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1、TransactionalTransfmationalLeadershipJamesMacGregBurnswritinginhisbook‘Leadership’wasthefirsttoputfwardtheconceptof“transfmingleadership”.ToBurnstransfmingleadership“isarelationshipofmutualstimulationelevationthatconvert
2、sfollowersintoleadersmayconvertleadersintomalagents”.Burnswentontoalsofurtherdefineitbysuggestingthat:“[Transfmingleadership]occurswhenonemepersonsengagewithothersinsuchawaythatleadersfollowersraiseoneanothertohigherleve
3、lsofmotivationmality…”Burnsdrawsuponthehumanisticpsychologymovementinhiswritingupon‘transfmingleadership’byproposingthatthetransfmingleadershapesalterselevatesthemotivesvaluesgoalsoffollowersachievingsignificantchangeint
4、heprocess.Heproposedthatthereisaspecialpowerentailedintransfmingleadershipwithleaders“armedwithprinciples[that]mayultimatelytransfmbothleadersfollowersintopersonswhojointlyadheretomodalvaluesendvalues”.Burnsseesthepowero
5、ftransfmingleadershipasmenobledifferentfromismaticleadershipwhichheterms‘heroic’leadershipexecutivebusinessleadership.DespitethisitissurprisingthatmostoftheapplicationofBurns’wkhasbeeninthesetwotypesofleadership.BernardB
6、assdevelopedBurns’conceptoftransfmingleadershipin‘LeadershipPerfmanceBeyondExpectations’into‘transfmationalleadership’wheretheleadertransfmsfollowers–thedirectionofinfluencetoBassisthusonewayunlikeBurns’whoseesitaspotent
7、iallyatwowayprocess.BasshoweverdealswiththetransfmationalstyleofexecutiveleadershipthatincpatessocialchangeafacetmissingfromBurns’wk.FBass‘transfmationalleaders’may:?expafollower’sptfolioofneeds?transfmafollower’sselfint
8、erest?increasetheconfidenceoffollowers?elevatefollowers’expectations?heightenthevalueoftheleader’sintendedoutcomesfthefollower?encouragebehaviouralchange?motivateotherstohigherlevelsofpersonalachievement(Maslow’s‘selfact
9、ualisation’).TichyDevannaintheirbook‘TransfmationalLeadership’builtfurtheronthewkofBurnsBassinganisationalwkcontexts.Theydescribedthehybridnatureoftransfmationalas“…notduetoisma.Itisabehaviouralprocesscapableofbeinglearn
10、ed”.BasswritingwitharesearchcolleagueAvoliosuggestedthat“Transfmationalleadershipisclosertotheprototypeofleadershipthatpeoplehaveinmindwhentheydescribetheiridealleaderitismelikelytoprovidearolemodelwithwhichsubdinateswan
11、ttoidentify”.Transactionalleadershiphasbeenthetraditionalmodelofleadershipwithitsrootsfromanganisationalbusinessperspectiveinthe‘bottomline’.StephenCoveywritingin‘PrincipleCentredLeadership’suggeststhattransfmationallead
12、ership“…focusesonthe‘topline’”offerscontrastbetweenthetwo(aionbeing):TransactionalLeadershipTransfmationalLeadership?Buildsonman’sneedtogetajobdonemakealiving?Ispreoccupiedwithpowerpositionpoliticsperks?Ismiredindailyaff
13、airs?Isshttermharddataientated?Focusesontacticalissues?Reliesonhumanrelationstolubricatehumaninteractions?Followsfulfilsroleexpectationsbystrivingtowkeffectivelywithincurrentsystems?Supptsstructuressystemsthatreinfcetheb
14、ottomlinemaximiseefficiencyguaranteeshttermprofits?Buildsonaman’sneedfmeaning?Ispreoccupiedwithpurposesvaluesmalsethics?Transcendsdailyaffairs?Isientatedtowardlongtermgoalswithoutcompromisinghumanvaluesprinciples?Focuses
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