[雙語翻譯]服裝設(shè)計外文翻譯--工作服設(shè)計對工人舒適度的影響

1、3600 英文單詞， 英文單詞，16000 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 4950 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Bragança S, Fontes L, Arezes P, et al. The Impact of Work Clothing Design on Workers’ Comfort[J]. Procedia Manufacturing, 2015, 3: 5889-5896.The impact of work

2、clothing design on workers’ comfortSara Bragança, Liliana Fontes, Pedro Arezes, Elazer R. Edelman, Miguel CarvalhoAbstractPhysical and physiological comfort, at work and during leisure time, is important to human he

3、alth and motivation. A growing number of jobs require workers to sit. Most clothes, except those intended for wheelchair users, were designed for walking or the standing position. Clothing designs should be user-oriented

4、 and meet users’ needs. Garment design should conform to body position and posture, not just shape and size. In this paper we present the ergometric impact of a new type of trousers designed to adapt to changes in positi

5、on. Concentrations of compression forces, temperature and pressure were documented in an exploratory pilot study and contrasted to traditional designs. The new trousers showed significant decreases in compression force c

6、oncentration, especially in and around the knees and waist. Most participants identified comfort as an important factor when purchasing a pair of trousers and that, for working purposes, they would prefer these special t

7、rousers rather than traditional designs.Keywords: Sitting position; Clothing design; Comfort; Compression; Pressure.1. IntroductionPeople are increasingly sedentary, especially at work, where they may spend 8 to 9h with

8、minimal mobility [1]. Most working adults spend 1/2 to 2/3 of their time at work in a sitting position [2], and in some jobs, such as the case of call centers, the time spent on sedentary behavior can reach 90% [3].Seden

9、tary behavior is an independent risk factor for obesity, diabetes and some types of cancer [4, 5]. Prolonged sitting has been associated with swelling of the lower extremities, discomfort, venous disorders, and vascular

10、derangements [6, 7, 8]. Sitting may be less stressful on the lower extremity joints [9, 10], but at the cost of increased risk of low back pain [11, 12]. Many health specialists, such as orthopedists and physical therapi

11、sts, assume that the de-conditioning of the trunk and lumbar spine structures occur with long-term sitting without longer active periods of standing, walking or running, causing low back pain and accelerated degeneration

12、 of lumbar spinal structures [13].Apart from the adverse health effects caused by the sitting position, the body’s shape and size also changes. Carvalho et al. [14] performed a comparative anatomical study between the st

13、anding and sitting positions, analyzing the dimensional and postural alterations of the individuals. With this information they identified the changes that occur when people sit, including:? Shortage of the trunk;? Incre

14、ase in volume in the abdominal region;? Change in height, volume and inclination of the waist;? Enlargement of the hips;? Redistribution of the muscular mass in the thighs;? Increase of upper-back bending;? Modification

15、of the angular position of the elbow;? Increase of the leg frontal length caused by the flexion of the knees.forces by repositioning the trouser waistband, providing higher levels of comfort;? Removal of excess tissue ac

16、cumulated on the back of the knee when the user assumes the sitting position.This paper presents a pilot exploratory study of workers’ perception of regular jeans, designed for the standing position, and FYT jeans specia

17、lly designed for dynamic and sitting positions.2. Methods2.1. Data collectionSix subjects participated in this pilot test. Since an important aspect of this study was the perceived comfort reported by the users in the si

18、tting position, the selected participants were limited to people that work in the seated position and that usually wear trousers similar to those tested in this study.In this test, variables related to compression, tempe

19、rature and pressure were analyzed, using appropriate sensors (Figure 1).Compression was measured with six Plux© compression sensors (Figure 1a). These sensors were physically connected to a device, which then transm

20、itted recorded data via Bluetooth to a tablet. The same device supported one temperature sensor (NTC thermistor) that was attached to the back of the participant’s right knee (Figure 1b). Pressure was measured using a Te

21、kscan’s ConformatTM #5330 (Figure 1c) and Research software. This mat is composed by 1024 piezoresistive organized in a 32x32 square array. The compression sensors and the temperature sensor were placed with adhesive tap

22、e on several body locations, (Figure 2). The mat was placed on a typical office chair where participants sat and worked as usual, thus enabling the recording of the contact pressure between the seat and the participant.a

23、) Compression sensor b) Temperature sensor c) Pressure matFig. 1. Sensors used in this studyThe test was performed for all six participants at the beginning of the day, to ensure that they all would be abl

24、e to wear the trousers for a whole working day (approximately an 8h period).The measurement procedure consisted of three different stages:1. Measurement with regular jeans;2. Measurement with FYT jeans (sacral zipper clo

25、sed);3. Measurement with FYT jeans (sacral zipper open).Each measurement was conducted for 15 minutes, for a total of 45 minutes. During these 15-minute measurements the participants were asked to perform their usual tas

26、ks, sitting at a desk, in front of their computer (Figure 3). The first measurements were conducted with participants wearing their personal jeans, while the second and third set of measurements were conducted with parti