單片機(jī)外文翻譯永磁無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)

1、<p><b>　　BLDCM</b></p><p>　　BLDCM small size, light weight, it has a DC motor similar to the general good speed performance, without the existence of machinery for the device, electromagneti

2、c interference noise and small, low maintenance requirements, reliability, good; and as a result of not required excitation power, efficiency is relatively high, it has been rapid development. A company based on ADI'

3、s ADSP-21992 chip high-speed brushless DC motor control system, which has a high-speed, high load moment of inertia, have </p><p>　　DSP-based motor control system with the traditional single-chip motor contr

4、ol system and a dedicated chip motor control system, that is, a dedicated motor control mechanisms, user-programmable, scalable, and powerful, and so on; at the same time, overcome their respective shortcomings, such as

5、peripherals and memory integrated into the chip to reduce circuit board area, reducing the number of system components to improve the CPU processing capacity, improve system reliability. System, the ultima</p><

6、;p>　　Need to select the highest possible processing speed of the chip. 2199x series and ADI's speed reached 160 M, and then to adapt to take into account their poor working environment, in this paper, we have chos

7、en the ADSP-21992 as a core control chip.</p><p>　　(A) hardware</p><p>　　1. Control circuit</p><p>　　Mainly by the control circuit and its corresponding external ADSP21992 expansion

8、 circuit. Including the crystal oscillator circuit, extend outside the FLASH, JTAG interface, power supply voltage conversion circuit, PWM interface, 1 / 0 interface and A / D interface circuit modules. ADSP21992 for the

9、 160 M high-performance mixed-signal DSP chips, the chip in addition to a powerful data-processing capabilities, for motor control, but also to provide 6-channel PWM output, 8-channel 14-bit A / D con</p><p>

10、;　　2. Power circuit</p><p>　　Drive circuit from the diode rectifier bridge, filter capacitor and the IGBT inverter constituted; drive circuit using IR's I82130 dedicated MOs power device gate drive dedic

11、ated chip, the chip can not only achieve the optimal IGBT driver, and has a perfect protection, can significantly improve system integration and reliability; isolated part of the use of high-speed optocoupler HCPL4504, i

12、solation from the role of potential.</p><p>　　3. Rotor position and current detection circuit</p><p>　　Due to current high-speed motor, back-EMF waveform distortion is more serious, it is not su

13、itable for position sensorless control for easy installation, the use of small size, convenient installation and electromagnetic Hall sensor mounted on the end of stator windings, the output signal by the partial pressur

14、e , filter the buffer.</p><p>　　PI current regulator current aim is to achieve fast and accurate tracking of a given value, the incremental selection of PI regulator; speed PI regulator related to the system

15、 dynamic and static performance, it is separated from the use of integral PI regulator. Encountered in software design PI regulator design that is the proportion coefficient and integral coefficient kP selection of ki. S

16、ystem uses a factor of AD and Industrial standard procedures set forth in PI coefficient (Kp = 25, Wpi = </p><p>　　And the corresponding current signal directly to the sensor signal input voltage DSP A / D p

17、ort for digital-to-analog conversion.</p><p>　　4. Protection Circuit</p><p>　　Under-voltage protection circuit by detecting the battery voltage, when the battery voltage down to the closure of m

18、otor threshold, the battery does not over-discharge to cause unnecessary damage, to protect the battery. AID voltage power conversion, if the under-voltage, under-voltage when the second location of a sign so that it can

19、 interrupt timer 0 to start from time to time, under-voltage shutdown over after five seconds, jump to self-test mode.</p><p>　　MOSFET over-current protection circuit can protect the most current control wil

20、l set the framework, illustrates the value reached when the motor shut down to avoid a high current through the MOSFET on the risk of burning. Over-current protection is the controller of the last line of defense, over-c

21、urrent protection resistor is used in wire and Culture, current when the system exceeds the maximum protection of current value, the wire will be blown, Culture and Sport in order to play a protective </p><p&g

22、t;　　Drive motor in the process of running the system on the motor will "speed - the current" relevant control, the controller to determine the electrical current and electric vehicles is in the relevant range o

23、f speed, if in the relevant context, the controller should not exceed current limiting settings based on speed control of electric vehicles; when the motor current and speed of electric vehicles is not related to serious

24、, even if the electric current does not meet current limiter settings, if </p><p>　　Further reduce the power flow controller. A negative correlation for each controller to determine the electrical current to

25、 reduce by half until</p><p>　　(B) software strategy</p><p>　　The system software by the main program and interrupt service routine pose. Main program to initialize the main complete system, inc

26、luding the register, variable initialization and the initialization of the external devices, as well as detection of I / O port status. Interrupt service routine are mainly synchronous PWM interrupt service routine, each

27、 current sampling A / D conversion after the end of interruption. Software processes as shown in Figure 2. Optimization of the selection coefficient</p><p>　　Fourth, the conclusions</p><p>　　Hig

28、h-performance brushless DC motor with high-speed real-time digital control system for speed control devices consisting of devices, hardware and software, and control the whole system is relatively simple, low cost, speed

29、 of a smooth, low noise. Experiments show that the control system has good control performance, has good practical value.</p><p>　　永磁無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)體積小、重量輕，它既具有類似普通直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的良好調(diào)速性能，又不存在機(jī)械換向裝置，電磁噪聲與干擾小，維護(hù)要求低，可靠性好；而且由于不需電勵(lì)

30、磁，效率相對(duì)較高，因此得到了迅速的發(fā)展。介紹一種基于ADI公司ADSP-21992芯片的高速無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)具有高速、大轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量負(fù)載，電機(jī)有較大起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩等特點(diǎn)。 基于DSP的電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)具有傳統(tǒng)的單片機(jī)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)和專用芯片電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，即專用的電機(jī)控制機(jī)制、用戶可編程、擴(kuò)展能力強(qiáng)、功能強(qiáng)大等；同時(shí)又克服了它們各自的缺點(diǎn)，如外設(shè)和存儲(chǔ)器集成在芯片內(nèi)，可減少電路板面積、減少系統(tǒng)中元器件個(gè)數(shù)、提高CPU處理能力、

31、提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性等。系統(tǒng)最終的目標(biāo)是應(yīng)用于飛輪系統(tǒng)中的高速無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)，因此，對(duì)處理器的速度要求極高，從實(shí)時(shí)性能方面考慮，需要選取處理速度盡可能高的芯片。而ADI的2199x系列速度達(dá)到了160 M,再考慮到其適應(yīng)惡劣工作環(huán)境的能力，在本文中，我們選擇了ADSP-21992作為核心控制芯片。 （一）硬件構(gòu)成 1．控制電路 控制電路主要由ADSP21992及其相應(yīng)的外圍擴(kuò)展電路構(gòu)成</p><

32、p>　　欠壓保護(hù)電路通過(guò)檢測(cè)電池電壓，當(dāng)電池電壓降到閡值時(shí)關(guān)閉電機(jī)，使電池不至因過(guò)度放電造成不必要的損壞，保護(hù)電池。對(duì)電源電壓進(jìn)行AID轉(zhuǎn)換之后，如果欠壓，當(dāng)次欠壓標(biāo)志位置一，使能定時(shí)器0中斷，開始定時(shí)，欠壓滿5秒之后停機(jī)，跳到自檢工作模式。</p><p>　　過(guò)流保護(hù)電路可以對(duì)MOSFET進(jìn)行保護(hù)，將最大電流控制在設(shè)定范圍內(nèi)，當(dāng)達(dá)到闡值時(shí)關(guān)閉電機(jī)，避免了MOSFET上通過(guò)大電流燒毀的危險(xiǎn)。過(guò)流保護(hù)是控制

33、器的最后防線，過(guò)流保護(hù)電阻用的是康銅絲，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)電流超過(guò)最大保護(hù)電流值時(shí)，康銅絲會(huì)燒斷，從而起到保護(hù)作用。</p><p>　　在驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)運(yùn)行的過(guò)程中，系統(tǒng)還會(huì)對(duì)電機(jī)進(jìn)行“速度—電流”相關(guān)控制，控制器判斷電機(jī)電流與電動(dòng)車車速是否在相關(guān)范圍內(nèi)，如果在相關(guān)范圍內(nèi)，控制器以不超過(guò)限流設(shè)定值為依據(jù)控制電動(dòng)車車速;當(dāng)電機(jī)電流與電動(dòng)車車速嚴(yán)重不相關(guān)時(shí)，即使電機(jī)電流沒(méi)有達(dá)到限流設(shè)定值，如果電機(jī)電流大于8A，控制器首先減流到8A供

34、電，然后再次判斷車速與電機(jī)電流的相關(guān)性，在相關(guān)范圍內(nèi)，進(jìn)入正常供電模式;如果沒(méi)有相關(guān)性，控制器進(jìn)一步減流供電?？刂破髅糠穸ㄒ淮蜗嚓P(guān)判斷，電機(jī)電流減小一半，直到控制器停止對(duì)電機(jī)的供電</p><p>　?。ǘ┸浖呗?本系統(tǒng)軟件由主程序和中斷服務(wù)程序構(gòu)成。主程序主要完成系統(tǒng)的初始化，包括各寄存器、變量的初始化以及外部器件的初始化以及檢測(cè)I/O口狀態(tài)。中斷服務(wù)程序主要有PWM同步中斷服務(wù)程序，每次電流采樣A