英語語法分析

1、一、英語中的句子成分分析ImetmybestfriendTomattheststionyesterday.主語謂語定語賓語同位語狀語1、主語：是一句的主體，是全句訴說的對象，常用名詞、數(shù)詞或代詞擔(dān)任（是全句談?wù)摰闹行脑掝}）。例：(1)Studentssyudy.（名詞）(2)Wearefridends.（代詞）(3)Togotogooduniversityishisfirstgoal.（不定式）(4)Doingmningexercise

2、isgoodfyourhealth.（動名詞）(5)Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.(6)Shewentoutinahurry.(7)Fourplusfouriseight.(8)Toseeistobelieve.(9)Smokingisbadfhealth.(10)Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.(11)Whathehassaidistrue.2、謂語：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或

3、狀態(tài)，常用動詞或動詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語的后面（主語做什么了、怎么了）。例：(1)Studentsstudy.（實意動詞）(2)Wearefriends.（be動詞）(3)WeloveChina.(4)Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.(5)HecanspeakEnglish.（復(fù)合謂語）(6)Sheseemstired.(7)Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.(8)Helookedaft

4、ertwophans.3、賓語：表示行為的對象，常由名詞或代詞擔(dān)任，放在及物動詞或代詞之后（動作的對象，目標；位于及物動詞之后）。賓語分為間接賓語和直接賓語。直接賓語指物，間接賓語指人。例：(a)Hegavemesomebooks.間接賓語直接賓語(b)Pleasepassmethebook.(c)Heboughtmesomeflowers.(1)Theyareteachers.(2)Iplaywithhim.(3)Welovewatc

5、hingfootballgames.(3)Thebagistooheavy.(4)Iwillbebackinawhile.(5)Theyareplayingontheplayground.(6)Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.(7)Hegotupsolatethathemissedthetrain.(8)Iwaitedtoseeyou.(9)Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.(10)Hispare

6、ntsdiedleavinghimanphan.(11)Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.(12)Thisbookisveryinteresting.(13)Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.(14)Healwayscomeslatetoschool.7、表語：系動詞后的部分就是表語，表語是用來說明主語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。一般由名詞或者形容詞擔(dān)任。常見的系動詞有：be(amisarewe

7、rewas)aapearlookseemfeelsmelltastesoundkeepturnbecomegetgrowcomegoetc.系動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。例：(1)Thistableislong.(2)Theappletastessweet.(3)Thewarwasover.(4)Theyseemtoknowthetruth.(5)Timeisprecious.(6)I’mnotquitemyselftoday.(7)Whowa

8、sthefirst(8)Heisoutofcondition.(9)ThebookiswhatIneed.通常情況下，主語和賓語前的成分是定語，謂語前的成分是狀語，時間作狀語放在句子的后面。（定語）主語（狀語）謂語（定語）賓語（狀語）。(1)(Thetall)boy(often)go(tothebig)zoo.(2)(Thehappy)childwent(his)homeyesterday.英語句子成分歌：英語句子八呀八大塊，主謂賓表真