鉆井液工藝原理a(參考答案)

1、中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）2009年秋季學(xué)期第1頁(yè)共6頁(yè)P(yáng)age1課程號(hào)：0201171《鉆井液工藝原理》期末考試試卷（A）考試形式：閉卷考試考試時(shí)間：120分鐘班號(hào)學(xué)號(hào)姓名得分題號(hào)1234567總分得分Note:Note:AllAllanswersanswerscancanbebegivengiveneithereitherininEnglishEnglishChinese!Chinese!1.1.PleasePleaseinterpret

2、interpretthethefollowingfollowingdefinitionsdefinitionsinindetail(detail(解釋下列概念解釋下列概念)（2020pointspoints，eacheach4pointspoints）①.①.MainMainfunctionsfunctionsofofthethedrillingdrillingfluidsfluids（鉆井液的主要功能）（鉆井液的主要功能）:答：答：a

3、)a)a)CarryCarryCarrycuttingscuttingscuttings（攜帶巖屑）（攜帶巖屑）（攜帶巖屑）fromfromfrombeneathbeneathbeneaththethethebitbitbittranspttranspttransptthemthemthemupupupthethetheannulusannulusannuluspermitpermitpermittheirtheirtheirsepar

4、ationseparationseparationatatatthethethesurfacesurfacesurfaceSuspendSuspendSuspendcuttingscuttingscuttings（懸浮巖屑）（懸浮巖屑）（懸浮巖屑）duringduringduringwhenwhenwhenrotationrotationrotationofofofthethethepipepipepipeisisisstopped.s

5、topped.stopped.b)b)b)CoolCoolCoolcleancleancleanthethethebit.bit.bit.c)c)c)ReduceReduceReducefrictionfrictionfrictionbetweenbetweenbetweenthethethedrillingdrillingdrillingstringstringstringthethethesidessidessidesofofoft

6、hethethehole.hole.hole.d)d)d)MaintainMaintainMaintainthethethestabilitystabilitystability（維護(hù)井壁穩(wěn)定）（維護(hù)井壁穩(wěn)定）（維護(hù)井壁穩(wěn)定）ofofofuncaseduncaseduncased（未下套管）（未下套管）（未下套管）sectionssectionssectionsofofofthethethebehole.behole.behole.e)

7、e)e)PreventPreventPreventthethetheinflowinflowinflowofofoffluidsoilfluidsoilfluidsoilgasgasgaswaterfromwaterfromwaterfrompermeablepermeablepermeablerocksrocksrocksperated.perated.perated.f)f)f)TransferTransferTransferhyd

8、raulichydraulichydraulicpowerpowerpowertototothethethedownholedownholedownholemot.mot.mot.g)g)g)FmFmFmaathinthinthinlowpermeabilitylowpermeabilitylowpermeabilityfilterfilterfiltercakecakecake（泥餅）（泥餅）（泥餅）whichwhichwhichse

9、alssealssealspespespesotherotherotheropeningsopeningsopeningsinininfmationsfmationsfmationsperatedperatedperatedbybybythethethebit.bit.bit.h)h)h)AssistAssistAssistinininthethethecollectioncollectioncollectioninterpretati

10、oninterpretationinterpretationofofofinfmationinfmationinfmationavailableavailableavailablefromfromfromdrilldrilldrillcuttingscuttingscuttingscescesceselectricalelectricalelectricallogs.logs.logs.答出其中答出其中答出其中答出其中44點(diǎn)即可。點(diǎn)即可

11、。點(diǎn)即可。點(diǎn)即可。②.②.TheThecausescausesofofthethenegativenegativepotentialpotentialatatthethesurfacesurfaceofofclayclaymineralmineral（粘土礦物表面帶有負(fù)電荷的原因）（粘土礦物表面帶有負(fù)電荷的原因）:答：答：答：答：同晶置換或晶格取代同晶置換或晶格取代同晶置換或晶格取代③.③.GiveGiveconceptconceptt

12、hethedeiondeionofofmudmudcakecakeexplainexplaineffecteffectofofthethecakecakeonondriilingdriilingoperationoperation（泥餅的概念與描述方法及其對(duì)鉆井作業(yè)（泥餅的概念與描述方法及其對(duì)鉆井作業(yè)中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）2009年秋季學(xué)期第3頁(yè)共6頁(yè)P(yáng)age3nK?????[(A13.34Mg0.66)(Si7.0All.0)O20(O

13、H)4]Illite[(KNaCa2)m(AlFeMg)4(SiA1)8O20(OH)4nH2O]basedonthestructurethefmula:a)WhydoesIllitehavemenegativegesthanmontmilloniteb)WhydoesmontmillonitehavemecationexchangecapacitythanIllitec)Whydoesmontmillonitehavemeyieldi

14、ngcapacitythanIllited)WhyisKusedtodrillfmationthancontainmontmillonite（根據(jù)蒙脫石和伊利石的結(jié)構(gòu)及其化學(xué)成分解釋這兩種粘土礦物以下不同特性（根據(jù)蒙脫石和伊利石的結(jié)構(gòu)及其化學(xué)成分解釋這兩種粘土礦物以下不同特性）：（1010pointspointseacheach2pointspoints）a)伊利石晶與伊利石晶與蒙脫石蒙脫石格取代位置的區(qū)別？格取代位置的區(qū)別？b)為什么

15、伊利石的負(fù)電荷比蒙脫石多？為什么伊利石的負(fù)電荷比蒙脫石多？c)為什么蒙脫石陽(yáng)離子交換容量比伊利石多？為什么蒙脫石陽(yáng)離子交換容量比伊利石多？d)為什么蒙脫石的造漿能力最強(qiáng)？為什么蒙脫石的造漿能力最強(qiáng)？e)為什么用為什么用K鉆進(jìn)含蒙脫石地層？鉆進(jìn)含蒙脫石地層？答：a）伊利石多發(fā)生在硅氧四面體，蒙脫石多發(fā)生在鋁氧八面體；b)伊利石晶格取代比蒙脫石多；c)伊利石層間陽(yáng)離子K不易交換；d)蒙脫石OO分子連接，陽(yáng)離子交換容量大；e)利用K進(jìn)入粘土晶

16、層，大小與SiO四面體六角環(huán)狀大小相近，可嵌入特點(diǎn)4.4.PleasePleasewritewriteoutoutthetherheologicalrheologicalequationequationofofBinghamBinghamPlasticPlasticfluidfluidstatestateitsitsphysicalphysicalmeaningsmeaningsinfluentialinfluentialfactsfa