外文翻譯---jsp動態(tài)網(wǎng)站技術(shù)

1、<p>　　附錄3 JSP dynamic web technology</p><p>　　JSP (JavaServer Pages) is initiated by Sun Microsystems, Inc., with many companies to participate in the establishment of a dynamic web page technical stan

2、dards. JSP technology somewhat similar to ASP technology, it is in the traditional HTML pages in the document paragraph inserted JAVA procedures (Scriptlet) and JSP tag (tag), thus JSP documents. Using JSP development of

3、 the Web application is cross-platform that can run on Linux, is also available for other operating systems. </p><p>　　JSP technology to use the Java programming language prepared by the category of XML tags

4、 and scriptlets, to produce dynamic pages package processing logic. Page also visit by tags and scriptlets exist in the services side of the resources of logic. JSP page logic and web page design and display separation,

5、support reusable component-based design, Web-based application development is rapid and easy. </p><p>　　Web server in the face of visits JSP page request, the first implementation of the procedures of, and t

6、hen together with the results of the implementation of JSP documents in HTML code with the return to the customer. Insert the Java programming operation of the database can be re-oriented websites, in order to achieve th

7、e establishment of dynamic pages needed to function. JSP and Java Servlet, is in the implementation of the server, usually returned to the client is an HTML text, as long as th</p><p>　　JSP 1.0 specificatio

8、n of the final version is launched in September 1999, December has introduced 1.1 specifications. At present relatively new is JSP1.2 norms, JSP2.0 norms of the draft has also been introduced. JSP pages from HTML code an

9、d Java code embedded in one of the components. The server was in the pages of client requests after the Java code and then will generate the HTML pages to return to the client browser. Java Servlet JSP is the technical f

10、oundation and large-scale Web applicatio</p><p>　　Early dynamic web site development and technology using a CGI-BIN interface. Developers to write interfaces with the relevant procedures and a separate Web-b

11、ased applications, the latter through the Web server to call the former. This development technology there is a serious expansion of the problem - each new CGI procedural requirements on the server add a new process. If

12、multiple users with access to the program, these processes will run out of the Web server all the resources available, unti</p><p>　　Hypertext Preprocessor (Hypertext Pre-processor), PHP dynamic web site dev

13、elopment and technology similar to ASP, is also a kind of embedded in HTML document server-side scripting language. Most of its grammar and C, Java, Perl, and other similar language and formed its own unique style, use o

14、f the language Web programmers can quickly develop dynamic pages. PHP in most Unix platforms, GUN / Linux and Microsoft Windows platform can run. PHP's main advantages are: ease of installation, the learnin</p>

15、<p>　　There are also technologies such as Java Servlets technology, make use of the technology can be easily prepared using the Java language interactive server-side code. A Java Servlets is a Java-based technolog

16、y running on the server-side program (and Applet different, the latter running in the browser). Developers to write such a Java Servlets, to receive from the Web browser's HTTP request, to generate a dynamic response

17、 (may need to query the database to complete such a request), then send HTML </p><p>　　Sun Microsystems (Sun Microsystems Inc.) In Web servers, application servers, the trading system and development tools p

18、rovider of broad support and cooperation, integration and balance already exists in the Java programming environment (such as Java Servlets and JavaBeans) To support the technology and tools have a new, Web-based applica

19、tion development methods - JavaServer Pages Technology (JSP). This dynamic web site development and technology mainly have the following characteristics: </p><p>　　To any Web or application server running on

20、; From the application of logic and display pages; To carry out the rapid development and testing; Simplifies the development of Web-based interactive applications for the process. JSP technology methods In order to faci

21、litate the rapid and dynamic development of the site, JSP in the following areas made improvements, making it a rapid establishment of cross-platform dynamic site's preferred option. </p><p>　　Will gener

22、ate and display the contents of separation Using JSP technology, Web pages and developers can use HTML or XML logo design and formatting the final pages, and use the JSP logo or legs had generated dynamic content on the

23、 page (the content is based on changes in the request, for example, request account information A bottle of wine or a specific price, etc.). Content generated by the logic of the logo and packaging JavaBeans components,

24、and tied up in the script, all of the scripts in t</p><p>　　In the server, JSP engine explained JSP logo and script, generated by the content of the request (for example, by visiting JavaBeans components, th

25、e use of JDBC to access the database or contain), and will result in HTML (or XML) pages in the form of sending Back to the browser. This helps to protect themselves from the code, can guarantee that any HTML-based Web b

26、rowser's complete availability. 2. Reusable components The vast majority of JSP pages rely on reusable, cross-platform components (</p><p>　　Web page developers are not familiar with the scripting lang

27、uage programmers. JSP technology package has many functions, which is in easy-to-use, XML and JSP related to the identification of dynamic content generation needs. JSP standard logo to access and examples of JavaBeans c

28、omponents, component attribute set or retrieve, download Applet, and the implementation of other methods more difficult to coding and time-consuming function. 4. Adaptation platform Almost all platforms support Java, J

29、</p><p>　　In addition, through the development of the logo, JSP technology can be further expanded. Third-party developers and other personnel for the common functions can create their own logo for. This mak

30、es Web page developers can use familiar tools and the same logo as the implementation of specific features of the component to their work. </p><p>　　JSP technology easily integrated into a variety of applica

31、tions in architecture, to use the existing tools and skills, and be extended to support enterprise-class distributed applications. Use of Java technology as part of the family, and the Java 2 (Enterprise Architecture) an

32、 integral part of, JSP technology can support the highly complex Web-based applications. </p><p>　　JSP pages because of the built-in scripting language is based on Java, and all of the JSP pages have been co

33、mpiled into Java Servlets, so JSP pages with all the benefits of Java technology, including robust storage management and security. As part of the Java platform, JSP with the Java programming language, "a preparatio

34、n, the entire operation" characteristics. JSP application of the model. </p><p>　　JSP pages usually been compiled into Java Servlets, this is a standard Java extension. Pages developers to visit all of

35、 the Java application environment, to take advantage of Java technology and the expansion of portability. This makes the next page of the call, the server will be very quick response (which avoids the CGI-BIN for each HT

36、TP request to generate a new process). </p><p>　　JSP pages can contain a variety of different applications in architecture or model, can be used by different agreements, parts and components by the format of

37、 the Commonwealth. Based on the dynamic information dissemination and JSP technology is an open, scalable create dynamic Web pages standards. Regardless of what used to create tools, developers can use JSP pages to creat

38、e a portable Web applications, in different Web server applications to run on.</p><p>　　JSP動態(tài)網(wǎng)站技術(shù)：</p><p>　　JSP(JavaServer Pages)是由Sun Microsystems公司倡導(dǎo)、許多公司參與一起建立的一種動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁技術(shù)標準。JSP技術(shù)有點類似ASP技術(shù)，它是在傳統(tǒng)

39、的網(wǎng)頁HTML文件中插入JAVA程序段(Scriptlet)和JSP標記(tag)，從而形成JSP文件。用JSP開發(fā)的Web應(yīng)用是跨平臺的，即能在Linux下運行，也能在其他操作系統(tǒng)上運行。</p><p>　　JSP技術(shù)使用Java編程語言編寫類XML的tags和scriptlets，來封裝產(chǎn)生動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁的處理邏輯。網(wǎng)頁還能通過tags和scriptlets訪問存在于服務(wù)端的資源的應(yīng)用邏輯。JSP將網(wǎng)頁邏輯與網(wǎng)頁

40、設(shè)計和顯示分離，支持可重用的基于組件的設(shè)計，使基于Web的應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)變得迅速和容易。</p><p>　　Web服務(wù)器在遇到訪問JSP網(wǎng)頁的請求時，首先執(zhí)行其中的程序段，然后將執(zhí)行結(jié)果連同JSP文件中的HTML代碼一起返回給客戶。插入的Java程序段可以操作數(shù)據(jù)庫、重新定向網(wǎng)頁等，以實現(xiàn)建立動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁所需要的功能。 </p><p>　　JSP與Java Servlet一樣，是在服務(wù)器端

41、執(zhí)行的，通常返回該客戶端的就是一個HTML文本，因此客戶端只要有瀏覽器就能瀏覽。</p><p>　　JSP的1.0規(guī)范的最后版本是1999年9月推出的，12月又推出了1.1規(guī)范。目前較新的是JSP1.2規(guī)范，JSP2.0規(guī)范的征求意見稿也已出臺。JSP頁面由HTML代碼和嵌入其中的Java代碼所組成。服務(wù)器在頁面被客戶端請求以后對這些Java代碼進行處理，然后將生成的HTML頁面返回給客戶端的瀏覽器。Java

42、Servlet 是JSP的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)，而且大型的Web應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)需要Java Servlet和JSP配合才能完成。JSP具備了Java技術(shù)的簡單易用，完全的面向?qū)ο?，具有平臺無關(guān)性且安全可靠，主要面向因特網(wǎng)的所有特點。 JSP動態(tài)網(wǎng)站開發(fā)技術(shù)</p><p>　　早期的動態(tài)網(wǎng)站開發(fā)技術(shù)使用的是CGI－BIN接口。開發(fā)人員編寫與接口相關(guān)的單獨的程序和基于Web的應(yīng)用程序，后者通過Web服務(wù)器來調(diào)用前者。這種開發(fā)

43、技術(shù)存在著嚴重的擴展性問題——每一個新的CGI程序要求在服務(wù)器上新增一個進程。如果多個用戶并發(fā)地訪問該程序，這些進程將耗盡該Web服務(wù)器所有的可用資源，直至其崩潰。為克服這一弊端，微軟公司提出了Active Server Pages(ASP)技術(shù)，該技術(shù)利用“插件”和API簡化了Web應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)。ASP與CGI相比，其優(yōu)點是可以包含HTML標簽，可以直接存取數(shù)據(jù)庫及使用無限擴充的ActiveX控件，因此在程序編制上更富有靈活性。但該

44、技術(shù)基本上是局限于微軟的操作系統(tǒng)平臺之上，主要工作環(huán)境是微軟的IIS應(yīng)用程序結(jié)構(gòu)，所以ASP技術(shù)不能很容易地實現(xiàn)跨平臺的Web服務(wù)器程序開發(fā)。</p><p>　　Hypertext Preprocessor（超文本預(yù)處理器），即PHP動態(tài)網(wǎng)站開發(fā)技術(shù)與ASP相似，也是一種嵌入HTML文檔的服務(wù)器端腳本語言。其語法大部分與C、Java、Perl等語言相似，并形成了自己的獨有風格，利用該語言Web程序員可以快速地開

45、發(fā)出動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁。PHP在大多數(shù)Unix平臺、GUN/Linux和微軟Windows平臺上均可以運行。PHP的優(yōu)點主要有：安裝方便，學(xué)習過程簡單；數(shù)據(jù)庫連接方便，兼容性強；擴展性強；可以進行面向?qū)ο缶幊痰?。但PHP也存在一些弱點，主要是PHP是一種解釋型語言，不支持多線程結(jié)構(gòu)，支持平臺和連接的數(shù)據(jù)庫都有限，特別是在支持的標準方面存在先天不足，對于某些電子商務(wù)應(yīng)用來說，PHP是不適合的。 </p><p>　　還有一些

46、技術(shù)，如Java Servlets技術(shù)，利用該技術(shù)可以很容易地用Java語言編寫交互式的服務(wù)器端代碼。一個Java Servlets就是一個基于Java技術(shù)的運行在服務(wù)器端的程序（與Applet不同，后者運行在瀏覽器端）。開發(fā)人員編寫這樣的Java Servlets，以接收來自Web瀏覽器的HTTP請求，動態(tài)地生成響應(yīng)（可能需要查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫來完成這種請求），然后發(fā)送包含HTML或XML文檔的響應(yīng)到瀏覽器。這種技術(shù)對于普通的頁面設(shè)計者來說要

47、輕易地掌握是很困難的。采用這種方法，整個網(wǎng)頁必須都在Java Servlets中制作。如果開發(fā)人員或者Web管理人員想要調(diào)整頁面顯示，就不得不編輯并重新編譯該Java Servlets。 太陽微系統(tǒng)公司(Sun Microsystems Inc.)在Web服務(wù)器、應(yīng)用服務(wù)器、交易系統(tǒng)以及開發(fā)工具供應(yīng)商間廣泛支持與合作下，整合并平衡了已經(jīng)存在的對Java編程環(huán)境（例如Java Servlets和JavaBeans）進行支持的技術(shù)和工具后

48、產(chǎn)生了一種新的、開發(fā)基于Web應(yīng)用程序的方法——JavaServer Pages技術(shù)（JSP）。這種動態(tài)網(wǎng)站開發(fā)</p><p>　　能夠在任何Web或應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器上運行；  分離了應(yīng)用程序的邏輯和頁面顯示； 能夠進行快速的開發(fā)和測試； 簡化了開發(fā)基于Web的交互式應(yīng)用程序的過程。</p><p>　　JSP的技術(shù)方法  為了快速方便地進行

49、動態(tài)網(wǎng)站的開發(fā)，JSP在以下幾個方面做了改進，使其成為快速建立跨平臺的動態(tài)網(wǎng)站的首選方案。 1.將內(nèi)容的生成和顯示進行分離 用JSP技術(shù)，Web頁面開發(fā)人員可以使用HTML或者XML標識來設(shè)計和格式化最終頁面，并使用JSP標識或者小腳本來生成頁面上的動態(tài)內(nèi)容（內(nèi)容是根據(jù)請求變化的，例如請求賬戶信息或者特定的一瓶酒的價格等）。生成內(nèi)容的邏輯被封裝在標識和JavaBeans組件中，并且捆綁在腳本中，所有的腳本在服務(wù)器端運行。由于核心邏輯

50、被封裝在標識和JavaBeans中，所以Web管理人員和頁面設(shè)計者，能夠編輯和使用JSP頁面，而不影響內(nèi)容的生成。 在服務(wù)器端，JSP引擎解釋JSP標識和腳本，生成所請求的內(nèi)容（例如，通過訪問JavaBeans組件，使用JDBC技術(shù)訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫或者包含文件），并且將結(jié)果以HTML（或者XML）頁面的形式發(fā)送回瀏覽器。這既有助于作者保護自己的代碼，又能保證任何基于HTML的Web瀏覽器的完全可用性。 2.可重用組件 </p>

51、<p>　　絕大多數(shù)JSP頁面依賴于可重用的、跨平臺的組件（JavaBeans或者Enterprise JavaBeans組件）來執(zhí)行應(yīng)用程序所要求的復(fù)雜的處理。開發(fā)人員能夠共享和交換執(zhí)行普通操作的組件，或者使得這些組件為更多的使用者和客戶團體所使用?；诮M件的方法加速了總體開發(fā)過程，并且使得各種組織在他們現(xiàn)有的技能和優(yōu)化結(jié)果的開發(fā)努力中得到平衡。 3.采用標識 Web頁面開發(fā)人員不會都是熟悉腳本語言的編程人員。JSP

52、技術(shù)封裝了許多功能，這些功能是在易用的、與JSP相關(guān)的XML標識中進行動態(tài)內(nèi)容生成所需要的。標準的JSP標識能夠訪問和實例化JavaBeans組件，設(shè)置或者檢索組件屬性，下載Applet，以及執(zhí)行用其他方法更難于編碼和耗時的功能。 4.適應(yīng)平臺 幾乎所有平臺都支持Java，JSP＋JavaBeans幾乎可以在所有平臺下通行無阻。從一個平臺移植到另外一個平臺，JSP和JavaBeans甚至不用重新編譯，因為Java字節(jié)碼都是標準的與平

53、臺無關(guān)的。 5.數(shù)據(jù)庫連接 </p><p>　　Java中連接數(shù)據(jù)庫的技術(shù)是JDBC，Java程序通過JDBC驅(qū)動程序與數(shù)據(jù)庫相連，執(zhí)行查詢、提取數(shù)據(jù)等操作。Sun公司還開發(fā)了JDBC－ODBC bridge，利用此技術(shù)Java程序可以訪問帶有ODBC驅(qū)動程序的數(shù)據(jù)庫，目前大多數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)都帶有ODBC驅(qū)動程序，所以Java程序能訪問諸如Oracle、Sybase、MS SQL Server和MS Acce

54、ss等數(shù)據(jù)庫。 此外，通過開發(fā)標識庫，JSP技術(shù)可以進一步擴展。第三方開發(fā)人員和其他人員可以為常用功能創(chuàng)建自己的標識庫。這使得Web頁面開發(fā)人員能夠使用熟悉的工具和如同標識一樣的執(zhí)行特定功能的構(gòu)件來進行工作。</p><p>　　JSP技術(shù)很容易整合到多種應(yīng)用體系結(jié)構(gòu)中，以利用現(xiàn)存的工具和技巧，并且能擴展到支持企業(yè)級的分布式應(yīng)用中。作為采用Java技術(shù)家族的一部分，以及Java 2（企業(yè)版體系結(jié)構(gòu)）的一個組成部

55、分，JSP技術(shù)能夠支持高度復(fù)雜的基于Web的應(yīng)用。 由于JSP頁面的內(nèi)置腳本語言是基于Java的，而且所有的JSP頁面都被編譯成為Java Servlets，所以JSP頁面具有Java技術(shù)的所有好處，包括健壯的存儲管理和安全性。作為Java平臺的一部分，JSP擁有Java編程語言“一次編寫，各處運行”的特點。 JSP的應(yīng)用模型。 </p><p>　　JSP頁面通常被編譯成為Java Servlet

56、s，這是一個標準的Java擴展。頁面開發(fā)人員能夠訪問全部的Java應(yīng)用環(huán)境，以利用Java技術(shù)的擴展性和可移植性。當JSP頁面第一次被調(diào)用時，如果它還不存在，就會被編譯成為一個Java Servlets類，并且存儲在服務(wù)器的內(nèi)存中。這就使得在接下來的對該頁面的調(diào)用中，服務(wù)器會有非常快的響應(yīng)（這避免了CGI－BIN為每個HTTP請求生成一個新的進程的問題）。 </p><p>　　JSP頁面可以包含在多種