2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、<p>  我國包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)主流發(fā)展方向已經(jīng)明確</p><p>  我國的包裝機(jī)械產(chǎn)品由于品種少、技術(shù)水平低、產(chǎn)品可靠性差等原因,面臨著激烈的國際競爭。在這之前的發(fā)展道路上,國產(chǎn)包裝機(jī)械,由于價(jià)格低廉,確實(shí)深受歡迎。但隨著行業(yè)要求的提升,藥企對(duì)包裝機(jī)械的要求逐漸多樣化,價(jià)格已經(jīng)不能成為競爭優(yōu)勢。</p><p>  我國與國外現(xiàn)代的先進(jìn)的包裝機(jī)械的差距還很大,最主要是技術(shù)上的大

2、差距。技術(shù)開發(fā)的成本在設(shè)備總成本中所占的比例越大,設(shè)備的技術(shù)含量越高。國內(nèi)的包裝設(shè)備技術(shù)含量占整個(gè)設(shè)備的成本約為3%,有的甚至不足0.3%,當(dāng)然極少數(shù)項(xiàng)目也能達(dá)到20%以上,總體來看設(shè)備水平不高,設(shè)備使用材料受供應(yīng)的限制,在配套件上水平不高。</p><p>  據(jù)宇博智業(yè)市場研究中心了解,數(shù)字印刷包裝技術(shù)越來越受到市場的認(rèn)可,短版印刷品層出不窮,個(gè)性包裝印刷品已經(jīng)成為品牌商用來吸引客戶的有效工具之一。全球知名的

3、飲料企業(yè)可口可樂已經(jīng)將其投入實(shí)際應(yīng)用,通過為不同包裝瓶印刷個(gè)性化的標(biāo)簽擴(kuò)大了市場份額,很好地提高了企業(yè)品牌影響力,獲得了市場的高度認(rèn)可。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,可口可樂僅僅只是一個(gè)開始,現(xiàn)在市場上已經(jīng)有許多品牌商都開始為消費(fèi)者提供個(gè)性化包裝。譬如絕對(duì)伏特加,酒品標(biāo)簽選用400萬個(gè)獨(dú)特的個(gè)性化設(shè)計(jì),令其成為消費(fèi)者的摯愛。</p><p>  現(xiàn)在,技術(shù)創(chuàng)新在包裝行業(yè)已產(chǎn)生了巨大推動(dòng)力。盡管當(dāng)前包裝業(yè)正在竭力采用新技術(shù),但仍舊

4、會(huì)存在不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的事物。例如,在線商店售賣的商品包裝就很難區(qū)分,快遞員在發(fā)貨時(shí)總是很難辨別出包裹有何不同。如果品牌商能夠?qū)⑹鄢龅纳唐钒b與其他電商的包裝有所區(qū)分,那結(jié)果將會(huì)大不一樣。我們究竟應(yīng)該如何將這些創(chuàng)新技術(shù)應(yīng)用到具體的包裝之中懷舊感會(huì)一直存在,自然簡潔的設(shè)計(jì)、富含綠色環(huán)保理念的包裝總會(huì)贏得消費(fèi)者的肯定,強(qiáng)調(diào)功能性的包裝也會(huì)使消費(fèi)者獲得意外驚喜。</p><p>  我國進(jìn)入高速發(fā)展階段,包裝機(jī)械竭力打開歐美國

5、際市場。而要成功進(jìn)軍國際市場,一方面與中國包裝機(jī)械的技術(shù)水平有關(guān),另一方面也與美國包裝機(jī)械市場的形態(tài)有關(guān)。作為一個(gè)高度發(fā)達(dá)的自由化市場,美國包裝機(jī)械制造商兩極分化現(xiàn)象明顯。</p><p>  當(dāng)前,世界先進(jìn)包裝機(jī)械的發(fā)展已呈現(xiàn)出集機(jī)、電、氣、液、光、磁、生為一體的勢頭,生產(chǎn)的高效率化、產(chǎn)品節(jié)能可回收化、高新技術(shù)實(shí)用化、智能化已成趨勢,這也應(yīng)該是我國包裝機(jī)械業(yè)的主流發(fā)展方向。以檢測試備、打碼裝置為代表的小巧精致的

6、電子產(chǎn)品在美國發(fā)展得欣欣向榮;而以熱收縮包裝機(jī)、裹包機(jī)和封箱機(jī)為主的通用型包裝機(jī)械也占有相當(dāng)比重;以灌裝機(jī)、貼標(biāo)機(jī)、封蓋機(jī)為主的大型包裝機(jī)械生產(chǎn)線,美國基本上已經(jīng)不生產(chǎn),市場幾乎全部為進(jìn)口設(shè)備、特別是德、意廠家生產(chǎn)的設(shè)備所占領(lǐng)。</p><p>  中國包裝機(jī)械制造水平和工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)水平通過模仿、引進(jìn)技術(shù)和資金以及全球化采購等方式得以快速發(fā)展。今天中國的包裝機(jī)械制造企業(yè)很容易通過全球化采購獲得一些關(guān)鍵零部件,從而迅速

7、提高設(shè)備的技術(shù)水平和可靠性。</p><p>  在一些技術(shù)含量較低的產(chǎn)品上,目前中國生產(chǎn)的很多包裝機(jī)械,已經(jīng)可以滿足美國市場的要求,并最有可能在短期內(nèi)獲得突破性進(jìn)展。但在全自動(dòng)打包機(jī)、貼標(biāo)機(jī)、封箱機(jī)和機(jī)械手等設(shè)備上,中國制造的機(jī)械還無法同德、意、日產(chǎn)品競爭。</p><p>  通過技術(shù)的提升和優(yōu)化,實(shí)現(xiàn)高端包裝設(shè)備的國產(chǎn)化是指日可待的,而通過高新技術(shù)的不斷應(yīng)用和推動(dòng),武裝和強(qiáng)化行業(yè)的整

8、體水平,我國也將朝著世界包裝中心的方向不斷前進(jìn)。</p><p>  隨著自動(dòng)化程度的提高,包裝機(jī)的 操作、維護(hù)和日常保養(yǎng)更加方便簡單,降低了對(duì)操作人員的專業(yè)技能要求。產(chǎn)品包裝質(zhì)量的好壞,直接與溫度系統(tǒng)、主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速精度、追蹤系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性能等息息相 關(guān)。機(jī)器運(yùn)行后,薄膜標(biāo)記傳感器不斷的在檢測薄膜標(biāo)記(色標(biāo)),同時(shí)機(jī)械部分的追蹤微動(dòng)開關(guān)檢測機(jī)械的位置,上述兩種信號(hào)送至PLC,經(jīng)程序運(yùn)算后,由 PLC的輸出Y6(正追)、

9、Y12(反追)控制追蹤電機(jī)的正反追蹤,對(duì)包裝材料在生產(chǎn)過程中出現(xiàn)的誤差及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)同時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的給予補(bǔ)償和糾正,避免了包裝材料 的浪費(fèi)。檢測若在追蹤預(yù)定次數(shù)后仍不能達(dá)到技術(shù)要求,可自動(dòng)停機(jī)待檢,避免廢品的產(chǎn)生;由于采用了變頻調(diào)速,大幅減少了鏈條傳動(dòng),提高了機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的穩(wěn)定性 和可靠性,降低了機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的噪音。保證了該包裝機(jī)高效、低損耗、自動(dòng)檢測等多功能、全自動(dòng)的高技術(shù)水平。自動(dòng)包裝機(jī)所用傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)雖然應(yīng)用功能比較簡單,但對(duì)傳動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能有較高的要求,

10、系統(tǒng)要求較快的動(dòng)態(tài)跟隨性能和高穩(wěn)速精度。</p><p>  China's packaging machinery industry mainstream of development has been clearly</p><p>  China's packaging machinery products due to fewer varieties, low le

11、vel of technology, product reliability was poor, facing fierce international competition. Prior to this development on the road, domestic packaging machinery, due to low prices, really popular. But with the upgrade indus

12、try requirements, pharmaceutical packaging machinery requirements gradually diversify, the price has not become a competitive advantage.</p><p>  China and foreign contemporary art is still a big gap between

13、 the packaging machinery, the most important is technically a big gap. The cost of technology development in equipment proportion of the total cost, the higher-tech equipment. Domestic packaging equipment technology cont

14、ent accounted for about 3% of the total cost of equipment, some even less than 0.3%, of course, very few projects can reach more than 20%, overall equipment level is not high, the device uses a restricted supply of mate&

15、lt;/p><p>  According to Yu-Chi Industry Market Research Center for digital printing and packaging technology more and more recognized by the market, the short version of the print endless, personalized printed

16、 packaging brand has become one of the effective tools to attract business customers. The world's leading beverage company Coca-Cola has put it into practical application, by printing personalized labels for differen

17、t bottles to expand its market share, well improve the corporate brand influence, was </p><p>  Now, technological innovation in the packaging industry has had a tremendous impetus. Despite the current packa

18、ging industry is struggling to adopt new technologies, but still there will be something unattainable. For example, an online store selling merchandise packaging is very difficult to distinguish, the courier at the time

19、of shipment is always difficult to discern the differences between the parcel. If brands can be sold in packaging and other packaging differentiated electricity supplier</p><p>  China has entered a stage of

20、 rapid development, packaging machinery and tried to open the European and American markets. And to successfully enter the international market, on the one hand and the technical level of China's packaging machinery

21、on the other hand also form the US packaging machinery market related. As a highly developed market liberalization, the US packaging machinery manufacturers polarization evident.</p><p>  Currently, the worl

22、d's most advanced packaging machinery development has emerged in mechanical, electrical, gas, liquid, light, magnetism, as the momentum of one of the students, the production of high efficiency, energy-saving product

23、s recyclable, high - tech practical, intelligence has into a trend, this should also be the main direction of development of China's packaging machinery industry. To detect test equipment, play yards device represent

24、ed compact electronic products in the United Stat</p><p>  China packaging machinery manufacturing level and the level of industrial design through imitation, technology and capital and global sourcing, etc.

25、 to the rapid development. Today, China's packaging machinery manufacturing enterprises are readily available through global sourcing some of the key components to rapidly improve the technical level and reliability

26、of the equipment.</p><p>  Some low-tech products, many of China's current production of packaging machinery, has to meet the requirements of the US market, and most likely to get a breakthrough in the s

27、hort term. But in the automatic balers, labeling machine, sealing machine and robotic equipment, manufacturing machinery can not Palit China, Italy, Japan product competition.</p><p>  By upgrading and optim

28、ization technology to achieve high-end packaging equipment in China is just around the corner, and by the overall level of the high-tech applications and the constant push, armed and strengthen the industry, our country

29、will be in the direction of the center of the world packaging continues to advance.</p><p>  With the improvement of automation degree, packaging machine operation, maintenance and daily maintenance more con

30、venient and simple, reducing the operating staff of professional skill requirements. Product packaging quality, directly with the temperature system, engine speed precision, tracking system stability is closely related.

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