第一部分必修4unit2

1、第一部分　基礎考點聚焦 必修4,1．_________ vi.& n．　　　斗爭；拼搏；努力2．_______ n. 產量；輸出3．_______ n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭 vt.& vi. 搏斗；奮斗4．___________ adv. 因此；所以；因而5．_________ n．(bacterium的復數(shù)形式)細菌6．_________ n. 評論；議論 vi.& vt

2、. 表達意見；作出評論,struggle,output,therefore,bacteria,comment,battle,7．_________ n. 十年；十年期8．_________ vt.& vi. 使變大；伸展9．_________vt.& vi. 循環(huán)；流傳10．_________ n. 自由；自主11．_________ vt.& vi. 配備；裝備equipme

3、nt n. 設備(不可數(shù))12．_________ vt.& vi. 輸出；出口import vt.& vi. 輸入；入口；進口13．_____________ n. 國籍nation n. 國家；民族national adj. 國家的；國有的,decade,expand,circulate,freedom,equip,export,nationality,14．____________

4、_ n. 工作；職業(yè)；占領occupy vt. 占領15．_________ vt. 使迷惑；使為難confusing adj. 令人迷惑的confused adj. 感到迷惑的confusion n. 迷惑16．_______ vt. 遺憾；惋惜 n. 遺憾；懊悔regretful adj. 后悔的,occupation,confuse,regret,17．_________ adj

5、. 化學的；關于化學的chemistry n. 化學chemist n. 化學家；藥劑師18．_________ vt. 減少；減縮reduction n. 縮??；減少19．___________ n. 總結；摘要；概要summarize vt. 總結20．___________n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discover vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺；觀察，觀測,chemical,reduce,summa

6、ry,discovery,1．___________　　　幸虧；由于；因為2．___________使……擺脫或除去3．_______________ 對……感到滿意4．_____________ 寧愿；寧可5．___________逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)6．_________導致；造成(后果)7．_________集中(注意力、精力等)于8．___________盛產9．________________

7、_使……免受(影響、傷害等)；使……不含(有害物)10．_______________選擇……(而不是……),thanks to,rid...of,be satisfied with,would rather,build up,lead to,focus on,be rich in,keep...free from/of,prefer...to...,1．Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called

8、super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。[解讀]　what is called...“所謂的……”,what引導賓語從句。[仿寫]　眾所周知，我們生活在所謂的信息時代。As is known to us，we now live in ____________________________.,what is called Information Age,2．Recently，howev

9、er，scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to people’s health.然而，最近科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)長期使用這些肥料會造成土地受損，甚至更危險的是，會對人們的健康造成危害。[解讀]　have/has been doing現(xiàn)在完成進

10、行時。[仿寫]　——你們找到昨天在山中失蹤的夫婦了嗎？—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?——沒有,但是自從那以后,我們一直在盡力和他們取得聯(lián)系.—No，but we ___________________ to get in touch with them ever since.,have been trying,3．If so，what did

11、 you do to grow them?如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？[解讀]　if so意為“如果是這樣的話”，是if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式。[仿寫]　這個周日你有空嗎？如果有，我們去野營吧。Will you be free this Sunday？_______，let’s go camping.,If so,v．­ing形式作主語或賓語1．(2014·荊州市高中畢業(yè)班質量檢查)It h

12、as been proved that _______________________________________ helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.(eat)已經得到證實童年時吃蔬菜有助于你在以后生活中抵御重病。2．(2014·荊州市高中畢業(yè)班質量檢查)If you don’t insist on ________________

13、______, you’ll never have it. (go) 如果不堅持去追逐你的夢想，你將永遠不會實現(xiàn)夢想。,eating vegetables in/during (your) childhood,going after your dream,3．(2014·武漢市部分學校新高三起點調研)Frequently ___________________ from one position to another may

14、 be seen as a sign of nervousness. (change)頻繁地改變你身體的位置，是緊張的表現(xiàn)。4．____________________________________________ in the countryside made Mr.Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.(bring)Mr.Wilson在鄉(xiāng)下被撫養(yǎng)長大，這使他在很小的時候就

15、很勤勞。5．Lingling improves her English _________________ English weekly.(read)玲玲通過閱讀《英語周報》來提高英語水平。,changing your body,Being brought up/That Mr.Wilson was brought up,by reading,1.struggle　vi. & n. 斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎(朗文)She’s

16、 struggling to bring up a family on a very low income.她靠著非常微薄的收入艱難地供養(yǎng)一家人。,①They asked for civil rights，for which they had struggled for hundreds of years.他們要求民權，并為此奮斗了幾百年。②Some farmers have to leave their hometown and

17、 go to work in cities，_____________________ their income.一些農民不得不離開家鄉(xiāng)到城市里打工，努力地增加他們的收入。③Despite his terrible injuries，he wouldn’t give up the struggle for life.他盡管身負重傷，但仍然不會放棄求生的努力。④We have to _______________ all kinds

18、 of difficulties from home and abroad.我們必須和來自國內外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。,struggle with,struggling to increase,2.equip　vt.&vi. 裝備；配備(四級英語)Our classroom is equipped with a TV set and a tape recorder.我們的教室里配有一臺電視機和一臺錄音機。,(1)equi

19、p...with...　　　　　用……裝備……be equipped with 裝備著……equip...for sth./to do sth. 為了……而裝備be well/poorly equipped 設備精良的/較差的(2)equipment n. 裝備；設備(不可數(shù)名詞)a piece of equipment 一件設備,①_________________ new scientific far

20、ming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.因為掌握了科學的農耕新方法，現(xiàn)在，他們可以使用更少的農田進行耕種。②We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for later life.我們想讓兒子接受良好的教育以便能為其今后的生活打下基礎。③His wor

21、k experience equipped him _____________ all kinds of people.他的工作經驗使他能與各種各樣的人打交道。,Equipped with,to deal with,3.confuse　vt. 使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆(2012·高考北京卷·閱讀理解B)Confused,I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher.我看了一

22、眼板著臉的老師，內心充滿了困惑。,(1)confuse...with/and...混淆；把……和……混同；辨別不清be confused by 被……弄混，糊涂(2)be confused about 對……糊涂，不解(3)confused adj. 困惑的，煩惱的(表示人的內心感受)confusing adj. 令人費解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的狀態(tài))confusion n. 困惑,①The situati

23、on remains confused as both sides claim success.由于雙方均宣稱獲勝，形勢依然不明朗。②I __________________________ because they were so alike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因為她們長得太像了。③I was getting confused by such a confusing problem.我被這么困惑的問題搞得不知所措。,conf

24、used her with her sister,4.regret　vt. 惋惜；后悔；遺憾 　n. 遺憾；抱歉；懊悔(教材P13)His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他的父親說他從不后悔送他兒子到國外學習。,①I regret having left the work unfinished; I should hav

25、e planned everything ahead carefully.我很遺憾未能完成工作，我本來應該事先認真地把每件事情規(guī)劃得很好。②(牛津)We _________________ you that your application has not been successful.我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請未通過。③We think，_________________，that we will not be able t

26、o visit you next year.讓我們深感遺憾的是，我們明年不能去拜訪你了。,regret to inform,much to our regret,5.focus vt. 集中注意力；聚焦　n焦點，關注點，中心點(教材P14)They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.　他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。,①If you are going

27、to follow someone，focus on their talent，not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.如果你想模仿某人，要看他們的才華，而不是他們不好的性格或無法接受的行為習慣。②As far as I know，all her energies _____________________________.據我所知，她全部精力都傾注到了孩子們的身上。③

28、She is such a person that she wants to be the focus of attention.她是一個想成為關注焦點的人。,are focused on her children,6.reduce　v. 減少，減縮(2013·高考遼寧卷·閱讀理解B)We have greatly reduced our buying we don’t need.我們已大大減少購買我們不需要的東

29、西。,(1)reduce...to...　　把……減少到……reduce...by... 把……減少了……(2)be reduced to 淪落為……；陷入某種狀態(tài)①The number of students in our school ___________________ 2,000.我們學校學生的數(shù)目減少到了2 000。②She does exercise every day，and she _________

30、__ her weight _____ 10%.她堅持天天鍛煉，已經把體重降低了10%。③Believe it or not，the rich man should be reduced to a beggar.信不信由你，那位富人竟然淪落為乞丐。,has been reduced to,by,has reduced,Ⅰ.完成句子1．(2014·襄陽五中高三月考)His eyes____________________

31、_____________，he was totally lost in his thought，unaware of something happening. (focus)他盯著那張照片，完全陷入思索中，沒注意到發(fā)生了什么。2．(2014·黃岡孝感高中期末聯(lián)合考試)With each classroom _______________ a computer, the students have easy access

32、to whatever information they are in want of.(equip)給每個教室安裝一臺電腦，學生們就能輕易地獲得他們需要的信息。,focused on (upon) the photo (picture),equipped with,3．(2014·湖北七市(州)高三年級聯(lián)合考試)The teacher was making every effort to clarify__________

33、____ the students. (confuse)這個老師正全力詮釋讓學生困惑的地方。4．(2014·荊門市高三調研考試)Building a well­being and harmonious society is________________________________. (struggle)我們一直努力奮斗的就是建設一個和諧的小康社會。5．20 years later, DiMaria s

34、till regretted _______________ the opportunity to participate in the piano performance that evening. (give)20年后，迪瑪利亞仍然為沒有機會參加那天晚上的鋼琴表演而感到遺憾。,what confused,what we have been struggling for,not being given,Ⅱ.多項選擇1．Many pe

35、ople are still _______ under the poverty line, lack of food and shelter.Why not use the limited funds to reduce poverty? A．struggling　 B．falling C．starving D．reaching解析：選A。句意：還有很多人仍然在貧困線下掙扎，沒有食物和住所.為什么不用

36、有限的資金來減少貧困呢? struggle “搏斗，努力，掙扎”；fall“掉下，下降”；starve“挨餓”；reach“到達，完成”。根據句意可知A項正確。,2．The solution to the heavy traffic problem is apparent.We should _______ the number of vehicles.A．reduce B．remove C．collect D

37、．warn解析：選A。句意：交通擁擠問題的解決方法很明顯，我們應該減少車輛的數(shù)目。reduce “縮減；減少；降低”； remove “拿開；移走；除去”； collect “收集”； warn “警告”。根據句意可知A項正確。,3．(2013·四級英語)All her energies are _______ upon her children and she seems to have little time for

38、anything else.A．guided B．aimed C．directed D．focused解析：選D。句意：她所有的精力都集中在了孩子身上，似乎沒有一點時間做其他事情。guide“引導；帶領；操縱”；aim“目的在于；引導；把……對準”；direct“管理；指揮;導演”；focus“集中；聚焦”。根據句意可知D項正確。,4．People are often _______ abo

39、ut what to do in the event of such an emergency because they do not know who to call for help.A．amazed B．neglected C．confused D．disappointed解析：選C。句意：人們常常感到困惑的是在如此一個緊急事件的發(fā)生下應做什么，因為他們不知道找誰來幫忙。amazed“

40、驚奇的，吃驚的”；neglected“被忽視的；未被好好照管的”；confused “糊涂的，混亂的”；disappointed“失望的”。根據句意可知C項正確。,5．The company had _______ their workers adequately for such dangerous condition.A．assembled B．installed C．equipped D．repaire

41、d解析：選C。句意：公司讓工人們充分裝備起來， 以應付這樣的危險情況。assemble“裝配；收集”； install“安裝”; equip“裝備，武裝”；repaire“修理”。根據句意可知C項正確。,1.thanks to　幸虧；由于；因為(教材P10)Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.　多

42、虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。,①(2012·高考廣東卷·讀寫任務)Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math，and finally made up my mind to study it in the university.多虧你的鼓勵，我在數(shù)學上不斷進步，最后我下決心上大學就學數(shù)學專業(yè)。②It i

43、s reported that the terrible accident _______________ his careless driving.據報道，這個可怕的事故是由他粗心駕駛造成的。③As a result of the bad weather，the football match was put off.由于天氣不好，足球賽被推遲了。,was due to,2.build up　逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)(朗文)The m

44、useum has built up a fine art collection.這家博物館已經積累了一批很好的藝術藏品。,[一詞多義]　寫出下列句中build up的含義(1)Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere，causing the global temperature to go up. _______(2)Stevens played a key

45、role in building up the company. ___________(3)Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind. ___________(4)Hard working conditions can build up your character. _______,聚集,逐步建立,增進；鍛煉,磨煉,3.lead to　導致；

46、造成(后果)；通向……(2012·高考福建卷·短文填詞)A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.　缺乏自信心會導致許多痛苦。,lead sb.to do sth.　　　使某人做某事lead/live a．..life 過……樣的生活lead...into... 把……領進……lead the way 引路；帶路,①The dis

47、covery of new evidence led to the thief’s being caught.新證據的發(fā)現(xiàn)使得小偷被抓住。②This has __________________ think out other solutions to the problem.這就使得科學家不得不想其他解決這個問題的方法。③He decided to lead/live a new life after the unusual e

48、xperience.這次不平常的經歷過后，他決定過一種新的生活。,led scientists to,Ⅰ.完成句子1．The only road ___________________ and was smooth to walk on was destroyed in the terrible earthquake.(lead)唯一一條通往公園且路面很光滑的那條路在可怕的地震中被毀了。2．If _______________

49、，they will come！(build)如果您建設，他們將來到！,that led to the park,you build it,3．__________ these new treatments，people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.(thanks)多虧了這些新治療措施，患高血壓的病人能生活的積極健康長壽。4．Even if ___

50、________________ punishment, how can he face his children in the future? (free)就算他最后能免除刑罰，將來又如何面對自己的孩子呢？5．(2014·襄陽四中、荊州中學、龍泉中學高三聯(lián)考) Because of Typhoon Fitow this October, some citizens in this coastal city would

51、 rather they __________ the inland area some day. (move)因為今年十月的臺風“菲特”，這個沿海城市的一些市民寧愿有一天搬到內陸地區(qū)。,Thanks to,he could be free from,moved to,Ⅱ.多項選擇1．(2014·黃岡市黃岡中學模擬)With people’s panic about H7N9 which is spreading in

52、 some areas _______ , the government is taking measures to slow down the spread by wiping out all the chickens and birds on the market.A．turning up B．building up C．keeping up D．putting up,解析：選B。句意：隨著一些地

53、區(qū)人們對于擴散中的H7N9的恐懼逐漸增加，政府正在采取措施，通過清除市場上的家禽鳥類來減少病毒的擴散。turn up “開大，出現(xiàn)，(尤指失去后偶然)被發(fā)現(xiàn)”； build up “逐步建立，增進”； keep up “(天氣)持續(xù)不變，保持”；put up “張貼，建造”。根據句意可知B項正確。,2．Generous public funding of basic science would _______ considerable

54、 benefits for the country’s health, wealth and security.A．lead to B．turn to C．see to D．refer to解析：選A。句意：公眾對基礎科學的慷慨捐助會給國家的健全、財富和安全產生巨大的好處。lead to“引起，導致”； turn to “求助于”； see to “注意；負責；照料”； refer to “參考；涉

55、及；指的是”。根據句意可知A項正確。,3．Mary was in bed with a fever.The doctor said it was impossible for her to _______ her cold in a couple of days.A．get rid of B．get away with C．get off D．get out解析：選A。句意：瑪麗發(fā)燒在床，醫(yī)生說

56、一兩天內退燒是不可能的。get rid of “擺脫，去除”；get away with “被放過, (做壞事)不受懲罰”；get off “下車;離開”；get out “出來,傳出去，泄漏”。根據句意可知A項正確。,4．It’s wonderful to have a month in the faraway village，_______ all worries and responsibilities.A．contrary

57、to B．far from C．far away D．free from解析：選D。句意：在很遠的村莊呆上1個月真是太好了，沒有任何煩惱和責任。contrary to “與……相反”；far from “離遠……”；far away “很遙遠”；free from “免除，沒有”。根據句意可知D項正確。,5．The new product quickly

58、became popular_______ a national advertising campaign.A．thanks to B．according to C．as a result D．in addition to解析：選A。句意：這種新產品靠著覆蓋全國的廣告迅速火了起來。thanks to“幸虧；由于”；according to“根據”；as a result“結果”；in addition to

59、“除……之外”。根據句意可知A項正確。,1.(教材P9)If so，what did you do to grow them?如果這樣的話，你做了些什么來種植這些植物？,If so“如果這樣的話”,是if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式,表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意義，則用if not。if ever　　　　如果有過/發(fā)生過的話if any 如果有的話if possible 如果有可能if necessary 如果有

60、必要,①They think she may try to phone.If so，someone must stay here.他們認為她可能來電話，要是這樣的話，就得有人守在這兒。②Is anybody feeling cold？______，let us open the windows!有人感到冷嗎？如果沒有的話，我們把窗子打開吧?、跢ew men, _______,can make so many inventions

61、 as Edison.像愛迪生那樣做出這么多發(fā)明創(chuàng)作的人,即使有的話也不多.④If possible，try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的話，嘗試每天都在同一時間睡覺和起床。,If not,if any,2.(教材P10)He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.　他更愿把時間花在自己的業(yè)余愛

62、好上。,①He would rather die than give in to the enemy.他寧死也不向敵人屈服。②Mary is feeling upset.I would rather I _________________ the bad news.瑪麗感到沮喪，我要是沒把這個壞消息告訴她就好了。③_______________ straight to university why not get some wo

63、rk experience?為什么不獲得一些工作經驗，再去上大學呢？,hadn’t told her,Rather than go,完成句子1．I want to see him play every week ________________ and get him in the team.(possible)如果可能的話，我每周都想看到他上場，讓他融入球隊。2．We would rather go on with the

64、experiment ____________________.(give)我們寧愿把這個實驗進行下去，而不愿放棄不做。,if (it is) possible,than give it up,3．Rather than ___________________ you, I would borrow money from my friends.(refuse)我寧可向朋友借錢，也不愿拒絕幫助你。4．I would rather__

65、_________________ the football match last night with my friends.Otherwise，I would have finished my paperwork by now. (watch)昨晚我要是沒和朋友一起看足球賽就好了，那樣的話我現(xiàn)在就已經做完作業(yè)了。,refuse to help,not have watched,5．—Hey，do you like the heav

66、y metal music that I am playing?—To be honest，I don’t.I’d rather you ____________________. (keep)——嘿，你喜歡我正在播放的重金屬音樂嗎？——老實講，我不喜歡。我寧愿你保持安靜。,kept silent,1.dominate v. 支配；控制；占優(yōu)勢,dominate over控制,His personality dominat

67、ed over the other members of the committee. 他的人格影響委員會的其他成員。,2.dreadful adj. 可怕的；糟透的,dreadful accident/disease/nightmare/film/meal/weather可怕的事故/疾病/噩夢/糟糕的電影/飯菜/天氣,I cannot imagine what to do in this dreadful situation

68、. 我不能想像在這么糟的情況下該怎么辦。,[寫作素材]1．中國的農民曾經過著很艱苦的生活，并一直受著饑餓的困擾。2．幾十年來，他們努力尋找能夠提高糧食產量的方法，但收效甚微。3．多虧了袁博士的雜交水稻研究，農民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。這意味著世界22%的人口擺脫了饑餓。4．大多數(shù)農民都很滿意現(xiàn)在的生活，寧愿待在農村當農民。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達。[連句成篇](將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文),___

69、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________