我國競技體育優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的形成與演進(jìn).pdf

1、我國競技體育優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的形成與演進(jìn)論文隨機(jī)驗(yàn)證編號：BT653321553381IV摘要摘要本研究以優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的概念界定、特點(diǎn)和歷史發(fā)展演進(jìn)為邏輯起點(diǎn)，在核心競爭力、動(dòng)態(tài)能力理論、現(xiàn)代化科學(xué)和復(fù)雜性科學(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ)上，對優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目形成與演進(jìn)的背景和成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行提煉，剖析優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目成功的內(nèi)在邏輯和思想基礎(chǔ)，重點(diǎn)對優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目形成與演進(jìn)的原理和動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)路徑進(jìn)行研究。得出結(jié)論：1)優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目是指在國際競技體育競爭中占據(jù)世界發(fā)展前沿并具有競爭優(yōu)勢的競技體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

2、項(xiàng)目群；優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目具有競技技術(shù)領(lǐng)先性、資源利用率先性、單項(xiàng)協(xié)會話語權(quán)、大賽不可或缺性、優(yōu)勢保持長期性以及優(yōu)勢要素不同步性的特點(diǎn)；2)我國優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的歷史演進(jìn)劃分為引進(jìn)醞釀階段（19491956）、停滯復(fù)蘇階段（19661978）、探索發(fā)展階段（19791999）、穩(wěn)定成熟階段（2001至今）。優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目依靠戰(zhàn)略推進(jìn)，政策投入獲得優(yōu)先發(fā)展，發(fā)展過程存在路徑依賴。3)我國的優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目是在“競技體育優(yōu)先發(fā)展”、“奧運(yùn)戰(zhàn)略”的戰(zhàn)略背景下、依靠舉國體制等

3、制度優(yōu)勢、立足國情的探索適合中國的發(fā)展模式、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的把握項(xiàng)目本質(zhì)特征和制勝規(guī)律、通過增強(qiáng)國際競爭力和影響力、加大科技投入，改變訓(xùn)練方式、注重國家隊(duì)引領(lǐng)和后備力量儲備以及優(yōu)秀文化傳承形成和發(fā)展起來的。4)優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展必須堅(jiān)持“后發(fā)優(yōu)勢”、堅(jiān)持“木桶原理”、堅(jiān)持“競爭優(yōu)勢”、堅(jiān)持“自主創(chuàng)新”。5)競爭優(yōu)勢要素的集成創(chuàng)新是支撐優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目形成和演進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部發(fā)展動(dòng)力。其路徑包括技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、戰(zhàn)略創(chuàng)新、資源配置創(chuàng)新、競爭機(jī)制創(chuàng)新、“人治法治善治”管

4、理方式的創(chuàng)新、“扁平化團(tuán)隊(duì)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)化”組織結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新、“品德知識能力業(yè)績”教練綜合評價(jià)的創(chuàng)新等。6）優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目將繼續(xù)承載著國家和民族的歷史責(zé)任，項(xiàng)目的優(yōu)勢來源于政策的的投入和優(yōu)勢要素的繼發(fā)、轉(zhuǎn)折和創(chuàng)新集合，其發(fā)展始終堅(jiān)持立足于國情和自主性創(chuàng)新，要充分認(rèn)識到優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的形成與發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)波浪式前進(jìn)；不均衡發(fā)展將長期存在，優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的成功沒有最佳模式只有合理的選擇?；谏鲜鼋Y(jié)論，本文建議如下：1）繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略，強(qiáng)化動(dòng)態(tài)管理能力，優(yōu)化資源配置，挖

5、掘優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目發(fā)展的規(guī)律，發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的先導(dǎo)和引領(lǐng)作用。2)借鑒優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目發(fā)展的成功我國競技體育優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目的形成與演進(jìn)論文隨機(jī)驗(yàn)證編號：BT653321553381VIABSTRACTThisresearchputstheconceptacteristicstheevolutionofthehisticaldevelopmentoftheadvantageprojectasthelogicalstartingpointwhichrefinesa

6、nalyzesthebackgroundexperienceofitsdevelopment.Basedonthetheyofcecompetencedynamiccapabilitytheymodernsciencecomplexitysciencethisarticleanalyzestheinternallogicideologicalfoundationofthesuccessoftheadvantageprojectfocus

7、ingonthewinningpathwinningpowerdrivenresearchindertobuildwinningtheadvantageprojectstheeticalsystem.ThusIcandrawthefollowingconclusions:（1）Theadvantageprojectistheprojectgroupofcompetitivesptswhichoccupysthefefrontofwldd

8、evelopmenthasacompetitiveadvantageintheinternationalcompetitivesptswinningoftheadvantageprojectistheprocessresultsofitsdevelopmentprocesstogainacompetitiveadvantage.Itacterizesintheprimacyofcompetitivetechnologytheleader

9、ofresourceutilizationdiscoursepowerofsingleassociationindispensabilityinthecontesttogetherwiththelongtermadvantagesadvantageelementsinasynchronism.（2）Thehisticalevolutionoftheadvantageprojectisdividedintobrewingfmationst

10、age(19491956)stagnationrecoveryphase(19661978)theexplatystage(19791999)thestabledevelopmentstage(2001present).Dependedontheallocationofresourcesearlyadvantageprojectgivespriitytothedevelopmentthepathdependenceofdevelopme

11、ntprocessdoesexist.（3）SummarizeouradvantagesoftheprojecttofmthecombofthehisticalevolutionoftheadvantagesoftheprojectistogivepriitytothedevelopmentofthestrategiccontextoftheOlympicstrategyupholdimprovetheinstitutionaladva