文獻(xiàn)翻譯--基于gsm網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)

1、<p>　　2040單詞，10800英文字符，3100漢字</p><p>　　出處：Meihua X, Yu F, Fangjie Z, et al. A remote medical monitoring system based on GSM network[C]// Iet International Communication Conference on Wireless Mobile and

2、 Computing. 2010:381-384.</p><p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文翻譯</p><p><b>　?。ㄗg文）</b></p><p>　　學(xué) 院： 電子工程與自動化學(xué)院 </p><p>　　專 業(yè)： 電子信息科學(xué)與技術(shù) </p><p

3、>　　學(xué)生姓名： </p><p>　　學(xué) 號： </p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師單位： 電子工程與自動化學(xué)院 </p><p>　　姓 名： </p><p

4、>　　職 稱： </p><p><b>　　年 月 日</b></p><p>　　A Remote Medical Monitoring System Based on GSM Network</p><p>　　X Meihua，F(xiàn) Yu，Z Fangjie，Z Qi

5、an</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　This paper presents a remote medical monitoring system based on GSM (Global </p><p>　　System for Mobile communications) network. It

6、is a kind of family medical network system. Firstly, the system structure of the monitoring system is proposed, and then the design of each module is introduced. This system takes advantage of the powerful GSM network to

7、 implement remote communication in the form of short messages and uses FPGA as the control center to realize the family medical monitoring network. </p><p>　　Keywords: GSM network, temperature, blood pressur

8、e, heart rate, FPGA</p><p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　With the gradual improvement of living standards and health awareness, people pay more attention to their own health conditions. It has becom

9、e one of the social demands that one can check and understand his own health status timely and conveniently. However, on the one hand nowadays regular medical check-up will need a large amount of time and energy to queue

10、 in the hospital, and on the other hand due to the limitation of time and space, doctors and the person related cannot grasp the patient’s </p><p>　　In the paper, a remote medical monitoring system based on

11、GSM network is proposed. It can collect several physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and temperature, and transmit these parameters in aid of GSM network. Such a system not only has a low cost and

12、a portable type, but also operates conveniently and can be extendable. Meanwhile, if receivers are installed in the hospital, many testing can be implemented at home, which will be more convenience for the patients to kn

13、ow</p><p>　　2 System outline</p><p>　　This paper proposes a remote medical monitoring system [2]based on GSM network, including the network architecture and implementation method, as shown in Fi

14、gure 1. The system is made up of user terminal equipments, GSM network and hospital terminal equipments. GSM network is just a commonly used mobile communication network. Hospital terminal equipments can be a personal co

15、mputer (connected with GSM modules) or other receiving equipments such as the mobile phone of the related doctor, while user</p><p>　　Figure 1 System outline</p><p>　　3 Design and development of

16、 the user terminal device</p><p>　　Figure 2 shows the system block diagram of user terminal devices, including the temperature acquisition module, blood pressure/heart rate acquisition module, FPGA of Actel

17、Fusion series, information-sending and information-receiving module--GSM module, LCD displays and expansion modules. In the design there are several peripherals are used such as UART interfaces, IO interfaces and USB int

18、erface. FPGA is the core design, who controls the blood pressure/heart rate module to collect the blood pres</p><p>　　Figure 2 System block diagram of user terminal devices</p><p>　　3.1 Core of

19、the control module</p><p>　　In this paper, FPGA of Actel Fusion series is chosen as the core of the control module. Such kind of FPGA includes the features of analogy-to-digital conversion function, Flash me

20、mory framework and low cost. Its internal integrated ADC uses 12-bit successive approximation techniques, which can directly import the analogy signals of the sampled temperature to FPGA by analogy IO ports. Then inside

21、FPGA the analogy signals are conversed to the digital ones.</p><p>　　3.2 Data acquisition module of physiological parameters</p><p>　　As shown in Figure 2, the data acquisition module is made up

22、 of blood pressure/heart rate acquisition module and temperature acquisition module. Blood pressure/heart rate acquisition module is controlled by UART1 serial communication interface and uses the standard CAS agreements

23、, so the command frame and data frame conforms the standard agreement format. FPGA can start, stop and set the parameters of this module, and it receives the data of blood pressure and heart rate when the testing is comp

24、</p><p>　　Figure 3 is the system diagram of blood pressure/heart rate module [4] , from which the working principle and concrete procedure can be understood well.</p><p>　　The working principle

25、of the module will be described as follows: during the measurements, the module begins to work once FPGA sends the “start” signal. Firstly, the cuff is inflated automatically by the air valve until the pressure in it rea

26、ches at a certain set value, and then it begins to automatic deflate slowly. The pressure inside the cuff is composed of static cuff pressure and pulse pressure. It is the pressure sensor that converts the pressure signa

27、ls to the electrical ones. Then the am</p><p>　　Figure 3 System diagram of blood pressure/heart rate module</p><p>　　Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of temperature acquisition module. It is co

28、mposed of a high-precision platinum resistance PT100 and a temperature transmitter. PT100 uses 3-wire method to connect to the temperature transmitter. Once the temperature becomes different, the resistance value of Pt10

29、0 will change correspondingly. It is the function of temperature transmitter that the change of resistance value of PT100 will be converted to current changes. If a 250 resistor is used between anode and</p><p

30、>　　Figure 4 Schematic diagram of temperature acquisition</p><p><b>　　Module</b></p><p>　　3.3 Expansion modules</p><p>　　There are many expansion modules such as USB i

31、nterface, IO interface ports, UART interface, analogy IO interface ports and digital IO interface ports. Furthermore, the driver of three interfaces has already been included inside of FPGA. If needed, these modules can

32、be connected with sensor modules of different interfaces.</p><p>　　3.4 GSM module</p><p>　　Siemens TC35 is adopted as the core of GSM module, as shown in Figure 5. FPGA is connected with GSM mod

33、ule and controls it by the serial communication interface UART2. Siemens TC35 has RF circuits and baseband as well, which provides the users standard AT command interface to transmit the data, audio, short messages and f

34、ax fast, reliably and safely [1]. It will be convenience for the users to apply, develop or design.</p><p>　　Figure 5 Block diagram of the GSM Engine TC35</p><p>　　The block diagram of the GSM E

35、ngine TC35 [3] is depicted in Figure 5. The main functional blocks include GSM baseband processor, GSM radio, power supply ASIC, flash, ZIF connector and antenna connector. The GSM baseband processor handles all the proc

36、essing of audio, signal and date respectively within a GSM device. Internal software runs the application interface and the whole GSM protocol stack. A</p><p>　　UART forms the interface to the cellular devic

37、e application. The module equipped with a 40-pin ZIP connector is connected to the cellular device application. The following interfaces are incorporated: the power supply ASIC, data interface--RS232, audio interface, SI

38、M interfaces and so on. The radio part of the GSM is used as the transceiver. In this paper, TC35 is only used to send and receive the short messages. Actually, the input/output interface of TC35 is a serial asynchronous

39、 transceiver, </p><p>　　Figure 6 Data transfer process of the GSM module</p><p>　　3.5 Implementation of the system functions</p><p>　　The system functions are fulfilled under the co

40、ntrol of FPGA. Therefore, good programming is needed to be downloaded to FPGA. Then when the program runs, the system will work well. Figure 7 is program flow chart of the whole system. The software system includes LCD d

41、river, UART driver of receiving and sending, ADC driver, USB driver and multiserial control program of FPGA. Seen from the program flow chart in Figure 7, the system begins to work once the start button is pressed. First

42、 of all, init</p><p>　　Figure 7 Program flow chart of the whole system</p><p>　　4 Conclusions</p><p>　　The remote medical monitoring system based on GSM network proposed in this pap

43、er has the following characteristics: (1) It is in a small size and easy to be carried; (2)The modules, including the physiological parameters acquisition modules and GSM module all use lower-cost devices, and provide st

44、andard interfaces. Moreover, remote data transmission is implemented in the form of short messages and no special receiving equipment is needed. Only the ordinary mobile phones can receive the informati</p><p&

45、gt;　　communities. Such a system is not only conducive to the patients of the developed areas to gain the health services, but also good for the patients in poverty-stricken areas to own the necessary medical services, an

46、d ultimately it will form a family medical care network system.</p><p>　　Acknowledgments</p><p>　　The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support by Shanghai – AM Fund under Grant No

47、. 09700714000, and also to acknowledge the Shanghai Innovation Activity Program of University Students under Grant NO. CXSJ08-053.</p><p>　　References</p><p>　　[1] Z. Wei, Y.L. Zhou. “Sending an

48、d receiving short message by TC35i and person computer” . Modern Electronics Technique. 30(15), 188-190 (2007)</p><p>　　[2] Z. Zhao, L. Cui. “A remote health care system based on wireless sensor networks”. I

49、nformation and Control.35(2), 265-269 (2006)</p><p>　　[3] W. Xu, J.Q. Zhuang. “ Siemens TC35 GSM development board ”. Electronic Production. 3, 15-16 (2009)</p><p>　　[4] X.Y. Li ,H.X. Wu. “Stud

50、y of blood pressure telemonitoring based on GSM network ”. Chinese Journal of Medical instrumentation. 27(4), 274-275 (2003)</p><p>　　[5] C.P. Xuan, H. Wang, G.L. Zou. “Sending short messages by GSM wireless

51、 module”. Computer Applications. 24(5), 148-150 (2004)</p><p>　　[6] S.Z. Li, W.G. Zhang, Z. Huang. “Analyse and optimization of non2linear revised circuit for measuring temperature using high precision Pt re

52、sistance”. Industrial Instrumentation & Automation. 1, 26-28 (2005)</p><p>　　基于GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　本文提出一種基于GSM(全球移動通信系統(tǒng))網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。它是一種家庭醫(yī)療網(wǎng)絡(luò)

53、系統(tǒng)。首先，提出了監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)，然后介紹了每個(gè)模塊的設(shè)計(jì)。該系統(tǒng)利用強(qiáng)大的GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)以短消息的形式實(shí)現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)程通信，使用FPGA作為控制中心實(shí)現(xiàn)家庭醫(yī)療監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞： GSM 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 溫度 血壓 心率 FPGA</p><p><b>　　1 介紹</b></p><p>　　隨著生活水平提高和健康意識的

54、逐步改善，人們越來越重視自己的健康狀況，及時(shí)了解和方便檢查自己的健康狀況已成為一個(gè)社會需求。然而，一方面，現(xiàn)在定期體檢將需要大量的時(shí)間和精力到隊(duì)列在醫(yī)院，另一方面，由于時(shí)間和空間的限制，醫(yī)生和相關(guān)的人員不能及時(shí)掌握病人的身體條件，甚至情況會更糟。在這種情況下,創(chuàng)建遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，使病人能夠?qū)⒁恍┲饕碇笜?biāo)和相關(guān)的參數(shù)傳遞給醫(yī)生。但就目前而言，醫(yī)療監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)通常是花費(fèi)巨大的，其中大部分是通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接到主機(jī)電腦實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程通信。此外，這些系

55、統(tǒng)不便攜帶而且成本極高。</p><p>　　在文中，提出了一種基于GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。它可以收集一些生理參數(shù)，如心率、血壓和溫度，并將這些參數(shù)在GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的幫助下傳輸出去。這樣的系統(tǒng)不僅具有低成本、便于攜帶的特點(diǎn)，而且操作方便，可以擴(kuò)展。與此同時(shí)，如果接收器安裝在醫(yī)院里，許多測試可以在家里實(shí)現(xiàn)，使病人更方便知道自己的健康狀態(tài)，并及時(shí)去看醫(yī)生。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)還可以提高現(xiàn)代信息管理和醫(yī)院的工作效率。</p

56、><p><b>　　2 系統(tǒng)概述</b></p><p>　　本文提出了一種基于GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)[2]，包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，如圖1所示。系統(tǒng)是由用戶終端設(shè)備、GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)和醫(yī)院終端設(shè)備組成。GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)只是一個(gè)常用的移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，醫(yī)院終端設(shè)備可以是個(gè)人電腦(與GSM模塊)或其他接收設(shè)備，如醫(yī)生的手機(jī)，而用戶終端設(shè)備用來收集、展示和傳播各種生理參數(shù)。首先

57、，本文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)利用用戶終端設(shè)備來收集各種生理參數(shù)。接下來，將所需的信息通過GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸?shù)结t(yī)院，專業(yè)的醫(yī)務(wù)人員可以密切關(guān)注終端設(shè)備上的數(shù)據(jù)并做出分析。最后，他們可以在GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的幫助下發(fā)送反饋信息給用戶。接下來的段落將重點(diǎn)討論用戶可選終端設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p><b>　　圖1 系統(tǒng)概述</b></p><p>　　3 用戶終端設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)</p

58、><p>　　圖2是用戶終端設(shè)備的系統(tǒng)框圖，包括溫度采集模塊、血壓和心率采集模塊、愛特公司融合系列以FPGA為核心的信息發(fā)送和信息接收模塊——GSM模塊、液晶顯示模塊和擴(kuò)展。在設(shè)計(jì)中，外圍設(shè)備使用UART接口、IO接口和USB接口。FPGA的核心設(shè)計(jì)，是通過UART1接口和IO串行接口控制血壓模塊、心率模塊、溫度采集模塊收集和接收血壓和心率參數(shù)。LCD1602直接與FPGA的IO端口相連，它可以顯示實(shí)時(shí)生理參數(shù)。此外

59、，GSM模塊在UART2 FPGA的控制下發(fā)送相關(guān)信息，實(shí)現(xiàn)生理參數(shù)的遠(yuǎn)程傳輸。</p><p>　　圖2 用戶終端設(shè)備的系統(tǒng)框圖</p><p>　　3.1 核心控制模塊</p><p>　　本文選擇愛特公司融合系列以FPGA為核心的控制模塊。這樣的FPGA模塊具備數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)的特點(diǎn)，包括閃存框架并且成本低廉。其內(nèi)部集成的ADC使用12位逐次逼近技術(shù)，可以通過I

60、O端口直接導(dǎo)入溫度采樣信號進(jìn)入FPGA內(nèi)部進(jìn)行類比。然后，進(jìn)入FPGA內(nèi)的就是數(shù)字信號。</p><p>　　3.2 生理參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊</p><p>　　如圖2所示，數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊是由血壓模塊、心率采集模塊和溫度采集模塊組成。血壓和心率采集模塊由UART1串行通信接口控制，并使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CAS協(xié)議，所以命令幀和數(shù)據(jù)幀的格式符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)議。FPGA可以啟動、停止、接收數(shù)據(jù)和設(shè)置模塊的參數(shù)，

61、血壓和心率的測試是通過UART1接口完成。</p><p>　　圖3是血壓和心率的系統(tǒng)圖模塊[4]的工作原理，便于理解具體工作過程。</p><p>　　被描述的模塊工作原理如下：在測量過程中，一旦發(fā)送“開始”的信號，F(xiàn)PGA模塊開始工作。首先，袖口是自動充氣的壓力空氣閥，充氣直到它到達(dá)在一個(gè)特定的值，接著它開始自動慢慢縮小。靜態(tài)的袖口袖帶內(nèi)的壓力包括壓力和脈沖壓力，這是壓力傳感器，將壓力

62、信號轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號。然后，放大器和濾波器電路處理這些電信號。在那之后，信號分為兩種，一個(gè)是由大量的脈沖組成的脈搏波信號，另一個(gè)是與toDC關(guān)系密切的靜態(tài)袖口壓力信號。這兩個(gè)信號經(jīng)過內(nèi)部芯片的內(nèi)血壓模塊，通過A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器和相應(yīng)算法被再次處理。最后，將有用信號的舒張壓、收縮壓、平均壓力和脈沖并送往FPGA。在放氣的過程中，血壓值決定于脈搏波的振幅變化。這意味著壓力值首先被獲取，然后，舒張壓、收縮壓和脈沖可以通過相應(yīng)的計(jì)算算法計(jì)算得出。<

63、/p><p>　　圖3 血壓和心率模塊的系統(tǒng)框圖</p><p>　　圖4是溫度采集模塊的原理圖，它由一個(gè)高精度鉑電阻PT100和溫度傳感器組成。PT100使用3線方法連接到溫度傳感器，一旦溫度不同，PT100的電阻值會相應(yīng)的改變。溫度傳感器的功能就是將PT100電阻值的變化轉(zhuǎn)化為電流的變化。如果將一個(gè)250歐姆電阻置于陽極和陰極之間，電流變化可以轉(zhuǎn)換為電壓的變化。最后，OUT+連接到IO串

64、行端口，OUT-接地，則溫度信號的采集完成。</p><p>　　圖4 溫度采集模塊原理圖</p><p><b>　　3.3擴(kuò)展模塊</b></p><p>　　在FPGA中，還有很多擴(kuò)展模塊，例如USB接口、IO接口端口、UART接口、串行IO端口和數(shù)字IO接口端口。此外，三個(gè)主要接口已經(jīng)包括在FPGA。如果需要，這些模塊和傳感器模塊可以

65、連接不同的接口。</p><p><b>　　3.4 GSM模塊</b></p><p>　　GSM的核心模塊是西門子TC35，如圖5所示。FPGA與GSM模塊和控制它的UART2串行通信接口。西門子TC35包含射頻電路和基帶電路，提供用戶標(biāo)準(zhǔn)命令接口進(jìn)行音頻、短信息和傳真的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，快速、可靠且安全[1]。它將方便用戶的應(yīng)用開發(fā)和設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)試。</p>&

66、lt;p>　　圖5 GSM模塊TC35框圖</p><p>　　GSM模塊TC35的框圖[3]是如圖5所示。模塊主要功能模塊包括GSM基帶處理器、GSM無線供電ASIC、flash、ZIF連接器和天線連接器。在GSM設(shè)備中，GSM基帶處理器處理所有的音頻信號和日期。內(nèi)部軟件運(yùn)行控制應(yīng)用程序接口和整個(gè)GSM協(xié)議棧，UART形式的接口用于連接移動設(shè)備。模塊配有40-pin ZIP連接器，應(yīng)用于連接移動設(shè)備。模

67、塊包含以下接口：電力供應(yīng)ASIC，數(shù)據(jù)接口RS232，音頻接口，SIM接口等等。無線設(shè)備作為GSM一部分用作收發(fā)器。本文介紹的TC35僅用于發(fā)送和接收短消息。實(shí)際上，TC35的輸入/輸出接口是一個(gè)串行異步收發(fā)器，這符合ITU-T RS232接口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并且支持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的命令集，如果有人想使用漢字發(fā)送短信則需要PDU編碼[5]。因此，接收方應(yīng)該具備相應(yīng)的解碼模塊。GSM模塊的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程如圖6所示。</p><p>　　圖

68、6 GSM模塊的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程</p><p>　　3.5系統(tǒng)功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)</p><p>　　FPGA控制系統(tǒng)功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此，編好的程序需要下載到FPGA中。當(dāng)程序運(yùn)行時(shí)，系統(tǒng)將按照程序指令進(jìn)行工作。圖7是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的程序流程圖。系統(tǒng)軟件包括液晶驅(qū)動程序，接收和發(fā)送的UART推動程序，ADC驅(qū)動程序，USB驅(qū)動程序和控制FPGA的程序。程序流程圖如圖7所示，一旦開始按鈕被按下，系統(tǒng)開始工作

69、。首先，初始化是必要的，包括初始化液晶顯示、UART和ADC，閃存的ADC FPGA內(nèi)部也需要初始化配置。接下來，F(xiàn)PGA通過UART1接口發(fā)送命令到血壓模塊和心率模塊，模塊開始工作，交付實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)包。然后，F(xiàn)PFA使用中斷方式從UART1接口接收數(shù)據(jù)包。同時(shí)，F(xiàn)PGA通過IO接口端口收集溫度信息。這些實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)將通過LCD1602顯示。最后，測試完成后FPGA將發(fā)出相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記信號，系統(tǒng)將準(zhǔn)備發(fā)送或接收短信。FPGA控制GSM模塊的操作通過

70、UART2接口端口，如果短信成功,系統(tǒng)將檢測按鈕按下的狀態(tài)，一旦重新開始按鈕被按下,系統(tǒng)將重新開始。</p><p>　　圖7 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的程序流程圖</p><p><b>　　4 結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　基于GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)具有以下特點(diǎn)：（1）體積小，容易攜帶；（2）模塊，包括生理參數(shù)采集模塊和GSM模塊都使用低成本

71、的設(shè)備，并提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口；此外，遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)傳輸以短消息的形式實(shí)現(xiàn)，不需要特殊的接收設(shè)備，只要有普通的手機(jī)就可以接收信息，這使得成本更低；（3）只需一個(gè)按鈕就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)所有的控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)一鍵式操作模式，所以它更易于使用；（4）系統(tǒng)還有許多擴(kuò)展模塊，例如USB接口、UART接口端口、模擬和數(shù)字IO端口等模塊，這使得它可以添加其他傳感器。該設(shè)計(jì)也可以廣泛用于遠(yuǎn)程治療和一般的調(diào)查社區(qū)，這樣的系統(tǒng)不僅有利于發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的病人獲得醫(yī)療服務(wù)，也有利于貧困地區(qū)的患

72、者擁有必要的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，并最終將形成一個(gè)家庭醫(yī)療網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。</p><p><b>　　鳴謝</b></p><p>　　作者要感謝上?！穑ㄅ鷾?zhǔn)號09700714000）和上海大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新活動計(jì)劃（批準(zhǔn)號cxsj08 – 053）的財(cái)政支持。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p

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74、. “西門子TC35 GSM發(fā)展協(xié)會”. 電子制作. 3, 15-16 (2009)</p><p>　　[4] X.Y. Li , H.X. Wu. “基于GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程控制血壓的研究”. 中國醫(yī)療器械雜志. 27(4), 274-275 (2003)</p><p>　　[5] C.P. Xuan, H. Wang, G.L. Zou. “GSM無線模塊發(fā)送短消息”. 計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用&l