煤礦安全管理要素探討外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1、<p>　　煤礦安全管理要素探討</p><p><b>　　李 俊</b></p><p>　　(山西焦煤集團(tuán)有限責(zé)任公司,太原030024)</p><p>　　摘要:通過對(duì)煤礦安全管理要素的分析強(qiáng)調(diào)了以人為本的安全管理思路,針對(duì)目前煤礦安全管理中存在的一些誤區(qū),結(jié)合企業(yè)實(shí)際和其它煤炭企業(yè)管理經(jīng)驗(yàn), 以及安全管理要素相互作用的理論

2、,提出了以“人”為本、以“物”?！叭恕薄⒁浴碍h(huán)境”影響“人”的管理方法和工作措施。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞:煤礦安全管理; 要素分析;以人為本</p><p><b>　　0 引言</b></p><p>　　安全是煤炭企業(yè)永恒的主題。煤礦安全生產(chǎn)關(guān)系職工生命安全, 關(guān)系煤炭工業(yè)健康發(fā)展, 關(guān)系社會(huì)穩(wěn)定大局。實(shí)現(xiàn)煤礦安全生產(chǎn)是落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

3、的必須要求, 是構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的重要內(nèi)容。但近些年全國(guó)發(fā)生的幾起大的煤礦安全事故說明了煤礦安全生產(chǎn)的形勢(shì)依然嚴(yán)峻, 安全管理中存在的問題仍十分尖銳。因此, 有必要也必須尋求一種更科學(xué)更有效的安全管理方法來解決安全生產(chǎn)中的突出問題, 確保職工的生命安全和企業(yè)的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。</p><p>　　1. 煤礦安全管理概念簡(jiǎn)述</p><p>　　煤礦安全管理就是對(duì)煤礦安全生產(chǎn)相關(guān)要素和過程

4、進(jìn)行計(jì)劃、組織、協(xié)調(diào)和控制的一系列活動(dòng), 以保障職工在生產(chǎn)過程中的生命安全, 保證生產(chǎn)工作的順利開展, 保護(hù)國(guó)家和集體的財(cái)產(chǎn)不受損失。由于煤礦生產(chǎn)、管理工作中時(shí)時(shí)處處都與安全相聯(lián)系,因此安全管理應(yīng)該是全面的、全員的和全過程的, 是煤礦所有管理工作的核心。</p><p>　　2 煤礦安全管理要素分析</p><p>　　管理要素是指管理活動(dòng)和過程必不可少的組成部分。從煤礦安全管理的活動(dòng)和過

5、程看, 煤礦安全管理的要素主要包括人、物、環(huán)境三大要素。人是指員工的本體、意識(shí)和行為;物包括工程、設(shè)備、材料等硬件和技術(shù)、工藝、流程等軟件兩個(gè)方面;環(huán)境也包括硬件環(huán)境和軟件環(huán)境兩個(gè)方面, 硬件環(huán)境指由裝備、技術(shù)等構(gòu)成的生產(chǎn)、工作環(huán)境, 軟件環(huán)境指由安全文化、宣傳教育等構(gòu)成的思想文化氛圍。在人、物、環(huán)境諸因素中,人是最積極的因素,人既是安全管理的主體,也是安全管理的客體, 同時(shí)也是安全管理的直接目的-人的安全。而人的安全從狹義的角度也可以

6、說是安全事故的承受者-決大部分生產(chǎn)一線員工的生命安全。</p><p>　　3 以人為本的安全管理思想</p><p>　　以人為本的管理思想是現(xiàn)代管理理念的主旋律。以人為本的管理是指任何管理都要以人為中心, 把提高人的素質(zhì)、處理人際關(guān)系、滿足人的需要、調(diào)動(dòng)人的主動(dòng)性、積極性、創(chuàng)造性的工作放在首位。因此在煤礦企業(yè)進(jìn)行安全管理的時(shí)候,必須堅(jiān)持以安全管理的主、客體, 對(duì)安全管理起著主導(dǎo)性作用的

7、因素-人為根本, 立足于自身的意識(shí)、素質(zhì)、能力的提高, 通過對(duì)外部其它管理要素物和環(huán)境的組織和控制影響作用與人, 從而實(shí)現(xiàn)安全生產(chǎn)。從安全管理的最直接的目的-人的安全來看, 安全管理中的“以人為本”管理思想應(yīng)更多地傾向于生產(chǎn)一線的員工。</p><p>　　4. 以人為本的安全管理方法和具體工作</p><p>　　從以人為本的管理思想和人、物、環(huán)境三要素相互作用的理論出發(fā),研究安全管理的

8、思路和方法, 尤其是對(duì)生產(chǎn)一線職工的安全管理,應(yīng)該從以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行。</p><p><b>　　4. 1以人為本</b></p><p>　　從提高職工安全意識(shí)和技能素質(zhì)以及建立健全有效的監(jiān)督約束機(jī)制方面進(jìn)行研究,使員工在自身和外界約束下保證安全行為, 進(jìn)而保證人的安全。</p><p>　　1．職工安全意識(shí)的提高是根本.以人為本的安全管理

9、是從職工是心理、意識(shí)、情緒、性格等方面入手,激發(fā)職工的主動(dòng)管理性。加大對(duì)職工“安全第一”安全意識(shí)的宣傳和教育，通過媒體、宣傳、教育等方法注重提高職工對(duì)安全重要性和必要性的認(rèn)識(shí)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)安全事故案例的學(xué)習(xí),做到警鐘長(zhǎng)鳴。針對(duì)最近發(fā)生的煤礦安全事故,及時(shí)開展全員事故反思學(xué)習(xí),舉一反三,在分析事故產(chǎn)生原因的同時(shí),通過事故教訓(xùn)從思想上對(duì)職工進(jìn)行再教育。</p><p>　　2．職工技能素質(zhì)的提高是基礎(chǔ)。繼續(xù)加大職工培訓(xùn)教育

10、力度,加強(qiáng)培訓(xùn)基地的建設(shè),在堅(jiān)持單位自身培訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上,可以同煤炭院校進(jìn)行合作,借鑒煤炭院校建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),也可借院校平臺(tái)來加強(qiáng)對(duì)職工的正規(guī)培訓(xùn)力度。</p><p>　　3．有效的監(jiān)督激勵(lì)管理機(jī)制是保證。在職工有了足夠的自我安全意識(shí)和業(yè)務(wù)技能素質(zhì),能夠自發(fā)地良好地履行崗位安全職責(zé)的同時(shí),還應(yīng)制定相應(yīng)的激勵(lì)、約束、管理機(jī)制來使職工的這種安全行為、安全意識(shí)堅(jiān)持下來。首先，加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)崗位責(zé)任制的落實(shí)和考核,針對(duì)不同的工種制

11、定安全生產(chǎn)崗位責(zé)任制,使每個(gè)崗位的職工都明確各自崗位的安全職責(zé),簽訂安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任狀,按照責(zé)任輕重和所擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),實(shí)行工效掛鉤、績(jī)效考核。其次，借鑒潞安集團(tuán)安全管理經(jīng)驗(yàn), 推行職工個(gè)人安全檔案管理。建立職工個(gè)人安全行為檔案、職工培訓(xùn)教育檔案、職工家庭情況檔案。通過三個(gè)檔案統(tǒng)一管理,及時(shí)全面掌握職工的情況和思想動(dòng)態(tài),排查安全薄弱人物,對(duì)各類職工根據(jù)不同情況,采取不同措施, 確保職工的安全行為和安全思想。最后，注重通過職工家屬對(duì)職工的安全行為進(jìn)行

12、激勵(lì)和約束, 以家庭幸福、親情感化激勵(lì)來提高職工搞好安全生產(chǎn)的自覺性和主動(dòng)性。</p><p><b>　　4. 2 以物保人</b></p><p>　　加大安全投入力度,推行安全生產(chǎn)一體化管理、安全機(jī)電一體化管理、安全技術(shù)一體化管理,狠抓安全費(fèi)用工程、裝備升級(jí)、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等工作,以先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)、裝備、技術(shù)等為職工的安全提供強(qiáng)有力的保障。</p><

13、p>　　1．全力推進(jìn)安全費(fèi)用工程的完成。安全費(fèi)用工程項(xiàng)目的施工隊(duì)伍要通過招投標(biāo)來確定,爭(zhēng)取讓高素質(zhì)、高水準(zhǔn)、高資質(zhì)的隊(duì)伍來組織施工。狠抓工程的施工組織和管理,積極協(xié)調(diào)解決施工過程中出現(xiàn)的各種問題,保證各項(xiàng)工程按進(jìn)度計(jì)劃安排正常施工。與施工單位簽訂工程責(zé)任狀, 嚴(yán)格過程考核和竣工驗(yàn)收, 確保工程的高質(zhì)量、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)投產(chǎn)。</p><p>　　2.繼續(xù)加大裝備升級(jí)的力度。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)一通三防、防治水、瓦斯治理等安全重點(diǎn)

14、方面設(shè)備的更新和升級(jí)。全方位引進(jìn)高科技、現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備,逐步以科技和信息為主導(dǎo), 作為裝備升級(jí)的手段和目的。</p><p>　　3.加快技術(shù)的引進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新步伐推行安全技術(shù)一體化管理. 利用科技化、信息化的手段對(duì)人、物、環(huán)境的安全狀態(tài)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和調(diào)整,不斷優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、優(yōu)化程序、優(yōu)化工藝, 保持安全最佳狀態(tài)。</p><p>　　4.3 以環(huán)境影響人</p><p>　　積極

15、探索“環(huán)控”的理論,從生產(chǎn)工作的硬件環(huán)境和思想文化的軟件環(huán)境兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究,在為職工創(chuàng)造良好的工作環(huán)境和安全氛圍的同時(shí)對(duì)職工的安全行為進(jìn)行影響和控制。</p><p>　　1. 狠抓質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè), 創(chuàng)造安全生產(chǎn)的硬環(huán)境。突出以人為本,強(qiáng)化基礎(chǔ)裝備、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、基礎(chǔ)資料的建設(shè),保證質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)運(yùn)作和動(dòng)態(tài)達(dá)標(biāo),使安全生產(chǎn)時(shí)刻保持在良好的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。抓好現(xiàn)場(chǎng)管理是基礎(chǔ)，抓好班組建設(shè)是關(guān)鍵，有效的監(jiān)督管理機(jī)制是

16、促進(jìn)，軍事化管理的推行是有效手段。</p><p>　　2. 狠抓重大隱患的排查治理。通過對(duì)一通三防、防治水、安全供電、小煤窯治理等重大安全隱患的排查治理,使安全生產(chǎn)硬環(huán)境的安全系數(shù)不斷提高。制定安全隱患排查專項(xiàng)治理方案, 尤其是一通三防、防治水、安全供電、瓦斯煤塵治理、小煤窯治理等重大安全隱患的排查治理必須制定專項(xiàng)治理方案, 明確工作目標(biāo)、職責(zé)、措施并嚴(yán)格落實(shí)。同時(shí)，不斷增強(qiáng)對(duì)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的監(jiān)控力，逐步形成對(duì)薄弱地

17、點(diǎn)、薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、薄弱時(shí)間的重點(diǎn)監(jiān)控, 及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和消除薄弱點(diǎn)。</p><p>　　3. 狠抓安全文化建設(shè), 創(chuàng)造安全生產(chǎn)的軟環(huán)境。通過建立形象化的安全文化, 營(yíng)造良好的安全生產(chǎn)氛圍,從思想、心理、意識(shí)的層面對(duì)職工進(jìn)行潛移默化影響和管理。</p><p><b>　　5 結(jié)束語</b></p><p>　　堅(jiān)持以人為本的管理思想,在提高職工個(gè)人的自

18、主安全意識(shí)和技能的前提下,加大對(duì)物的投入和環(huán)境的創(chuàng)造,為安全創(chuàng)造良好的基礎(chǔ)和氛圍的同時(shí)反作用于人,使職工在自身需求和外界激勵(lì)約束下時(shí)刻保證自己的安全行為和狀態(tài)。只要每一個(gè)職工都能時(shí)刻保證安全,企業(yè)的安全發(fā)展將順理成章。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p>　　[1] 李湖生,姜傳勝, 劉鐵民. 重大危機(jī)事件應(yīng)急關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題及其研究進(jìn)展[ J]

19、. 中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù),2008, 4( 5)</p><p>　　[2]劉鐵民. 危機(jī)型突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)與挑戰(zhàn). 中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù), 2010, 6( 1) </p><p>　　[3]鄧云峰,鄭雙忠, 劉鐵民. 突發(fā)災(zāi)害應(yīng)急能力評(píng)估及應(yīng)急特點(diǎn)[ J]. 中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù), 2005, 1( 5)</p><p>　　[4]羅艾民,多英全, 魏利軍. 隱患治

20、理及研究[ J]. 中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù), 2009, 5( 4)</p><p>　　[5]劉鐵民.安全生產(chǎn)工作體系建設(shè)[ J]. 中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù), 2008, 4( 5): 57</p><p>　　Coalmine safety management factors is discussed</p><p><b>　　LI Jun</b

21、></p><p>　　( ShanxiCokingCoalCo., Ltd., Taiyuan030024, China)</p><p>　　Abstract: This article through to the coal mine safety management of the elements of the analysis emphasizes the people-

22、oriented safety management ideas, and aiming at the coal mine safety management exists some pitfalls, according to enterprise reality and other coal enterprise management experience, and interaction of safety management

23、elements theory, put forward a man, based on the thingcover man, with environment impact personmanagement method and work method.</p><p>　　Keywords: coalmine safety management; analysis of elements; people f

24、irst</p><p>　　0 Introduction</p><p>　　Safety is the eternal theme in coal enterprise. Coal mine safety production relates to worker life safety, social stability and healthy development of the

25、coal industry. To realize the coal mine safety production is to implement the scientific concept of development necessary request, is the construction socialism harmonious society's important content. But in recent y

26、ears the national happened a few up big coal mine safety accidents illustrate the coal mine safety production situation is still </p><p>　　Concept briefly of the management of coal mine safety </p>&l

27、t;p>　　Coal mine safety management is to the coal mine safety production related elements and process planning, organization, coordination and control of a series of activities which guarantee a worker in production pr

28、ocess of life safety, ensure the production work smoothly, protect national and collective property do not suffer loss. Due to the coal mine production and management work everywhere are associated with safety, so safety

29、 management should be comprehensive, all of our employees and whole p</p><p>　　2. The management of coal mine safety factor analysis</p><p>　　Management’s elements is refers to the indispensable

30、 part of management activities and process. Reference to the activities and processes of coal mine safety management, coal mine safety management elements include three elements: man, objects and environment. Man refers

31、to the staff's ontology, consciousness and behavior; The things including two aspects, part of it is hardware such as engineering, equipment, materials and so on; the other part is software as technology, process, et

32、c ; The envi</p><p>　　3. Human-oriented safety management thought</p><p>　　The idea of human-oriented management is a modern management philosophy theme. The people-oriented management refers to

33、 any management should be a center with the person. To improve the person's quality, interpersonal relationships, to meet the needs of the people, to arouse people's initiative, enthusiasm, creative work ，meanwhi

34、le, be a prime concern. Therefore, in the coal mining enterprises to carry out safety management, we must adhere to the man as the fundamental, based on their own consci</p><p>　　4. Human-oriented safety man

35、agement method and concrete work</p><p>　　To research safety management ideas and methods should be based on the "human-oriented" management idea and man, objects, environment, this three factor in

36、teraction theory. Especially, safety management of the workers on the production line should be carried out from the following three aspects.</p><p>　　4.1 Human-oriented</p><p>　　"Human-ori

37、ented" should from improve worker safety consciousness and skills as well as to establish the effective supervision and restraint mechanism be studied, so that employees ensure safe behavior in the internal and exte

38、rnal constraints, so as to guarantee the security of the person.</p><p>　　1. Employee security awareness is essential. The people-oriented safety management arouses the worker's active management from em

39、ployee psychological consciousness, emotion, personality, and other aspects. We should intensify the worker "safety first" safety publicity and education, through the media, publicity, education and other metho

40、ds to improve the safety of staff on the importance and necessity of understanding. Company draw lessons from the recent coal mine safety accidents and in time c</p><p>　　2. Improving workers' skills is

41、the foundation of quality. The company will continue to increase staff training and education, strengthen the training base construction, adhere to the unit's own training as the basis, with the coal institutes coope

42、ration, draw lessons from coal colleges construction experience, can also be learning platform to strengthen workers on the formal training.</p><p>　　3. the workers have enough self safety awareness and busi

43、ness skills and can the ability to spontaneously good performance the post's safety responsibility at the same time, the company also should establish corresponding incentive, constraint, management mechanism to staf

44、f insist this safety behavior, safety consciousness. First of all, the company should strengthen the implementation and evaluation of safety production responsibility system, aim at different types the development of saf

45、e produ</p><p>　　4.2 Based on the thingcover man</p><p>　　That in order to provide strong safeguard for worker’s safety should increase the management of safety investment, safety production int

46、egration，security, security technology of mechanical and electrical integration, also firm catch safe cost engineering, equipment upgrade, technological innovation and so on.</p><p>　　1. To promote completio

47、n the safety cost engineering. Safety cost project construction team through the bidding to determine, and project try to be organized by the high quality, high standard, high qualified team. The major persons-in-charge

48、of the project should pay close attention to project construction organization and management, and actively coordinate and solve the construction problems appeared in the process, which ensure that each project accordin

49、g to the project schedule can be norm</p><p>　　2. Continue to increase the strength of equipment upgrade. We will focus on strengthening the prevention and control of a three proofing, water, gas control and

50、 security key aspects and equipment update and upgrade. The means and purpose which all-round import high-tech and modern equipment, and gradually by the technology and information as the leading factor aim to upgrade eq

51、uipments.</p><p>　　3. To speed up the introduction of technology and innovative step implement safety technology integration management. We use technology, the information means to monitor and adjust people,

52、 goods, environment safety. Meanwhile, to keep maintain security in best state constantly optimize design, program, process. </p><p>　　4.3 Environmental influence people</p><p>　　Actively explo

53、re "ring control" theory, from the production of hardware environment and thought culture software environment this two aspects researching, influence and control the worker's safety behavior and create a g

54、ood working environment and safety atmosphere at the same time.</p><p>　　1. Ensure the quality, standardized construct and create the safe product hardware. Which highlight the people-oriented, strengthen ba

55、sed equipment, infrastructure and basic material of construction and ensure the quality standardized work the high standard operation and dynamic target make the safe production keep in good condition at every time. Pays

56、 special attention to the site management is a foundation, pays special attention to the team construction is the key, the effective supervise mec</p><p>　　2. Vigorously promote traffic management of the gre

57、at hidden trouble. Through managing a three proofing, prevention and control of water, safe power supply and major security hidden danger of small coal mines, safety coefficient of safety product will be constant improve

58、d. To make safety hidden trouble regularly special control scheme, especially a three proofing, prevent and control water, safe power supply, manage gas and dust, small coal mines and other major security hidden dangers

59、spent sho</p><p>　　3 .Vigorously promote the construction of safety culture, create the soft of environment safe production. Through establishing visualization safety culture, we should create a good atmosph

60、ere of safety production, subtle influence and manage the worker from the thought, psychology and consciousness.</p><p>　　5. Summary</p><p>　　Adhering the people-centered management thinking whi

61、ch improve worker individual independent safety awareness and skill premise, increase the content’s input and the environment’s create and security create a good foundation and the atmosphere at the same time reacted in

62、person, make the worker’s safety behavior and state under in keeping with their own needs and Outside incentive and constraint. As long as each worker can constant ensure safe, the safety of the enterprise development wi

63、ll be lo</p><p>　　References</p><p>　　[1] LI Hu-sheng, JIANG Chuan-sheng, LIU Tie-min. The key scientific problems and research progress of major crisis emergencies response.[ J]. Journal of Saf

64、ety Science and Technology, 2008, 4(5)</p><p>　　[2] LIU Tie-min. Crisis type emergency response and challenges. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2010, 6(1)</p><p>　　[3] DENG Yun-feng, Z

65、HENG Shuang-zhong, LIU Tie-min.Reviewof disaster capability assessment and emergency system[ J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology. 2005, 1(5)</p><p>　　[4] LUO Ai-min, DUO Ying-quan, WEI Li-jun. Manag

66、ement and investigation of accident potential[ J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology.2009, 5(4) </p><p>　　[5] LIU Tie-min. Work system construction for work safety [ J]. Journal of Safety Science and

67、Technology, 2008, 4(5)</p><p>　　注：考生屬哪種類別請(qǐng)劃“√”</p><p>　　（博士、在校碩士、工程碩士、同等學(xué)力、研究生班，自主單招）</p><p>　　遼 寧 工 程 技 術(shù) 大 學(xué)</p><p>　　研 究 生 考 試 試 卷</p><p>　　考 試 時(shí) 間：

68、 </p><p>　　考 試 科 目： </p><p>　　考 生 姓 名： 段文杰 </p><p>　　評(píng) 卷 人： </p><p&

69、gt;　　考 試 分 數(shù)： </p><p><b>　　注　意　事　項(xiàng)</b></p><p>　　1.考前研究生將上述項(xiàng)目填寫清楚</p><p>　　2.字跡要清楚，保持卷面整潔</p><p>　　3.試題、試卷一齊交監(jiān)考教師</p><p