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1、Lesson1:Psychology:TheScientificStudyofBehaviMentalProcessesAnAbbreviatedHistyI.PrescientificPsychologyA.ReneDescartes(15961650)1.Viewedmindthebodyasinteractivemachinesa.mindcouldinfluencethebodyviceversab.allowedfbothvo
2、luntaryinvoluntarybehavi2.Ruledoutgansotherthanthebrain(e.g.theheart)aslocationsofmentalfunctioning3.Humanmindsconsistedoftwokindsofideasa.Innateideas(i.e.beliefin“God“)b.Derivedideas(i.e.allideasacquiredthroughexperienc
3、ereflection)B.JohnLocke(16321704)1.Empiricistapproachknowledgeshouldbeacquiredbycarefulobservation2.Opposednotionofinnateideasallideascomefromexperiencereflection3.Mindisa“blankslate“(Aristotlestabularasa)writtenonbyexpe
4、rienceII.FoundersofScientificPsychologyA.WilhelmWundt(18321920)1.Foundedthefirstresearchlabatyinpsychology(LeipzigGermany1879)2.Researchmethodsincludedintrospectionpsychophysicalmeasurementsreactiontime3.Hissystemofpsych
5、ologyisoftenmisrepresentedoversimplifieda.IncludedseveraldiverseapproachestopsychologyC.MargaretFloyWashbum:FirstwomantoreceiveaPh.D.inpsychology1894D.MaryWhitonCalkins:FirstwomanelectedpresidentofAPA1905E.IvanPavloPubli
6、shedfirstofmanystudiesonconditionedreflexes1906I.JohnB.Watson1.Leaderofbehaviismpublished“PsychologyastheBehaviistViewsIt“(1913)2.Believedpsychologyshouldstudybehavinotconsciousness3.Viewedenvironmentastheprimedetenninan
7、tofbehavidismissedtheimptanceofinheritedtraitsinstinctsinhumanbehaviK.FrancisCecilSumner:FirstAfricanAmericanPhDinpsychologyActivitiesVideo“ConductingResearch“CriticalThinkingExerciseALesson2:PsychologistsPerspectivesI.C
8、lassificationofPsychologistsA.Practitioner1.Provideservicessuchastherapycounselingconsulting2.MayalsoconductresearchB.Academic1.Employedincollegeuniversitysettings2.Primaryresponisibilitiesincludeteachingresearchwritingb
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