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1、DATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSAMPLEQUESTIONSQ1.(a)ExplaintheconsistencypropertyoftheACIDpropertiesexplainhowthispropertyrelatetorecoverymechanism.(b)Considerthefollowingtransaction:StartRead(X)X:=X100Write(X)Read(Y)Y:=Y100Wri
2、te(Y)Commit(i)Duringtheexecutionofthistransactionitpassesseveralstatesuntilitfinallycommits.Listexplainbrieflyallthestatesthatthistransactionmaypass.(ii)IfthesystemfailsafteroperationY:=Y100butnotbefeoperationWrite(Y)wha
3、twillhappentothistransactionExplainyouranswer.Q2.(a)WhatisaconcurrencycontrolExplain.(c)ConsiderthefollowingscheduleScheduleS:T1T2read(P)P=P100write(P)read(Q)Q=Q–100write(Q)read(P)P=P0.1write(P)read(Q)Q=Q0.1write(Q)(i)Wr
4、itelockingunlockinginstructionstotheaboveschedule.(ii)IstheabovescheduleSconflictserializableShowhowyouderiveyouranswerbyusingthisscheduleexplainyouranswer.Q3.(a)Thefollowingconceptsareusedinrecovery.Explainhowtheseconce
5、ptscanbeusedinrecoveryprocess.(i)transactionlog(ii)backup(b)Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthefollowingschedule:TimeActiont1beginAt2beginBt3beginCt4commitBt5checkpointt6beginDt7commitAt8beginEt9commitEt10SystemcrashState
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