英本畢業(yè)論文-《愛麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境》中青少年的冒險(xiǎn)精神

1、<p>　　《愛麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境》中青少年的冒險(xiǎn)精神</p><p>　　On the Adventure Spirits of Adolescents in Alice in Wonderland</p><p><b>　　by</b></p><p><b>　　Li Han</b></p>&l

2、t;p><b>　　A Thesis</b></p><p>　　Submitted to School of Foreign Language of</p><p>　　Shangqiu University</p><p>　　in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree

3、of</p><p>　　Bachelor of Arts</p><p>　　Supervised</p><p><b>　　by</b></p><p>　　Li Yanfang</p><p><b>　　May, 2017</b></p><p&

4、gt;<b>　　7</b></p><p><b>　　摘 要 </b></p><p>　　從《愛麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境》中分析冒險(xiǎn),是一個(gè)實(shí)用性與趣味性相結(jié)合的話題，中美兩國動(dòng)畫片在主題選擇、人物塑造、動(dòng)作安排等方面都有著很大的差異,這其中折射著中美文化不同的價(jià)值觀念和價(jià)值追求。</p><p>　　動(dòng)畫片作為一個(gè)獨(dú)特的影片

5、種類，以其卡通的影像元素、童心童趣的情感展現(xiàn)、天馬行空的想象空間，在全世界備受各年齡層的觀眾的歡迎。作為文化傳播的重要載體，它可以使觀眾在輕松搞笑的氛圍中潛移默化地接受創(chuàng)作者所要表達(dá)的目的。</p><p>　　因此，本文通過對(duì)風(fēng)靡西方以及中國熱播的動(dòng)畫電影的實(shí)力分析，闡述了中美文化差異在中美動(dòng)畫電影中的具體體現(xiàn)，并系統(tǒng)研究了中美文化差異的具體原因。所以，不同意識(shí)形態(tài)的國家創(chuàng)作的動(dòng)畫片，有著相當(dāng)明顯的文化差異。&

6、lt;/p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：動(dòng)畫電影；中美文化；差異</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　Analyzing the differences between Chinese and American cultures through the vision of cartoon movies is a top

7、ic that combined practicality with interest. There are great differences in theme selection, character and action arrangement between Chinese and American cartoon movies, which reflect different values and pursuits betwe

8、en Chinese and American cultures.</p><p>　　As a unique movie category, cartoon movies are still widely spread among audiences at all ages, with its cartoon image elements, childish emotion and fantastical im

9、agination around the world. Cartoon movie, as the important carrier of a society’s communication, makes audiences receive the writer’s purpose in a relaxing and funny atmosphere. </p><p>　　Therefore, the pap

10、er aims to state the cultural differences between China and America from the concrete embodiment of the cartoon films and studies the specific reasons for the differences, through the analysis of the popular cartoon movi

11、es both in western countries and China. A conclusion can be drawn that cartoon movies with different ideologies in different counties have quite obvious different cultural connotations.</p><p>　　Key words: c

12、artoon films; Chinese and American culture; differences</p><p><b>　　Contents</b></p><p><b>　　摘 要I</b></p><p>　　AbstractII</p><p>　　1. Introduc

13、tion1</p><p>　　2. The Adventure spirits of Adolescents in the Film-Alice in Wonderland2</p><p>　　2.1 The Adventure spirits of Adolescents3</p><p>　　2.2 The Adolescents'Advent

14、ure spirits of the Represeneative Characters in the Film8</p><p>　　3. Reasons for the Adventure spirits of Adolencents appearing in the Film11</p><p>　　3.1 Educationt11</p><p>　　

15、3.2 Social Influence11</p><p>　　3.3Self-values...............................................................................................................................................12</p><

16、;p>　　4. Conclusion13</p><p>　　References15</p><p>　　Acknowledgements16</p><p>　　1. Introduction</p><p>　　Alice in Wonderland in 19th ,the industrial era of the sm

17、ell of London.Under the background of the era,mostly are more conservative,not accept and objective reality contrary to the idea, following the traditional rules, the thought is confined, people are accustomed to obedien

18、ce rather than resistance, highlighting the self. Alice is a little bit of a rebel in the dress, have their own ideas of the girl. Her dreams, her rebellion against the other people in the background of the times.May be

19、tra</p><p>　　2. The Adventure spirits of Adolescents in the Film-Alice in Wonderland</p><p>　　It is a hotpot to study culture or civilization in the research of the humanities in the 20th centur

20、y. In the global world, the cultural differences and conflicts are unavoidable topic between China and America. People like to discuss the defects and merits of Chinese and western culture, but they are lacking of awaren

21、ess about the fundamental nature of cultural differences and conflicts. Analyzing the differences between Chinese and American cultures through the vision of cartoon movies is a to</p><p>　　Nowadays, cartoon

22、 movie, as the important carrier of a society's communication, is an important form to propagandize culture thought and ideology. As for cartoon movies, there are a lot of differences between China and America in the

23、mes selection, character and action arrangement, which reflect different values and pursuits between China and America. The most important, as a kind of fashion presentation, cartoon movies explain different levels of na

24、tional culture. At the same time, Chinese and A</p><p>　　2. 1 The Cultural Differences in Cartoon Movies’ Components Selection</p><p>　　2.1.1 Cartoon Movies’ Theme</p><p>　　Chinese

25、cartoon movie themes are quite unitary. Edutainment applied to the head of the cultural spirit to Chinese cartoon movies. China is the birthplace of Confucian culture, as a traditional spirit of Chinese cartoon movie, ed

26、utainment has its inevitability and rationality. Under the Confucian culture, Chinese traditional writings are conveying truth, and the way of thinking and aesthetic expectation imply the strong demand for edutainment. R

27、egardless of the early story Princess Iron Fan, Prou</p><p>　　In most cartoon films, the themes all come from the adaptation of fable stories, myths, legends and historical stories, which are lacking of imag

28、ination and creativity. It is more old-fashioned. In the development of animation industry, we can’t have been holding the civilization of five thousand years, so it is hard to go out of the cage of its own. Our animatio

29、n master Wan Laiming once recalled that Chinese cartoon movie is different from the western in subject choosing. We have no time to jok</p><p>　　As an immigrant country, the important features of the America

30、n culture are inclusive, diverse and open. A large number of immigrants from Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America, came to the dreamy America with a dream. They brought local tradition, religious customs, and habits an

31、d so forth to the United States, which became the foundation of America’s diversified development. In the United States, it is able to find the shadow of any nation’s culture. American can fuse all national culture, be&l

32、t;/p><p>　　American cartoon movies are based on a wide range of contents, like Arab story One Thousand Nights, the German fairy tale Snow White, Chinese history story Hua Mulan; animal stories The Lion King, Fi

33、nding Nemo, Baby in Vegetables; Small Mount Tai Series about the relationship between man and nature and science fiction film Transformers.</p><p>　　All kinds of subjects can be found in American cartoon mov

34、ies, so we can always see cartoon movies constantly, which are leading the world cartoon movie trend. Changing themes and jumping plots of the story are not restricted to its culture. It is just a kind of repacking. In o

35、ther words, the local culture has been tampered completely by American culture. We once again fell into a deliberate manipulation of narrative trap. We see Disney the cultural industry roller crushed the local culture an

36、d </p><p>　　National heroism and individualism can be found behind relaxing and happy American animation contents, and in their opinion, the hero is not only the hero of the United States, it is also the her

37、o of mankind, and he has a responsibility to protect and save the mentality of mankind (Li Hong, 2013:22-24). Individualism has its profound historical background. Actually, individualism can be traced back to the l4th c

38、entury, when the earliest sprout of individualism emerged during the Italian cultural</p><p>　　Humor and freedom are important features of American culture, and they are determined by the lively, innocent an

39、d active American characters. Compared with Chinese people’s emphasizing on education, Americans pay more attention to sense of humor and commercial effect. From themes choosing to effect pursuit, it is full of the busin

40、ess philosophy. American films are not emphasizing the concept of education, because education is not the purpose of western animated films making. The fundamental purp</p><p>　　Tom and Jerry expresses the s

41、ense of humor of American culture incisively and vividly. In people’s heart, rat is lousy animal, but the rat Jerry almost becomes the object of people’s compassion in the film. There is no unpleasant feeling, only endle

42、ss sense of humor. The cute little mouse has been adapted into various shapes under the brutality of old cat in the film. Audiences are deeply impressed by such exaggerated American-style humor. American-style humor also

43、 shows incisively and vividly i</p><p>　　2.1.2 Cartoon Movies’ Character</p><p>　　Speaking of the role, everyone will think of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. As the commercial animation, the them

44、e and plot development of the story are designed, and the role is undoubtedly the most important. Animation is an art form to create life, and roles are the visual core in the cartoon movie. Many classic cartoon stories

45、may be forgotten by the audiences after many years, but they can still remember the roles of the movies, and people still take delight in talking about the enduring rol</p><p>　　The subjects of nation were u

46、sed countless times, and traditional and beautiful myths are the China’s most beautiful treasure, but there are no vivid characters, which are born out of the animated films. People will only remember myths rather than t

47、he cartoon movies. For example, Havoc in Heaven is a very good work combined with traditional Chinese culture, and it can be said to be the peak of the domestic animation work. This film describes the Monkey King, and it

48、 is popular with the audience a</p><p>　　On the contrary, American pays more attention to the future with strong spirit of innovation. It is very different from Chinese culture. American can always create cl

49、assic cartoon movie images. The creation power of America’s cartoon movies come from its constant innovation and subversion. So Disney and DreamWorks have successfully created many famous characters in cartoon movies.<

50、;/p><p>　　Compared with Chinese cartoon movies, the American cartoon movies industry’s own innovation is American cartoon film’s representative. The example is too numerous to mention individually. Some new sta

51、rs, like Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Tom and Jerry, appear continuously from Disney. Because of this endless creativity, all aspects of characters are developed to perfection. Every character is full of American humor and

52、 fun.</p><p>　　2.1.3 Cartoon Movies’ Action Arrangement </p><p>　　There is no cartoon film in the world like China’s, which is closely connected with the painting, and focuses on painting. Chine

53、se think that cartoon movie is a kind of moving painting, as long as the painting is moving, it is the cartoon movie. So, from theory to practice, traditional sense of Chinese cartoon movie’s painting is logical. Moreove

54、r, focusing on painting refers to the traditional Chinese painting. It is nothing to do with western painting. Taking wash painting for example, China’s</p><p>　　At the beginning, the pursuit of American car

55、toon movie is focusing on moving. Cartoon movie is a kind of movement through special treatment. It is defined by International Animation Group (IAFA) as: animation art is using a variety of technologies to create moving

56、 images, excepting the way of using real people or things. So cartoon film is not an art of moving painting, but an art of painted sports. Under the concept of focusing on moving, the American cartoon films are becoming

57、real films. The</p><p>　　2.2 Cultural Differences in Cartoon Movies’ Industry</p><p>　　2.2.1 Values</p><p>　　Chinese pay more attention to conscience, of course, they also cannot ta

58、mper with the spiritual essence which ancestors left. So the traditional Chinese cartoon films always cannot escape from the bondage of rules. For Havoc in Heaven adapted from the cartoon film of The Journey to the West,

59、 Chinese animators can only follow the ideas of the original work. Although Sun Wukong in the animated cartoon was a hero who struggled with the evil forces in the heaven, he was defeated, and he can’t either</p>

60、<p>　　The word pragmatism first came from Greek, which contained the meaning of action. American pragmatism philosophy was influenced profoundly by the continent culture. Pragmatism exited in different periods durin

61、g the development of American society, so its performance and function are different. Under the influence of pragmatism philosophy, American people don’t like regular, abstract and conceptual games and speculative philos

62、ophy, and they don’t like the philosophical thinking of metaphysics eit</p><p>　　Another feature of American pragmatism is the cultural industrialization. Cultural industry has become one of the most vital i

63、ndustries of the American industry. Walt Disney had set up a professional animation production company with the help of a group of volunteers and partners. At the same time, they applied for a patent for Mickey Mouse, Do

64、nald Duck and so on under the protection of the law. Later, the Walt Disney Company cooperated with Denmark M-Systems Company, and they published the Mick</p><p>　　2.2.2 Market Demand</p><p>　　R

65、elated with Chinese cartoon films industry, it is hard to find opportunities to make money because of the traditional doctrine of the mean. Before the movie Mad for Music was not put on the show, media began to promote.

66、Novels, comic books, CDS and other derivative products are sold in the city. If the animated characters can not be welcomed by the common people, the sales of related animation products will not be positive. For example,

67、 The Story of Seven Heroes, and Rabbit, as secondary produc</p><p>　　However, the important doctrine of the mean thought in traditional Chinese culture has been influencing Chinese deeply. Chinese animators

68、are not driven by profits, and they are more focusing on cartoon film art and cartoon film career. Although China’s cartoon film is not delicate, it is professional and conscientious. It is hard to imagine Chinese animat

69、ors have overturned any classic image in the Chinese hearts, which has witnessed endless praise and constant change. No matter how to deal wit</p><p>　　American cartoon films are also very prosperous in the

70、recent ten years. The Walt Disney Company successively introduced cartoon films of the year, which is a huge investment, a gorgeous and mature operation. The cartoon films have great appeal to children and adults, and th

71、e income of the market is very considerable.</p><p>　　From 1995 to 2001, the total revenue of 2D cartoon films (including Disney Hua Mulan and Mount Tai of Disney Company, and The Prince of Egypt and The Roa

72、d to EI Dorado of DreamWorks) was $755 million. However the income of toys, clothing and all other related products is twice than that of the film’s box office. Later, the rapid expansion of three dimensional cartoon fil

73、ms industry makes cartoon films market develop in full swing. The nation’s total box-office of Toy Story and Shrek are $1.195 b</p><p>　　3. Reasons for Cultural Differences in Chinese and American Cartoon Mo

74、vies</p><p>　　3.1 Natural Environment</p><p>　　The United States is located in central North America, the Western Hemisphere. It also includes the territory north of Alaska and the Pacific North

75、west Central Hawaii islands. The coastline is 22680 kilometers. “The United Sates, the fourth largest country in the world, has established a highly developed national economy since it won independence 200 years ago” (La

76、i, 2012:143). America, influenced by geographical and natural conditions, has developed the animal husbandry. Nomads have adventurous</p><p>　　China is located in East Asia, on the western shores of the Paci

77、fic Ocean. It has a continental land boundary of more than 20000 kilometers. China is a country with a vast territory. It has an area of over 9,600,000 square kilometers. China, influenced by geographical conditions and

78、natural conditions, began agricultural industry at about 8000BC. The history of the agricultural production and the social economy always occupy dominant positions. They are the foundations of our social economy for <

79、/p><p>　　The differences in geography have shaped different characters between China and America. Chinese culture is a type of agricultural culture. All nationalities, in the process of long-term integration, h

80、ave fostered strengths, circumvented weakness, complemented and promoted each other and formed overall characters of the Chinese nation (Ao, 2000:118-119). The coastlines in the United States are much longer than those i

81、n China, so the transportation is convenient and Americans are more active and </p><p>　　3.2 Humanistic Environment</p><p>　　China is a landlocked country, and Chinese culture has developed a ki

82、nd of inland culture in this vast land. China built the Great Wall in the ancient times, because of the foreign aggression. As a result, Chinese culture evolved into a conservative land culture, and to a large extent, it

83、 has exclusiveness. Chinese culture has never been losing its independence. Even Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore also have not been completely westernized. And they still retain many traditional Confucian cultur</p>

84、;<p>　　American culture is based on the Marine culture of the ancient Greek tradition, which emphasizes the individualism and freedom. It is a predominantly individualistic society. The belief of striving for the

85、survival and development in the competition is ubiquitous in all the American tradition. In order to succeed, the Americans are always willing to innovate and seek a new way to solve the old problem. They are also willin

86、g to migrate, take the new job and take a risk. As a result, the developme</p><p>　　The United States is an immigrant country and its population structure is very complex. The world’s talents get together, a

87、nd all kinds of cultures communicate with each other in America, So American culture has the characteristic of diversity with a strong flavor of the era. And the U.S. can always conform to the trend of the times, and has

88、 created popular animated movies.</p><p>　　The Han nationality makes up the greatest number of Chinese, about 94 percent of population is Han people who speak Chinese. The other 56 minorities are similar to

89、the Han nationality in skin color and race, so China is a country of single species and single culture. Chinese traditional culture takes the Confucian culture as the main body, and the Confucian culture takes the ethics

90、 and morals as the main body. So Chinese are influenced by the strong national character. The doctrine of the mean i</p><p>　　The doctrine of the mean is advocated by Chinese, because it emphasizes the middl

91、e ground in the relationship. Whatever keep going or flinching, it must conform to the doctrine of the mean, and don’t go to extremes. But on the other hand, the thought of Chinese people forms a kind of sluggishness, wh

92、ich is lacking the consciousness of innovation and entrepreneurial spirit. This is reflected obviously in Chinese cartoon films. Chinese cartoon films mainly come from traditional Chinese myths, so i</p><p>

93、　　The United States is a Christian nation, and most Americans believe in god. According to the Christian doctrine, everybody is the son of god, and everyone is equal in front of god. Christianity pays attention to humani

94、ty, which reflects the values in interpersonal relationship. European immigrants are the greatest number of Americans. So the American culture developed into the modern European and American culture on the basis of Europ

95、ean culture. </p><p>　　At the same time, the origin of American culture has the feature of diversification, and it not only has incorporated the British culture, French culture, Mexico culture and Spain cult

96、ure, but also China’s Confucian culture and Buddhism, Taoism culture and so on. And the United States recruits a large number of foreign students and scholars every year, and it also brings a lot of different cultures an

97、d communication. So the United States absorbs excellent parts of all kinds of foreign cultures t</p><p>　　4. Conclusion </p><p>　　From this paper, we can draw the conclusion that cartoon films a

98、re not entirely entertainment or commercial activity. It is a culture carrier, which contains abundant cultural content. A country or a nation’s culture reflects vividly in the cartoon film.</p><p>　　It is a

99、n interesting process of learning cartoon cultural differences between China and the United States. This paper does a study of the cartoon films from the theme, characters, and actions. It also makes an analysis to the w

100、hole cartoon film industry, including the values and market demand, and then tries to find cultural differences between China and the United States across the surface. This paper also makes a comprehensive analysis of cu