建筑給排水外文翻譯---高層建筑給排水的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

1、<p>　　華中科技大學(xué)文華學(xué)院</p><p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯</p><p><b>　?。ū究茖W(xué)生用）</b></p><p>　　題目： 高層建筑給排水的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題 </p><p>　　學(xué) 生 姓 名： 李雪

2、昆 學(xué)號(hào)：090208021109 </p><p>　　學(xué) 部 （系）: 城市建設(shè)工程學(xué)部 </p><p>　　專(zhuān) 業(yè) 年 級(jí): 給水排水工程2009級(jí)1班 </p><p>　　指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 魯群 職稱(chēng)或?qū)W位：

3、 </p><p>　　2013年03月13</p><p>　　多層住宅建筑給排水設(shè)計(jì)的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題 摘要：本文就多層住宅建筑給排水設(shè)計(jì)中給水管材的選用，管道的敷設(shè)方式， 水表出戶(hù)設(shè)置，家用熱水器的設(shè)置及空調(diào)冷凝水排放等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探討，并提出一些具體看法。 </p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：多層住宅,給水管材,管道敷設(shè),水表,太陽(yáng)能熱水器 </p&g

4、t;<p>　　多層住宅以其配套設(shè)施簡(jiǎn)單，造價(jià)低，物業(yè)管理方便等特點(diǎn)，很受中小城市房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商和廣大居民的歡迎。 如何按2000年小康住宅科技產(chǎn)業(yè)工程居住區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)則的要求，提高住宅的設(shè)計(jì)水平，為每個(gè)住戶(hù)營(yíng)造出一個(gè)舒適 的生活空間，是每個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)人員的職責(zé)所在。作為住宅的心臟――廚房、衛(wèi)生間，是功能復(fù)雜，衛(wèi)生、安全和舒適度要求 高，營(yíng)造繁雜,技術(shù)要求高的空間。因此，設(shè)計(jì)人員必須以整體設(shè)計(jì)的觀念和方法，綜合考慮廚房、衛(wèi)生間給排

5、水管道 和設(shè)備的安裝等。下面就多層住宅給排水設(shè)計(jì)中給水管材的選用、管道的敷設(shè)、水表出戶(hù)設(shè)置、家用熱水器的設(shè)置和空 調(diào)冷凝水排放等問(wèn)題與同行們一起探討。 </p><p>　　（一） 給水管材選用問(wèn)題 　　傳統(tǒng)的給水管材一般采用鍍鋅鋼管，由于鍍鋅鋼管易銹蝕，使用壽命短，用于輸送生活用水不能滿(mǎn)足水質(zhì)衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等 缺點(diǎn)，建設(shè)部正大力推廣塑料給水管的應(yīng)用。許多地市已明文規(guī)定：禁止設(shè)計(jì)使用鍍鋅鋼管，推廣使用塑料給水管。塑料

6、給水 管與金屬管道相比，具有重量輕，耐壓強(qiáng)度好，輸送液體阻力小，耐化學(xué)腐蝕性能強(qiáng)，安裝方便，省鋼節(jié)能，使用壽命長(zhǎng)等 優(yōu)點(diǎn)。給水用塑料管道主要有：硬聚氯乙烯（PVC－U）、高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）、交聯(lián)聚乙烯（PEX）、改性聚丙烯（PP－R ，PP－C）、聚丁烯（PB）、鋁塑復(fù)合管（PE－AL－PE，PEX－AL－PEX）和鋼塑復(fù)合管等。 　管材的選擇是經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)的比較過(guò)程，技術(shù)上應(yīng)從壓力、溫度、使用環(huán)境、安裝方法等方面進(jìn)行考慮，同時(shí)結(jié)合

7、業(yè)主 的要求和住宅的檔次，進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)綜合考慮后確定。以上所塑料給水管材都可作為住宅生活給水管材。經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房和解 困房主要面對(duì)廣大中低收入居民，可選用衛(wèi)生級(jí)硬聚氯乙烯管（PVC－U）作為給水管，以降低造價(jià)；中高檔商品房可用鋁 塑復(fù)合管（PE－AL－PE，PEX－AL－PEX）或其他塑料給水管材作為給水管。住宅配水點(diǎn)的</p><p>　　衛(wèi)生間內(nèi)排水橫支管在本層敷設(shè)具體措施有： 　　1） 提高衛(wèi)生間地面。地面勢(shì)

8、高150mm，采用后排式坐便器，洗臉盆、浴盆和地漏的排水橫管暗埋在墊層內(nèi)。 　　2） 采用下沉式衛(wèi)生間。衛(wèi)生間樓板面下沉350mm，衛(wèi)生器具排水橫管暗埋在下沉空間里。 　　這兩種做法均可實(shí)現(xiàn)衛(wèi)生間的排水橫支管埋設(shè)本層的地面而不進(jìn)入鄰戶(hù)。暗埋管道安裝時(shí)，施工質(zhì)量一定要嚴(yán)格把關(guān)， 經(jīng)驗(yàn)收合格后方可施工衛(wèi)生間地面，以免給日后使用中留下隱患。衛(wèi)生間地面施工可填充煤灰等輕質(zhì)材料，亦可采用砌磚 架空鋪設(shè)制板施工地面，地面須做防水處理，做法可參照

9、屋面防水處理，如做兩油一布橡塑油膏防水。 　?。ㄈ?水表戶(hù)外設(shè)置問(wèn)題 　　水表設(shè)在戶(hù)內(nèi)，不但抄表的工作量很大，而且使住宅的安全性和私密性大大降低。故住宅的分戶(hù)水表或分戶(hù)水表的數(shù)字 顯示宜設(shè)在戶(hù)外。多層住宅水表戶(hù)外設(shè)置有以下幾種形式： 　　1．采用遠(yuǎn)傳水表 　　把普通水表?yè)Q成遠(yuǎn)傳水表，由一根信號(hào)線(xiàn)連接水表與數(shù)據(jù)采集機(jī)，再傳至智能管理（微機(jī)）。它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于節(jié)省大量人 力來(lái)抄表，數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確，缺點(diǎn)是造價(jià)高。 　　2．采用磁卡式水

10、表 　　用戶(hù)預(yù)先購(gòu)買(mǎi)自來(lái)水公司的電子卡，然</p><p>　　譯文來(lái)源：美國(guó)PE雜志建筑給排水工程師2010年第10期</p><p>　　The multilevel residential housing is given and drains off water several questions designed Summary : This text give and dr

11、ain off water on multilevel residential housing design supply water the exertion of the tubular product , Way of laying of pipeline, water gauge produce family set up, establishment and air conditioner condensation water

12、 of pot-type boiler discharge issue goes on the discussion , And put forward some concrete views. </p><p>　　Keyword: Skyscraper, supply water the tubular product , the pipeline is laid, The water gauge, the

13、solar water heater The skyscraper is simple with its auxiliary facility, the fabrication cost is low, the characteristic such as being convenient of estate management, Receive the welcomes of the real estate develope

14、r and vast resident of small and medium-sized cities very much. How project planning and design of inhabited region, scientific and technological industry of comfortable house, lead</p><p>　　1)Will install i

15、t in the corner place of the kitchen, bathroom tomorrow. Adopting this kind of way of laying more in the design of house in the past, it is convenient for it to construct, But will reveal the pipeline and hinder the room

16、 beautifully tomorrow Watch, the households will mostly be hidden with the light quality material in the equipment two times.</p><p>　　2)Will install it in the overcast angle place of the outer wall of the b

17、uilding tomorrow. Way this suitable for southern weather warm district only, the minimum temperature in winter cant be lower than zero degrees Centigrade, In case water pipe water-logging freeze ice is bloated to split p

18、ipeline, influence household use. Pipeline lay in outer wall, influence building to be beautiful, too inconvenient on manage and maintain in the future. </p><p>　　3)Lay it in the pipeline well. This way make

19、s the room clean and beautiful , but the pipeline well has taken up the area of the bathroom, And pipeline construct, maintain relatively more difficult. Bathroom set up concentrate pipeline well, concentrate pipeline on

20、 assign in the well feed pipe, drain pipe, This is that the civilized importance lives in the kitchen of comfortable house, bathroom Embodiment. I think : Should consider the establishment of the pipeline well of the bat

21、hroom in the med</p><p>　　1)Set up in the brick wall secretly. Wall turn on and in charge of trough in brick when constructing, in charge of trough width tube +20 mm, de of external diameter,, degree of dept

22、h tube external diameter de, The pipeline is imbedded and managed directly Trough, and with in charge of card fix in trough of inning charge of son.</p><p>　　2)Whether pipe diameter supply water and prop up

23、and last de ≤ 20mm,can set up at floor secretly piece make level by layer. Turn on and in charge of trough in floor( ground) the board when constructing, it wides trough have to be de +10 mm deeply 1/2 of the de, Half pi

24、peline imbed and in charge of trough, and with in charge of card fix in trough of inning charge of tube. Aluminium mould compound and in charge of and pay and unite polypropylene in charge of pipeline adopt metal pipe fi

25、ttings conn</p><p>　　1)Improve the bathroom ground . Ground tendency high 150mm, adopt back row type take stool pot, washing basin, bath tub, water drainage of floor drain in charge of and bury in cushion la

26、yer secretly sideways.</p><p>　　2)Adopt the sinking type bathroom. Bathroom sink 350mm the floor, hygiene utensil drain off water and in charge of and bury on sinking space secretly sideways Two method

27、these can realize water drainage of bathroom prop up and in charge of earths surface to bury underground this one without entering the neighbor family sideways. Bury pipeline when installing, construction quality must ch

28、eck on strictly, can construct bathroom ground after confirming qualified secretly, So as not to leave th</p><p>　　1)The water gauge is set up in the stair have a rest in the alcove of the platform. Househol

29、d watersupply to prop up and manage and enter the kitchen, bathroom after the water gauge is measured. Way this realize water gauge produce room set up, equivalence low project have , supply water and set up and in charg

30、e of and set up with water gauge office results in aesthetic problems in stair. It suitable for the South warm district kitchen, bathroom assign close to the houses of positions of stairca</p><p>　　2)The wat

31、er gauge concentrates on being set up among the water gauges( meter box). Person who give when supplying water, set up water gauge in ground floor( meter box) on falling, every household watersupply to prop up and is in

32、charge of applying having in the pipeline well, Southern area can overcast horn place lay along the outer wall in building too; Person who give when supplying water, can set up water gauge in roof( meter box) under upgoi

33、ng. This way increases and supplies water to prop u</p><p>　　譯文來(lái)源：美國(guó)PE雜志建筑給排水工程師2010年第10期主要參考文獻(xiàn)</p><p>　　1、G．E Marshall and M．w．Birch．Design for toughness in polymers three一Criteria for high tou

34、ghness in UPVC pressure pipes．Plastics And Rubber Processing and Applications，Volume 2，No．4,1 982．</p><p>　　2、UK Water Industry Information Guidance Note，IGN 4—37-02，1999．Design Against Surge And Fatigue Con

35、ditions For Thermoplastic Pipes.</p><p>　　3、Fischer，H．B．，List，J．L．，Brooks，N．H．，Imberger，J．I．&Koh，R．C．Y．1 979．Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters．Academic，New York</p><p>　　4、Legislation and