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簡介：碩士學位論文基于改進代理模型航天器結構基于改進代理模型航天器結構可靠性可靠性優(yōu)化設計優(yōu)化設計RELIABILITYBASEDDESIGNOPTIMIZATIONOFSPACECRAFTSTRUCTUREBASEDONIMPROVEDSURROGATEMODEL作者姓名鞏萃穎學科、專業(yè)工程力學學號21403027指導教師李剛教授完成日期2017年6月大連理工大學DALIANUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY大連理工大學碩士學位論文I摘要加筋柱殼結構和格柵結構是航空航天領域中常見的結構形式，常常應用于大型運載火箭的級間段、整流罩和燃料貯箱等部段。減重任務對于飛行器的設計尤為重要，另外，飛行器在載荷環(huán)境、計算模型簡化、幾何制造公差、材料性能等方面均存在不確定性，基于可靠度的優(yōu)化可以盡可能地考慮這些不確定性，獲得兼?zhèn)浣?jīng)濟和安全的最優(yōu)方案。本文面向加筋柱殼和格柵等航天器結構，建立了一個高效穩(wěn)定的基于改進精度代理模型的可靠性優(yōu)化框架。它以結構減重為目標，考慮結構在幾何制造公差、材料性能和載荷分布方面的隨機性，主要考慮軸力、彎矩、剪力和側向外壓工況下結構屈曲失穩(wěn)的失效模式，對結構的幾何尺寸和筋條數(shù)目進行優(yōu)化設計。該優(yōu)化框架的主要內(nèi)容是，首先，按照靈敏度分析確定代理模型參變量、選擇代理模型類型、擴大訓練樣本集的設計空間、全局搜索優(yōu)化參數(shù)、放松局部設計域的精度要求的步驟建立改進代理模型，獲取復雜載荷信息的統(tǒng)計規(guī)律以后，將載荷分布當量正態(tài)化，然后，內(nèi)層采用自適應混沌控制的改進均值法獲取可靠度信息，傳遞到外層全局尋優(yōu)的演化算法進行可靠度優(yōu)化，得到最優(yōu)方案后，重新在最優(yōu)點附近建立一個更高精度的局部代理模型，使用MONTECARLO方法對最優(yōu)方案的失效概率進行驗證。然后，本文使用該優(yōu)化框架實現(xiàn)了對航天飛行器中兩個典型構型金屬正置正交加筋柱殼結構和復合材料KAGOME格柵柱殼及錐殼結構的可靠性優(yōu)化工作，驗證了該優(yōu)化框架解決工程結構可靠性優(yōu)化設計問題的有效性及高效性，并探索得出通過改變幾何尺寸提高這兩類結構承載效率和安全可靠性的普適性規(guī)律。另外，本文還提出兩種在可靠性優(yōu)化設計中考慮載荷隨機性的方式一種是按照載荷的真實分布把載荷允許值作為隨機變量帶入功能函數(shù)，另外一種是將載荷均值項與標準差項線性相加后作為一個確定值帶入功能函數(shù)。在本文的優(yōu)化框架下，這兩種方法均能在保證結構安全可靠度要求的同時，獲得減重效果最好的方案，且效果均優(yōu)于基于15安全系數(shù)法的確定性優(yōu)化效果。關鍵詞加筋柱殼；KAGOME格柵；可靠性；優(yōu)化設計；代理模型

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