[雙語翻譯]園林專業(yè)外文翻譯—利用外來植物支持城市土著生物多樣性對景觀建筑的經(jīng)驗教訓（原文）

1、Full Terms Towns McGlone, 1989). Destruction of indigenous land cover and extinctions or population pressures of native species continued, with different causes and results, from the late 1700s when the first Europe

2、ans arrived in New Zealand. Before human arrival, 85–90% of New Zealand was forest (McWethy et al. McWethy et al., 2010). By 1800, forest cover had been reduced to approximately 70% of the land (Ewers et al., 2006). By

3、the 1850s when European settlement was becoming widespread, more than 40% of pre-human forest cover (from approximately 3000 years before now) had been removed due to the combined impacts of both Polynesian (mostly in

4、 the period 650 to 850 years ago) and European people (from the mid-1800s until now) and to a lesser and more controversial extent the impact of some non-human causes, such as climatic changes, major natural fire event

5、s and major volcanic eruptions (McWethy et al. 2010; McGlone, 1983, 1989). Between 1847 and 1909 Europeans destroyed over 60% of the remaining forest (approximately 4.5 million hectares) (McGlone, 1983) and negative im

6、pacts on ecosystems due to erosion, nutrient transport and eutrophication were likely more severe than the earlier impacts of Māori forest burning (McWethy et al. 2010). Europeans were also responsible for the introduc

7、tion of significant numbers of exotic species of both flora and fauna, some of which (e.g. brushtail possums Trichosurus vulpecula, various rats Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus, domestic cats Felis catus, and mustelids

8、 Mustela erminea, M. furo and M. nivalis) have major ongoing negative impacts on native species (Duncan Wilson recovering, 6; relict, 20; naturally uncommon, 542 (Mark, 2010). New Zealand’s unique indigenous biodiver

9、sity is under pressure from exotic species already introduced to the country, and the situation may become more complicated in the coming decades because of increased predator pressure caused in part by the mast seedin

10、g phenomenon resulting from rising temperatures (McGlone McGlone Pierce, Gardiner, Moodie, Robertson, Ignatieva, Stewart, Meurk, Blaschke, Meurk Meurk Pedersen Zari, 2012, 2015; Spellerberg Stewart et al., 2009

11、; Swaffield, 2005). According to Clarkson, Wehi, and Brabyn (2007), only 1.96% of current urban New Zealand is the land cover type class ‘Indigenous Forest’ that is indicative of mature indigenous land cover. The loss