--南雄市高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田建設(shè)與規(guī)劃測量技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)

1、摘要近代以來耕地減少的趨勢都與受農(nóng)耕水平影響的生態(tài)環(huán)境密切相關(guān)。南雄山地的土層本來很薄，土質(zhì)容易受氣候的影響而風(fēng)化，雨季來時(shí)由于地面徑流的作用而受到?jīng)_刷。農(nóng)民耕作的強(qiáng)度以及不良的耕作方式、災(zāi)害的發(fā)生，加快了水土流失的速度。對山地的不良耕作習(xí)慣是長期以來造成水土流失的原因。同時(shí)南雄的水利建設(shè)受到自然生態(tài)以及社會生態(tài)的嚴(yán)重制約。即使南雄山區(qū)的農(nóng)耕水平有了較大的提高，但是惡劣的生態(tài)環(huán)境條件制約了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的水平，也制約了人們應(yīng)對環(huán)境的能力，使南

2、雄山區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展長期處于一個(gè)較低水平。本文分析了南雄山區(qū)耕地減少的農(nóng)田和農(nóng)耕技術(shù)要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的演變，以及與生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系。探討了實(shí)施高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田建設(shè)與規(guī)劃測量相關(guān)工作，為建立農(nóng)田水利工程、田間道路工程、農(nóng)田防護(hù)林工程以及土地平整等一系列的工程建設(shè)規(guī)劃設(shè)施提供了技術(shù)保障。關(guān)鍵詞：高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田；規(guī)劃測量；技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)目錄目錄1緒論...........................................

3、.............................................................................11.1研究背景條件和目的...................................................................................11.2高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田概述..................................

4、.................................................21.2.1農(nóng)田的概念........................................................................................21.2.2高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田概念和意義......................................................

5、......21.3測區(qū)概況.......................................................................................................31.3.1測區(qū)自然地理概述............................................................................31.3.2測繪基準(zhǔn)...

6、.........................................................................................41.3.3已有資料情況....................................................................................42控制測量.............................

7、.....................................................................................52.1平面控制測量...............................................................................................52.1.1選點(diǎn)和埋石...................

8、.....................................................................52.1.2控制網(wǎng)編號........................................................................................62.1.3控制網(wǎng)布設(shè).........................................

9、...............................................72.1.4精度要求............................................................................................72.1.5施測方法.............................................................

10、...............................82.1.6數(shù)據(jù)處理............................................................................................92.2高程控制測量.............................................................................

11、................102.2.1選點(diǎn)和埋石......................................................................................102.2.2水準(zhǔn)路線控制點(diǎn)編號......................................................................112.2.3控制網(wǎng)布設(shè)........

12、..............................................................................122.2.4精度要求..........................................................................................122.2.5施測方法..............................

13、............................................................132.2.6數(shù)據(jù)處理..........................................................................................133數(shù)字化成圖...................................................

14、.........................................................133.1外業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)采集.............................................................................................153.1.1外業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)采集要求............................................

15、..............................153.1.2外業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)采集綜合取舍的原則......................................................163.2內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理.............................................................................................163.2.1內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處

16、理步驟..........................................................................163.2.2圖形文件生成與編輯......................................................................183.3農(nóng)田規(guī)劃測量..............................................

17、...............................................193.3.1農(nóng)田工程布局方案比選..................................................................193.3.2農(nóng)田水利工程布局..........................................................................1

18、93.3.3田間道路工程布局..........................................................................193.3.4農(nóng)田防護(hù)林工程布局......................................................................203.4農(nóng)田基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè).................................

19、....................................................203.4.1土地平整工程建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)..................................................................203.4.2灌溉與排水工程建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)..............................................................213.4