機(jī)械專業(yè)外文翻譯----細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸加工工藝

1、<p><b>　　本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p><b>　　（本科畢業(yè)論文）</b></p><p><b>　　外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文</b></p><p>　　文獻(xiàn)、資料題目：The Processing Of Slender Shaft</p><p>　　

2、文獻(xiàn)、資料來(lái)源：期刊（著作、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等）</p><p>　　文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期：2010.7</p><p>　　院 （部）： 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院</p><p>　　專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化</p><p>　　班 級(jí)： </p><p><b>　　姓 名： </b>&

3、lt;/p><p><b>　　學(xué) 號(hào)： </b></p><p><b>　　指導(dǎo)教師： </b></p><p><b>　　翻譯日期： </b></p><p><b>　　外文文獻(xiàn)：　</b></p><p>　　T

4、he Processing Of Slender Shaft </p><p>　　Diameter and length which is more than 1:20 called the slender shaft axiso In cutting force,cutting heat and the effects of vibration,the slender transverse axis bend

5、ing easily lose their accuracy,therefore,Turning to reverse progress,when we use the center rest and follower rest reasonably,in addition to the best tool geometric parameters,cutting the amount of a series of effective

6、technological measures,we can achieve the processing requirements.</p><p>　　Mechanical analysis is carried out to the deformation of workpiece when turning slender shafts in the normal and reversed direction

7、 under two different conditions of clamping.Mathematical models are set up for the calculation of bending deformation resulting from cutting force.An example is given to show that bending deformation and the resulting ma

8、chining error in conditions of reversed turning is much less than that in normal turning.The result has been verified by experiments.</p><p>　　Due to the high length-to-diameter ratio of slender shaft,workpi

9、ece flexural deformation and vibration are frequently encountered during cylindrical turning of slender shaft. Thus, turning slender shaft is still a well-known difficult technical problem. Today, this problem is solved

10、basically by empirical workmanship of the operator. This results in the fact that a demanding technical level of the lathe operator is essential for turning of slender shaft. And the productivity is very low.</p>

11、<p>　　In order to solve the problem of slender shaft that generate bending deformation and impact seriously on processing quality due to a big slenderness ratio,poor rigidity and turning forces,the method of slender

12、 shaft manufacturing with double-tool turning in lathe is introduced.The model is built based on elementary theory of beam.The lateral displacement of slender shaft is ansysed utilizing finite element(FE) method</p>

13、;<p>　　The high precision slender shafts are used very widely in various precision machine equipments and apparatus,but its processing is very complicated,and has uncertain precision and low efficiency.Based on th

14、e adaptive control system, the system to processing the slender shafts with high precision and efficiency under the NC environment was put forward,which can process diversified slender shafts with various precisions.<

15、/p><p>　　Turning of slender shaft is difficulty in mechanical processing.The theoretical formula of machining error in turning of slender shaft is derived.The error distributing graph is obtained by computing.T

16、he research provides theoretical references for predict machining error in turning of slender shaft.</p><p>　　The processing characteristics of the slender shaft: ① the Hardness of the slender shaft is poo

17、r,when Improper turning is Incorrect, It is easy for the role of cutting force and gravity generated bending deformation, vibration, thus affecting the machining accuracy and surface roughness.② The thermal diffusion of

18、Slender Shaft is poor ,Under the action of the cutting heat resulting considerable expansion of the line,If a fixed support at both ends of the shaft, the workpiece will stretch and b</p><p>　　This paper dis

19、cussed the influencing factors of machining accuracy of slender shaft,and put forward some measures of improving the machining accuracy from the aspects of instal-lation way,cutting tool angle,cutting parameters and new

20、processing methods.</p><p>　　We explore through practice, using a variety of turning devices. such as three-bearing block with the knife, flexible active thimble, pads, bearing bracket,we can use Turning by

21、reverse feeding with the best tool geometry Parameters, cutting and a series of effective measures. It improves the stiffness of fine long axis and to meet the processing requirements so that the processing of the slende

22、r shaft is more be better, the surface roughness will be Ra3.2 above, the taper length of 4m error in</p><p>　　The characteristic of slender shaft processing and the cause of its deformation together with t

23、he solutions were analyzed and proposed for improving the quality of the slender shaft processing technology.</p><p><b>　　中文譯文：</b></p><p><b>　　細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸加工工藝</b></p><

24、;p>　　直徑與長(zhǎng)度之比大于1:20的軸稱為細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸。在切削力、切削熱和振動(dòng)的作用下,橫置的細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸很容易彎曲變形而喪失精度,因此,采用反向進(jìn)給車削,配合中心架和跟刀架的合理使用,加之以最佳的刀具幾何參數(shù)、切削用量等一系列有效的工藝措施,就可以達(dá)到加工要求。</p><p>　　針對(duì)軸的車削加工,分別對(duì)在2種不同裝夾條件下進(jìn)行正向切削和逆向切削時(shí)的工件變形進(jìn)行了力學(xué)分析,建立了在切削力作用下產(chǎn)生彎曲變形的解析模

25、型。具體算例表明:逆向切削時(shí)工件的彎曲變形以及由此引起的加工誤差遠(yuǎn)小于同等條件下正向切削的變形和誤差</p><p>　　車削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸時(shí),由于長(zhǎng)徑比大,在切削力作用下會(huì)產(chǎn)生彎曲變形與振動(dòng),故細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的車削加工目前仍是一個(gè)工藝難題。當(dāng)前該問(wèn)題的解決主要靠操作者的經(jīng)驗(yàn),因此對(duì)工人的技術(shù)水平要求很高,且效率很低.</p><p>　　為了解決細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸零件由于長(zhǎng)徑比大、剛性差,受切削力作用易產(chǎn)生彎曲變形

26、,嚴(yán)重影響加工質(zhì)量的問(wèn)題,提出了雙車刀同時(shí)切削的方法,運(yùn)用梁理論建立模型,采用有限元法分析了細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的橫向位移;經(jīng)實(shí)踐得出,雙刀車削方法能有效的提高加工精度和車削工作效率,降低單位能耗;并介紹了刀具安裝難點(diǎn)與解決方法。</p><p>　　高精度細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸在精密機(jī)械設(shè)備和儀器儀表中使用很多。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有加工手段存在工序復(fù)雜、精度不易保證、加工效率低下等缺點(diǎn),提出了基于自適應(yīng)控制思想的高精度細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸高效數(shù)控加工系統(tǒng)的解決方案。

27、采用該系統(tǒng)可以很方便高效地加工出各種高精度細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸。在控制好數(shù)控隨動(dòng)支架的位移精度和檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的精度的前提下,還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)超高精度、超長(zhǎng)細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的高效自動(dòng)加工。</p><p>　　細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的車削加工是機(jī)械加工中的難點(diǎn),在理論上推導(dǎo)出了車削細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸時(shí)產(chǎn)生的加工誤差公式,通過(guò)計(jì)算得到了誤差的分布曲線圖,為正確地預(yù)測(cè)加工誤差提供了理論上的依據(jù)。</p><p>　　超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸車削的工藝特點(diǎn)：①超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸剛性很

28、差，車削時(shí)裝夾不當(dāng)，很容易因切削力及重力的作用而產(chǎn)生彎曲變形，產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)，從而影響加工精度和表面粗糙度。②超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的熱擴(kuò)散性能差，在切削熱作用下，會(huì)產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)?shù)牡木€膨脹。如果軸的兩端為固定支承，則工件會(huì)因伸長(zhǎng)而頂彎。③由于軸較長(zhǎng)，一次走刀時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，刀具磨損大，從而影響零件的幾何形狀精度.④車超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸時(shí)由于使用跟刀架，若支承工件的兩個(gè)支承塊對(duì)零件壓力不適當(dāng)，會(huì)影響加工精度。若壓力過(guò)大或不接觸，就不起作用，不能提高零件的剛度，若壓力過(guò)大，零件被壓

29、向車刀，切削深度增加，車出的直徑就小，當(dāng)跟刀架繼續(xù)移動(dòng)后，支承塊支承在小直徑外圓處，支承塊與工件脫離，切削李使工件向外讓開(kāi)，切削深度減小，車出的直徑變大，以后跟刀架又跟到大直徑園上，又把工件壓向車刀，使車出的直徑變小，這樣連續(xù)有規(guī)律的變化，就會(huì)把細(xì)長(zhǎng)的工件車成“竹節(jié)”形。造成機(jī)床、工件、刀具工藝系統(tǒng)的剛性不良給切削加工帶來(lái)困難，不易獲得良好的表面粗糙度和幾何精度。</p><p>　　討論了影響細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸加工精度的因

30、素并從裝夾方式、刀具角度、切削用量,以及新加工方法等方面闡述了提高細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸加工精度的措施。</p><p>　　我們?cè)趯?shí)踐中，經(jīng)過(guò)不斷摸索，采用各種車削裝置：如三支承塊跟刀架、彈性活絡(luò)頂針、墊塊、托架支承，車削中采用反向進(jìn)給車削，配合以最佳的刀具幾何參數(shù)、切削用量。等一系列有效措施。提高了超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸的剛性，滿足了加工要求，使的加工的超細(xì)長(zhǎng)軸效果良好，表面粗糙度達(dá)到Ra3.2以上，錐度誤差在工件全長(zhǎng)4m中僅0.04mm