土木工程專業(yè)英語詞匯(整理版)

1、第一部分必須掌握，第一部分必須掌握，第二部分盡量掌握第二部分盡量掌握第一部分：第一部分：1FiniteElementMethod有限單元法2專業(yè)英語SpecialtyEnglish3水利工程HydraulicEngineering4土木工程CivilEngineering5地下工程UndergroundEngineering6巖土工程GeotechnicalEngineering7道路工程Road(Highway)Engineering

2、8橋梁工程BridgeEngineering9隧道工程TunnelEngineering10工程力學EngineeringMechanics11交通工程TrafficEngineering12港口工程PtEngineering13安全性safety17木結構timberstructure18砌體結構masonrystructure19混凝土結構concretestructure20鋼結構steelstructure21鋼混凝土復合結構s

3、teelconcretecompositestructure22素混凝土plainconcrete23鋼筋混凝土reinfcedconcrete24鋼筋rebar25預應力混凝土prestressedconcrete26靜定結構staticallydeterminatestructure27超靜定結構staticallyindeterminatestructure28桁架結構trussstructure29空間網(wǎng)架結構spatialgr

4、idstructure30近海工程offsheengineering31靜力學statics32運動學kinematics33動力學dynamics34簡支梁simplysupptedbeam35固定支座fixedbearing36彈性力學elasticity37塑性力學plasticity38彈塑性力學elasoplasticity39斷裂力學fractureMechanics40土力學soilmechanics41水力學hydrau

5、lics42流體力學fluidmechanics43固體力學solidmechanics44集中力concentratedfce45壓力pressure46靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure47均布壓力unifmpressure48體力bodyfce49重力gravity50線荷載lineload51彎矩bendingmoment52tque扭矩53應力stress54應變stain55正應力nmalstress56剪應力s

6、hearingstress57主應力principalstress58變形defmation59內力internalfce60偏移量撓度deflection61settlement沉降62屈曲失穩(wěn)buckle63軸力axialfce64允許應力allowablestress65疲勞分析fatigueanalysis66梁beam67殼shell68板plate69橋bridge70樁pile71主動土壓力activeearthpress

7、ure72被動土壓力passiveearthpressure73承載力loadbearingcapacity74水位waterHeight75位移displacement76結構力學structuralmechanics77材料力學materialmechanics78經(jīng)緯儀altometer79水準儀level80學科discipline81子學科subdiscipline82期刊journalperiodical83文獻litera

8、ture84ISSNInternationalStardSerialNumber國際標準刊號85ISBNInternationalStardBookNumber國際標準書號86卷volume87期number88專著monograph89會議論文集Proceeding90學位論文thesisdissertation91專利patent92檔案檔案室archive93國際學術會議conference94導師advis95學位論文答辯def

9、enseofthesis96博士研究生doctatestudent97研究生postgraduate98EIEngineeringIndex工程索引99SCIScienceCitationIndex科學引文索引布8dewateringmethod降低地下水位法9wellpointsystem井點系統(tǒng)（輕型）10deepwellpoint深井點11vacuumwellpoint真空井點12bracedcuts支撐圍護13bracedexc

10、avation支撐開挖14bracedsheeting支撐擋板七.深基礎deepfoundation1.pilefoundation樁基礎1)cast–inplace灌注樁divingcastingcastinplacepile沉管灌注樁bedpile鉆孔樁specialshapedcastinplacepile機控異型灌注樁pilessetintorock嵌巖灌注樁rammedbulbpile夯擴樁2)belledpierfounda

11、tion鉆孔墩基礎drilledpierfoundation鉆孔擴底墩underreamedbedpier3)precastconcretepile預制混凝土樁4)steelpile鋼樁steelpipepile鋼管樁steelsheetpile鋼板樁5)prestressedconcretepile預應力混凝土樁prestressedconcretepipepile預應力混凝土管樁2.caissonfoundation沉井（箱）3.d

12、iaphragmwall地下連續(xù)墻截水墻4.frictionpile摩擦樁5.endbearingpile端承樁6.shaft豎井；樁身7.waveequationanalysis波動方程分析8.pilecaps承臺（樁帽）9.bearingcapacityofsinglepile單樁承載力10.lateralpileloadtest單樁橫向載荷試驗11.ultimatelateralresistanceofsinglepile單樁橫向

13、極限承載力12.staticloadtestofpile單樁豎向靜荷載試驗13.verticalallowableloadcapacity單樁豎向容許承載力14.lowpilecap低樁承臺15.highrisepilecap高樁承臺16.verticalultimateupliftresistanceofsinglepile單樁抗拔極限承載力17.silentpiling靜力壓樁18.upliftpile抗拔樁19.antislide

14、pile抗滑樁20.pilegroups群樁21.efficiencyfactofpilegroups群樁效率系數(shù)（η）22.efficiencyofpilegroups群樁效應23.dynamicpiletesting樁基動測技術24.finalset最后貫入度25.dynamicloadtestofpile樁動荷載試驗26.pileintegritytest樁的完整性試驗27.pilehead=butt樁頭28.piletip=pi

15、lepoint=piletoe樁端（頭）29.pilespacing樁距30.pileplan樁位布置圖31.arrangementofpiles=pilelayout樁的布置32.groupaction群樁作用33.endbearing=tipresistance樁端阻34.skin(side)friction=shaftresistance樁側阻35.pilecushion樁墊36.piledriving(byvibration)（

16、振動）打樁37.pilepullingtest拔樁試驗38.pileshoe樁靴39.pilenoise打樁噪音40.pilerig打樁機九.固結consolidation1.Terzzaghi’sconsolidationthey太沙基固結理論2.Barraon’sconsolidationthey巴隆固結理論3.Biot’sconsolidationthey比奧固結理論4.overconsolidationration(OCR)超固

17、結比5.overconsolidationsoil超固結土6.excesspewaterpressure超孔壓力7.multidimensionalconsolidation多維固結8.onedimensionalconsolidation一維固結9.primaryconsolidation主固結10.secondaryconsolidation次固結11.degreeofconsolidation固結度12.consolidation

18、test固結試驗13.consolidationcurve固結曲線14.timefactTv時間因子15.coefficientofconsolidation固結系數(shù)16.preconsolidationpressure前期固結壓力17.principleofeffectivestress有效應力原理18.consolidationunderK0conditionK0固結十.抗剪強度抗剪強度shearstrength1.undraine

19、dshearstrength不排水抗剪強度2.residualstrength殘余強度3.longtermstrength長期強度4.peakstrength峰值強度5.shearstrainrate剪切應變速率6.dilatation剪脹7.effectivestressapproachofshearstrength剪脹抗剪強度有效應力法8.totalstressapproachofshearstrength抗剪強度總應力法9.Moh

20、rCoulombthey莫爾－庫侖理論10.angleofinternalfriction內摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failurecriterion破壞準則13.vanestrength十字板抗剪強度14.unconfinedcompression無側限抗壓強度15.effectivestressfailureenvelop有效應力破壞包線16.effectivestressstrengthparameter有效應力強度

21、參數(shù)十一十一.本構模型本構模型constitutivemodel1.elasticmodel彈性模型2.nonlinearelasticmodel非線性彈性模型3.elastoplasticmodel彈塑性模型4.viscoelasticmodel粘彈性模型5.boundarysurfacemodel邊界面模型6.DuncanChangmodel鄧肯－張模型7.rigidplasticmodel剛塑性模型8.capmodel蓋帽模型9.

22、wksoftening加工軟化10.wkhardening加工硬化11.Cambridgemodel劍橋模型12.idealelastoplasticmodel理想彈塑性模型13.MohrCoulombyieldcriterion莫爾－庫侖屈服準則14.yieldsurface屈服面15.elastichalfspacefoundationmodel彈性半空間地基模型16.elasticmodulus彈性模量17.Winklerfoun

23、dationmodel文克爾地基模型十二十二.地基承載力地基承載力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil1.punchingshearfailure沖剪破壞2.generalshearfailure整體剪切破化3.localshearfailure局部剪切破壞4.stateoflimitequilibrium極限平衡狀態(tài)5.criticaledgepressure臨塑荷載6.stabilityoffoundati