in the literature have been investigated and it was obs