中考英語 話題二十二 科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)習(xí)題1

1、1話題二十二話題二十二科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)(Popular(Popularsciencesciencemodernmoderntechnology)technology)Ⅰ.完形填空A(20162016淮安改編)Haveyoueverheardof“aballofenergy”？Peopleoftenuseittodescribevery__1__children.Buttodaywetellaboutaninventi

2、oncalledthesOccketthatisarealsoccerballofenergy.JuliaSilvermanexplainsthat__2__thesOccketisaptablegenerat(便攜式發(fā)電機(jī)).JuliaSilvermanJessicaMatthews__3__thesOccketaspartofagroupproject(項(xiàng)目)fanengineeringclassatHarvardUniversit

3、y.Therearemechanisms(裝置)inasOccket.Whenyoukickhit__4__itenergyisthenkeptinitbythesemechanismsinsteadofdisappearingintotheenvironment.Thentheusercanputsomethingdirectlyintotheballlikealamp(燈)amobilephoneger(充電器)__5__theyc

4、angetenergyfromit.FeveryfifteenminutesofthegameplaythesOccketcan__6__enoughelectricityfanLEDlampfthreehoursthe__7__cansteupto24hourselectricity.TheInternationalEnergyAssociationreptedlastyearthat__8__oneahalfbillionpeopl

5、einthewldhadnoelectricitytousemostofthemliveinsub－SaharanAfricainIndiaother__9__inAsia.JuliaSilvermanJessicaMatthewsbothhad__10__indevelopingcountriesbefetheybegantheproject.Theyknewthatpowershtagesareaseriousprobleminma

6、nyareas.Theresanenergycrisis(危機(jī))inthewld.Onefifthpeopleinthewlddonthaveany__11__.besidesthattherearealotofhealthproblemsbecausewhatpeopleuseinsteadoftheelectricityare__12__choiceslikekerosene(煤油)lamps.They__13__alotofsmo

7、ke.JuliaSilvermansaysthesOccketballisonesmallsolutiontoabigproblem.JessicaMatthewsJuliaSilvermanhopetheirsOccketballwill__14__melightontheproblemofpowershtages.It__15__peopleachancetoputtheirenergyintothewldsmostpopulars

8、ptgetsomeenergyinreturn.(B)1.A.lazyBactiveCbedDsilent(D)2.A.inthefaceofBintotalCinthatcaseDinfact(A)3.A.developedBinfluencedClockedDmailed310D考查名詞辨析。hero“英雄”；instruction“說明”；sentence“句子”；experience“經(jīng)歷”。由下句“Theyknewthatpo

9、wershtagesareaseriousprobleminmanyareas.”可知他們?cè)诎l(fā)展中國家經(jīng)歷了電力短缺的問題。故選D。11A考查名詞辨析。electricity“電力”；creativity“創(chuàng)造力”；discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；ability“能力”。由上文“oneahalfbillionpeopleinthewldhadnoelectricitytouse”可知是指“電力”短缺。故選A。12B考查形容詞辨析。wise“

10、明智的”；harmful“有害的”；good“好的”；helpful“有幫助的”。由“l(fā)ikekerosene(煤油)lamps”和“alotofsmoke”可知是指用“有害的”方式來取代電力照明。故選B。13C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。kill“殺死”；sell“買”；produce“產(chǎn)生”；give“給”。眾所周知，煤油燈點(diǎn)燃時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的煙。故選C。14A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。shine“發(fā)光”；celebrate“慶?！?；create“創(chuàng)造”；di

11、vide“分開”。由“sOccketballisonesmallsolutiontoabigproblem”以及sOccketball是個(gè)能量提供裝置可知他們希望sOccketball能發(fā)出更多的光。故選A。15D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。refuse“拒絕”；guess“猜”；lend“借”；offer“提供；給予”。由上文后半句“getsomeenergyinreturn”可知是為人們提供把能量注入足球中的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。B(20162016山西

12、改編)請(qǐng)先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。每個(gè)詞限用一次。greetsmilesendlivelyimpolitehappywheneasyreasonpersonWhenIopenmye－mailtheotherdayRachelaprettywomanappearedonmycomputerscreen.Shegreetedmebynamestartedtalking1happily.Sometimes

13、shestopped2to__smileatmeblowakiss.ItwascoolrightInfactshewasreadingtomeane`mailfrommybrotherJohn.RachelchouldbetherebecauseofanewtechnologycalledFacemail.Facemailletsyou3sendemailsinafunnyway.Byusingityouremailscanberead

14、tothereceiverbyanattractive4personbyaclown(小丑).Youcandownloadthesoftwareatwww.withoutpaying.Facemailfacesare5livelytheycansimulate(模仿)theemotionsthatyouputinyourtext.Fexampletype(輸入)in，Rachelblowsakiss.LifeFXthecompanyth

15、atdevelopedtheFacemailissuretherearewidebusinessuses.WhyisebusinessnotsopopularnowOneofthe6reasonsisthatbuyingonlinehasnohumantouch.ButifyougototheNikewebsitethefamousbasketballstarMichaelJdan7greetsyoubynameservesyouper