英語語言學試卷精粹(12套題)

1、第一部分 第一部分 選擇題 選擇題 1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for “correct“ linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A、 prescriptiveB、 sociolinguisti

2、cC、 descriptiveD、 psycholinguistic 2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.A、 mouthB、 lipsC、 tongueD、 vocal cords 3、The morpheme “vision“ in the common word “television“ is a(n) ___.A、 bound morphe

3、meB、 bound formC、 inflectional morphemeD、 free morpheme 4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.A、 coordinatorB、 particleC、 prepositionD、 subordinator 主從連詞 5、“

4、Can I borrow your bike?“ ___ “You have a bike.“A、 is synonymous withB、 is inconsistent withC、 entailsD、 presupposes 6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences

5、is called ___.A、 semanticsB、 pragmaticsC、 sociolinguisticsD、 psycholinguistics 7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization 泛化.A、 elaborationB、 simplification 精簡C、

6、 external borrowingD、 internal borrowing 8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A、 Lingua franca 通用語B、 CreoleC、 PidginD、 Standard

7、 language 標準語言9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to langua

8、ge, namely, ___ .A、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrus 角回B、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC、 Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neuronsD、 Broca's area, Werni

9、cke's area and Exner's area 10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconcious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A、 learningB、 co

10、mpetenceC、 performanceD、 acquisition第二部分 第二部分 非選擇題 非選擇題 11、Chomsky defines “competence“ as the ideal user's k of the rules of his language. 12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, t

11、hey are all b . 13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 14、A s is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words

12、to form a completestatement, question or command. 15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under allcircumstances are called c synonyms. 16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker to something's b

13、eing the case, to the truth of what has been said. 17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c . 18、Wherever the standard language can use a contract

14、ion (he+is→he's), Black English can d the form of “be“. 19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c period for first langu

15、age acquisition. 20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, i is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies

16、 of the learner. III. Directions: true or false. explain why you A.They cannot pronounce/n/ B.Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongueC.The teachers do not have a good teachin

17、g methodD.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called __word.( )A.a polysemous B.a synonymousC.an abnormal D.a multiple7.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn'

18、;t it?”is __.( )A.informative B.phatic C.directive D.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.( )A.usage B.grammar C.pr

19、onunciation D.structure9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.( )A.Linguistic geography B.LexicologyC.Lexicography D.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic componen

20、ts of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.( )A.+animate,+male,+human,-adultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult二、填空題 二、填空題(每空 每空 1 分，共 分，共 10 分)11.A sent

21、ence is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of w________ to form a complete statement,q________or command.12.In sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s__g________.13.Utter

22、ance is based on ________ ________ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a context.14.To many people,a linguist is the same as a ________,one who

23、 can speak several languages fluently.15.Consonant sounds can be either v ________or v__,while all vowel sounds are v________.三、判斷說明題 三、判斷說明題16.All words may be said to contain a root morpheme.( )17.Tense and refer

24、ence are two terms often encountered in the study of meaning.( )18.Linguistics is the course of language.( )19.The part of a sentence which compriese comprises an infinite verb or a verb phrase is grammatically

25、 called predicate.( )20.Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.( )21.The term dialect,as a technical term in linguistics,carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form

26、of language.( )22.Morphology is translated as 形態(tài)學。( )23.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )24.The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.( )25.Semantics is the main pa

27、rt of linguistics.( )四、名詞解釋 四、名詞解釋(每小題 每小題 3 分，共 分，共 30 分)26.general linguistics27.suprasegmental features28.root and stem29.hierarchical structure30.naming theory and conceptualist view31.maxims of quality and mann