外文翻譯----powerdesigner的起步與數(shù)據(jù)建模

1、<p>　　文 獻(xiàn) 翻 譯</p><p>　　二級(jí)學(xué)院 </p><p>　　班 級(jí) </p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名 學(xué)號(hào) </p><p>　　譯 文

2、要 求</p><p>　　1、譯文內(nèi)容必須與課題（或?qū)I(yè)）內(nèi)容相關(guān)。</p><p>　　2、外文翻譯后中文不少于1500字。</p><p>　　3、譯文原文（或復(fù)印件）應(yīng)附在譯文后備查。</p><p>　　譯 文 評(píng) 閱</p><p>　　導(dǎo)師評(píng)語(yǔ)（應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)?！白g文要求”，對(duì)學(xué)生外文翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性、翻譯

3、數(shù)量以及譯文的文字表述情況等作具體的評(píng)價(jià)）</p><p>　　Powerdesigner的起步與數(shù)據(jù)建模</p><p>　　1、數(shù)據(jù)建模與PowerDesigner</p><p>　　數(shù)據(jù)模型是信息的一種表示方法和生產(chǎn)消費(fèi)系統(tǒng)。數(shù)據(jù)建模包括分析的數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)體系統(tǒng)中存在的關(guān)系。PowerDesigner提供概念,邏輯,和物理數(shù)據(jù)模型來(lái)讓你你的系統(tǒng)分析和模型各級(jí)抽象概

4、念。</p><p>　　1.1概念數(shù)據(jù)模型,</p><p>　　一個(gè)概念數(shù)據(jù)模型(CDM)代表邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)獨(dú)立于任何軟件或數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。它給的形式表示數(shù)據(jù),需要運(yùn)行企業(yè)、經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng),可能包含數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象尚未實(shí)施在物質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。一個(gè)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制可以讓您:</p><p>　　?代表組織的數(shù)據(jù),在一個(gè)圖形格式創(chuàng)造的實(shí)體關(guān)系圖表</p><p>

5、　　?數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的有效性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。</p><p>　　?產(chǎn)生一個(gè)邏輯數(shù)據(jù)模型(LDM),物理數(shù)據(jù)模型(PDM),或一個(gè)面向?qū)ο竽Ｐ?OOM指定一個(gè)對(duì)象),表示清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制使用UML標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。</p><p><b>　　1.2邏輯數(shù)據(jù)模型</b></p><p>　　一個(gè)邏輯數(shù)據(jù)模型可以幫助你設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)和執(zhí)行一些數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)denormaliz

6、ation獨(dú)立于任何特定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)行為物理的要求。你可以用邏輯模型作為一種中介步驟進(jìn)行了對(duì)比與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)的概念和物理結(jié)構(gòu):在一開(kāi)始?CDM含有實(shí)體,屬性,關(guān)系、領(lǐng)域、數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目和業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則。如果需要的話,你可能會(huì)顯露出清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制在幾個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)步驟從高水平較低水平的模型,清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制。</p><p>　　?產(chǎn)生LDM。FK和指定創(chuàng)建索引列名稱(chēng)和其他共同特點(diǎn)</p><p>　　?生成一個(gè)或

7、更多的(PDMs),每一個(gè)為特定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)施這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程使每件東西都保持一致允許你在一個(gè)大發(fā)展的努力。</p><p>　　1.3的物理數(shù)據(jù)模型</p><p>　　物理數(shù)據(jù)模型(PDM)是一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)工具的實(shí)施適合建模和數(shù)據(jù)查詢(xún)生理結(jié)構(gòu)在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。如圖1所示。</p><p>　　根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的選型你想設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),你會(huì)用不同類(lèi)型的PDM圖。</p>&l

8、t;p>　　?操作PDM——你使用的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品具有可操作性的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。一般情況下,在數(shù)據(jù)建模,物理分析遵循概念和/或邏輯分析,并提出了具體的實(shí)際實(shí)施數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù),能滿(mǎn)足你的表現(xiàn)和物理限制。</p><p>　　?商業(yè)智能產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理的,你也可以用產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的結(jié)構(gòu)環(huán)境,包括:</p><p>　　?數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)或數(shù)據(jù)集市數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作傳輸數(shù)據(jù),從運(yùn)算數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),和聚攏所有可能需要的信息的查

9、詢(xún)資料庫(kù),在OLAP(在線分析處理)商業(yè)分析和決策執(zhí)行。數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)收集所有的數(shù)據(jù)處理的公司的例子,而數(shù)據(jù)集市關(guān)注小實(shí)體的公司。</p><p>　　你使用物理的圖表來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)集市的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。由于這些數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)通常包含了大量的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)時(shí),你就不需要設(shè)計(jì)業(yè)績(jī)。你可以指定類(lèi)型(事實(shí)和尺寸)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表格有預(yù)習(xí)多維結(jié)構(gòu)的OLAP(在線分析處理)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。</p><p>　　?多維的OLAP(在

10、線分析處理)數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)器-通常是封裝了數(shù)據(jù)最先被聚集在數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)集市(雖然有時(shí)是直接從操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))轉(zhuǎn)移,促進(jìn)組織的信息查詢(xún)</p><p>　　進(jìn)行不同的工具。商業(yè)分析師使用的OLAP(在線分析處理)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)發(fā)送查詢(xún)和檢索商務(wù)信息中存在的不同維度的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。你用PDM多維的圖表來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)不同的維度和正方體OLAP(在線分析處理)內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。</p><p>　　2、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)模型</p&

11、gt;<p>　　你可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的CDM從頭開(kāi)始,通過(guò)引入一個(gè)過(guò)程分析模型(.PAM),或一個(gè)歐文模型(.ERX),或者從產(chǎn)生清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制、PDM、或OOM。</p><p>　　你可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的PDM從頭開(kāi)始,或逆向模型從現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。</p><p>　　?創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的CDM、LDM或產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理</p><p>　　1.選擇“文件?新開(kāi)設(shè)新對(duì)

12、話框。</p><p>　　2.選擇下列模型類(lèi)型:</p><p><b>　　?概念數(shù)據(jù)模型</b></p><p><b>　　?邏輯數(shù)據(jù)模型</b></p><p><b>　　?物理數(shù)據(jù)模型</b></p><p>　　3.選擇下列單選按鈕:&l

13、t;/p><p>　　?新模式——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)新的,空虛,模型。</p><p>　　新模型?模板-制造模型從他的模型模板,可容納偏好,擴(kuò)展選項(xiàng),預(yù)使,對(duì)象。更多信息,見(jiàn)”模型模板”一章模式的核心特性的向?qū)А?lt;/p><p>　　4.進(jìn)入一個(gè)模型的名字。代碼的模型,該模型用于劇本或代碼生成,是源自這個(gè)名字根據(jù)模型的命名協(xié)定。</p><p>　　5

14、.[PDM只有]選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng),并說(shuō)明是否:</p><p>　　?分享的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的線條,使用源的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的文件在源文件\ DBMS”目錄。改變,以適應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng),能引起所有PDMs分享它。</p><p>　　?復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)定義復(fù)印一份模式——的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)文件。</p><p>　　抄襲的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品一起保存更改它不會(huì)影響其他(PDMs)。&l

15、t;/p><p>　　6.[PDM只有]選擇類(lèi)型的第一個(gè)圖。圖表選擇成為默認(rèn)為下次你創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理。您可以創(chuàng)建許多圖,作為您所需要的在CDM、LDM或產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理。</p><p>　　7.(可選的)點(diǎn)擊擴(kuò)展模型定義表格,和選擇一個(gè)或多個(gè)定義擴(kuò)展模型在您的模型。</p><p>　　8.單擊OK,創(chuàng)造出新的數(shù)據(jù)模型在當(dāng)前的工作空間。</p>&l

16、t;p><b>　　3、連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)</b></p><p>　　要建立或更改PowerBuilder中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接，使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件。您可以選擇為您要訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框中的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件。使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)畫(huà)家選擇一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件，您也可以選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件您要訪問(wèn)，從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)畫(huà)家的對(duì)象的視圖。但是，此方法使用比使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框中更多的系統(tǒng)資源。 選擇數(shù)

17、據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件，您可以選擇從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件。要連接到一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框：1單擊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)檔案中的專(zhuān)用PowerBar按鈕?；蜻x擇工具>“數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的專(zhuān)用PowerBar剖面。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)Profile按鈕 如果您的專(zhuān)用PowerBar不包括數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)Profile按鈕，使用自定義功能來(lái)添加的按鈕，專(zhuān)用PowerBar。讓數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)專(zhuān)頁(yè)上的專(zhuān)用PowerBar按鈕是有用的，如果你經(jīng)常切換不同數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之間的連

18、接。有關(guān)自定義工具欄的說(shuō)明，請(qǐng)參閱用戶(hù)指南。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框顯示，列出已安裝的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)接口。如果接口列表來(lái)自當(dāng)您運(yùn)行安裝程序，它會(huì)更新注冊(cè)表中的供應(yīng)商名單與你安裝的接口。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件對(duì)話框顯示，在供應(yīng)商名單出現(xiàn)相同的接口。2單</p><p>　　3選擇的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件您要訪問(wèn)的名稱(chēng)，然后點(diǎn)擊連接?；蝻@示數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的配置文件彈出菜單，選擇連接。PowerBuilder的連接到指定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并返回

19、到工作區(qū)的畫(huà)家。</p><p><b>　　附加說(shuō)明：</b></p><p>　　以上這篇文獻(xiàn)翻譯節(jié)選自：《powerdesigner中的數(shù)據(jù)建?！返挠嘘P(guān)內(nèi)容。</p><p>　　Powerdesigner Getting Started with Data Modeling</p><p>　　1.Data

20、Modeling with PowerDesigner</p><p>　　A data model is a representation of the information consumed and produced by a system. Data modeling involves analyzing the data objects present in a system and the relat

21、ionships between them. PowerDesigner provides conceptual, logical, and physical data models to allow you to analyze and model your system at all levels of abstraction.</p><p>　　1.1 Conceptual Data Models<

22、/p><p>　　A Conceptual Data Model (CDM) represents the logical structure of a data system independent of any software or data storage structure. It gives a formal representation of the data needed to run an ente

23、rprise or a business activity, and may contain data objects not yet implemented in a physical database.</p><p>　　A CDM allows you to:</p><p>　　? Represent the organization of data in a graphic f

24、ormat to create Entity</p><p>　　Relationship Diagrams </p><p>　　? Verify the validity of data design.</p><p>　　? Generate a Logical Data Model (LDM), a Physical Data Model (PDM) or

25、an Object-Oriented Model (OOM), which specifies an object representation of the CDM using the UML standard.</p><p>　　1.2 Logical Data Models</p><p>　　A Logical Data Model helps you design a data

26、base structure and perform some database denormalization actions independent of any specific DBMS physical requirements.</p><p>　　You can use a logical model as an intermediary step in the database design pr

27、ocess between the conceptual and physical designs:</p><p>　　? Start with a CDM containing entities, attributes, relationships, domains, data items and business rules. If need be, you may develop the CDM in s

28、everal design steps starting from a high level model to a low level CDM</p><p>　　? Generate an LDM. Create indexes and specify FK column names and other common features</p><p>　　? Generate one o

29、r more PDMs, each targeted to a specific DBMS</p><p>　　implementation</p><p>　　This design process allows you to keep everything consistent in a large development effort.</p><p>　　1

30、.3 Data Models</p><p>　　A Physical Data Model (PDM) is a database design tool suitable for modeling the implementation of physical structures and data queries in a database.</p><p>　　Depending

31、 on the type of database you want to design, you will use different types of diagrams in the PDM:</p><p>　　? Operational PDM - You use PDM to design the structure of an operational database. Usually, in data

32、 modeling, the physical analysis follows the conceptual and/or logical analysis, and addresses the details of the actual physical implementation of data in a database, to suit your performance and physical constraints.&l

33、t;/p><p>　　? Business intelligence PDM - You can use a PDM to design the structure of a data environment, which consists of:</p><p>　　? Data warehouse or data mart database – are populated with da

34、ta transferred from operational databases, and gather together all the information that may be needed in an OLAP database, where queries for business analysis and decision making are performed. The data warehouse databas

35、e gathers all the data manipulated in a company for example, whereas the data mart focuses on smaller entities in the company.</p><p>　　You use physical diagrams to design a data warehouse or data mart datab

36、ase. Since these databases usually contain very large amounts of data for storage, you do not need to design them for performance. You may assign types (fact and dimension) to the database tables to have a preview of the

37、 multidimensional structure in an OLAP database.</p><p>　　? A multidimensional OLAP database - which is generally populated with data that has first been aggregated in a data warehouse or data mart (though s

38、ometimes it is transferred directly from operational databases), and in which information is organized to facilitate queries</p><p>　　performed by different tools. Business analysts use OLAP databases to sen

39、d queries and retrieve business information from the different dimensions existing in the database.</p><p>　　You use PDM multidimensional diagrams to design the different dimensions and cubes within the OLAP

40、 database.</p><p>　　2.Creating a Data Model</p><p>　　You can create a new CDM from scratch, by importing a Process Analyst Model (.PAM) or an ERwin model (.ERX), or by generating it from a CDM,

41、PDM, or OOM.</p><p>　　You can create a new PDM from scratch, or reverse engineer the model from an existing database.</p><p>　　? To create a new CDM, LDM, or PDM</p><p>　　1. Select

42、 File ? New to open the New dialog box.</p><p>　　2. Select one of the following model types:</p><p>　　? Conceptual Data Model</p><p>　　? Logical Data Model</p><p>　　? P

43、hysical Data Model</p><p>　　3. Select one of the following radio buttons:</p><p>　　? New model – Creates a new, empty, model.</p><p>　　? New model from template – Creates a model fr

44、om a model template, which can contain pre-configured options, preferences, extensions, and objects. For more information, see “Model Templates” in the Models chapter of the Core Features Guide .</p><p>　　4.

45、 Enter a model name. The code of the model, which is used for script or code generation, is derived from this name according to the model naming conventions.</p><p>　　5. [PDM only] Select a DBMS, and specify

46、 whether to:</p><p>　　? Share the DBMS definition – use the original DBMS file in the “Resource Files\DBMS” directory. Changes made to the DBMS are shared by all PDMs that share it.</p><p>　　? C

47、opy the DBMS definition in model – make a copy of the DBMS file.</p><p>　　The copied DBMS is saved with the PDM and changes made to it do not impact any other PDMs.</p><p>　　6. [PDM only] Select

48、 the type of the first diagram. The diagram chosen becomes the default for the next time you create a new PDM. You can create as many diagrams as you need in a CDM, LDM, or PDM.</p><p>　　7. [optional] Click

49、the Extended Model Definitions tab, and select one or more extended model definitions to attach to your model.</p><p>　　8. Click OK to create the new data model in the current Workspace.</p><p>

50、　　3.Connecting to a database</p><p>　　To establish or change a database connection in PowerBuilder, use a database profile. You can select the database profile for the database you want to access in the Data

51、base Profiles dialog box.</p><p>　　Using the Database painter to select a database profile</p><p>　　You can also select the database profile for the database you want to access</p><p&

52、gt;　　from the Database painter’s Objects view. However, this method uses more system resources than using the Database Profile dialog box.</p><p>　　Selecting a database profile</p><p>　　You can

53、select a database profile from the Database Profiles dialog box.</p><p>　　To connect to a database using the Database Profiles dialog box:</p><p>　　1Click the Database Profile button in the Pow

54、erBar.</p><p><b>　　or</b></p><p>　　Select Tools>Database Profile from the PowerBar.</p><p>　　Database Profile button</p><p>　　If your PowerBar does not i

55、nclude the Database Profile button, use the</p><p>　　customize feature to add the button to the PowerBar. Having the Database Profile button on your PowerBar is useful if you frequently switch connections be

56、tween different databases. For instructions on customizing toolbars, see the User’s Guide.</p><p>　　The Database Profiles dialog box displays, listing your installed database interfaces.</p><p>

57、　　Where the interface list comes from</p><p>　　When you run the Setup program, it updates the Vendors list in the registry</p><p>　　with the interfaces you install. The Database Profiles dialog

58、box displays the same interfaces that appear in the Vendors list.</p><p>　　2Click the plus sign (+) to the left of the interface you are using.</p><p><b>　　or</b></p><p&g

59、t;　　Double-click the name.</p><p>　　The list expands to display the database profiles defined for your interface.</p><p>　　3Select the name of the database profile you want to access and click&

60、lt;/p><p><b>　　Connect.</b></p><p><b>　　or</b></p><p>　　Display the pop-up menu for a database profile and select Connect.</p><p>　　PowerBuilder co