射孔技術(shù)

1、New Perforating and TestingTechniques新的射孔和測(cè)試技術(shù),Introduction 引 言,From well testing for reservoir evaluation to completion and remedial intervention, perforating is a key to succesful exploration, economic oil and

2、 gas production, long-term well productivity and efficient hydrocarbon recovery.從油藏評(píng)價(jià)的試井到完井以及補(bǔ)救性修井作業(yè)，射孔一直是成功地進(jìn)行勘探、經(jīng)濟(jì)地進(jìn)行油氣生產(chǎn)、保持油井產(chǎn)能以及有效進(jìn)行油氣開采的關(guān)鍵。,Natural Completion 正常完井,Formation Damage 地層損害Deep Penetration

3、 深穿透 Layered Formation 層狀地層Deep Penetration and High Shoot Density深穿透和高射孔密度 Natural Fractures 天然裂縫Deep Penetration and Phasing深穿透和相位調(diào)整 Perforating Damage 射孔損害Underbalance 欠平衡,Natural Completi

4、on 正常完井,Common Factor:共同的因素：,Penetration !!!穿透深度 !!!,PowerJet !!!,Features PowerJet 的特點(diǎn),New Liner Material 新的襯管材料High Density 高密度 New Liner Design 新的襯管設(shè)計(jì)Optimized for penetration in Hard Rock在硬巖石中

5、優(yōu)化穿透深度 Optimized Velocity Profile 優(yōu)化的速度剖面Computer aided design 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì) Extensive Effort in Manufacturing / QC在制造和質(zhì)量控制方面有重大改進(jìn)Use of SRC to test and verify designs在研究中心(SRC)對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行測(cè)試和驗(yàn)證,Examples 實(shí) 例,Exampl

6、es 實(shí) 例,Powerjet in Karamay 新的襯管材料Average increase of 30 % productivity 高密度,Test in SRC 在SRC的測(cè)試,Performance Measured 對(duì)性能進(jìn)行測(cè)量,Performance Measured 對(duì)性能進(jìn)行測(cè)量,PowerJet,Undisclosed Local Manufacturing,Oriented P

7、erforating 定向射孔,Improve hydraulic fracturing placement and performance改進(jìn)水力壓裂充填和效果Sand Prevention through avoidance of regions prone to failure 通過避開容易發(fā)生破裂的區(qū)域可以預(yù)防出砂Maximize intersection of perforations with natural

8、fissures盡可能讓射孔孔眼與更多的天然裂縫相交Avoid damage to downhole equipment (e.g. adjacent production strings)避免對(duì)井下設(shè)備的損壞(例如鄰近的生產(chǎn)套管),Applications: 應(yīng)用:,OP Applications 定向射孔的應(yīng)用,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Improving the Wellbore to Frac

9、ture connectivity改善井眼與裂縫之間的連通性,Hydraulic Fracturing水力壓裂,OP Applications 定向射孔的應(yīng)用,Productivity Optimization – Natural Fractures優(yōu)化產(chǎn)能 – 天然裂縫,,,,,Sub - Parallel FissuresUndesirable不希望與裂縫接近平行,Orthogonal FissuresDesira

10、ble希望與裂縫正交,OP Applications 定向射孔的應(yīng)用,Sand Prevention 防 砂,,Uneven stresses within the reservoir油藏內(nèi)應(yīng)力不均勻Any discontinuities introduced (i.e. wellbore, perforation) result in localized stress increases引入的任何不連續(xù)特

11、征(即井眼和射孔孔眼)都會(huì)造成局部應(yīng)力增加Formation failure resulting in sand production地層破裂導(dǎo)致出砂,OP Applications 定向射孔的應(yīng)用,Reduction in SandProductionProduction Increase 出砂減少比例(%) 產(chǎn)量增比例(%)1

12、號(hào)井 Well 1 93572號(hào)井 Well 293613號(hào)井 Well 374384號(hào)井 Well 49766,Field Example - Venezuela現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)例 - 委內(nèi)瑞拉,Control sand production 控制出砂Increase hydrocarbon production 增加油氣產(chǎn)量Instantaneous payout 立即見到經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,

13、OP System 定向射孔系統(tǒng),,Wireline Swivel電纜旋轉(zhuǎn)接頭,Inclinomenter(CCL, etc)測(cè)斜儀(CCL, 等),Gyro housing,Eccentering springs & indexing sub偏心彈簧和轉(zhuǎn)位短節(jié),Perforating system射孔系統(tǒng),Electrical Control from surface 從地面進(jìn)行電控制Real time

14、 display實(shí)時(shí)顯示CCLDeviation and relative bearing井斜和相對(duì)方位Tool orientation along dual (x-y) axis儀器沿雙(x-y)軸的方位,Eccentering springs & indexing sub,OP System 定向射孔系統(tǒng),Length: 23 ft, including gyro housing and no guns

15、長(zhǎng)度: 23 英尺, 包括陀螺儀外殼，不包括射孔槍Accuracy: ? 10 deg精度: ? 10 度Well deviation 20 or greater井斜 20 或更大Gun indexing within 50 射孔槍轉(zhuǎn)位 50以內(nèi)Gun sizes: 1-11/16” to 5”射孔槍尺寸: 1-11/

16、16英寸到5英寸 Max. temp: 3500F; Max Press. 20 kpsi最大耐溫: 3500F; 最大耐壓： 20 kpsi,Multi-Phase Meter 多相流量計(jì),Accurate oil, gas & water flowrates with Vx technologyTest your untestable wellsMaximize

17、 well and field performanceImprove safety and reduce environmental riskLower production well testing costNo dynamic calibration or meter training requiredBased on reliable and field-proven technologies利用Vx技術(shù)準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量油、氣

18、、水流量對(duì)無法測(cè)試的井進(jìn)行測(cè)試改善油井和油田的動(dòng)態(tài)加強(qiáng)安全并降低環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低生產(chǎn)井測(cè)試成本不需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)標(biāo)定或儀表培訓(xùn)采用可靠的并在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)得到實(shí)際應(yīng)用的技術(shù),Multi-Phase Meter 多相流量計(jì),PhaseTester,PhaseWatcher,Mobile Well to WellProduction Testing逐井進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)測(cè)試,Permanently InstalledTesting Facili

19、ty固定安裝的測(cè)試設(shè)備,Multi-Phase Meter 多相流量計(jì),Completed over 450 commercial well tests已完成450多次試井作業(yè),PhaseTester,,Over 50 units installed - 100 years of recorded data已安裝50多套設(shè)備 - 100年的記錄數(shù)據(jù),PhaseWatcher Fr /Vx,Remote - Unmanned