2017英語(yǔ)必修ⅲ外研版module4宏志課件3綜合能力和語(yǔ)法.

1、教師用書(shū)獨(dú)具演示,●教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語(yǔ)。(2)通過(guò)學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解這些單詞和短語(yǔ)。(3)聽(tīng)懂課文中所給出的聽(tīng)力材料。(4)通過(guò)對(duì)語(yǔ)法的教學(xué)讓學(xué)生能夠理解并能夠正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞不定式的各種形式：to do，to be done，to be doing，to have been done，but (to) do等。,●教學(xué)地位通過(guò)GRAMMAR1要求學(xué)生理解“動(dòng)詞不定式

2、”各種形式所表示的時(shí)間和語(yǔ)態(tài)概念，并能在句子中正確運(yùn)用其各種形式。GRAMMAR 2該部分語(yǔ)法處理“動(dòng)詞不定式”的一種特殊形式，即but后面不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，同時(shí)要求學(xué)生理解but在各種場(chǎng)合的意義。LISTENING AND VOCABULARY該部分引入了與環(huán)境有關(guān)的詞匯，并通過(guò)填詞、聽(tīng)、問(wèn)答等活動(dòng)幫助學(xué)生掌握這些詞匯。,PRONUNCIATION AND FUNCTION該部分介紹了交際功能“表示強(qiáng)烈的情感”(expressin

3、g strong opinions)和句子重讀，并通過(guò)有關(guān)的練習(xí)幫助學(xué)生鞏固這方面的知識(shí)。EVERYDAY ENGLISH這一部分的Everyday English來(lái)自本模塊的聽(tīng)力部分?？梢宰寣W(xué)生再聽(tīng)一下聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的錄音，以增強(qiáng)理解。,●新課導(dǎo)入建議通過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)生作業(yè)的檢查導(dǎo)入本堂新課。,演示結(jié)束,1．have an effect on/upon...對(duì)……有(壞)影響to have a bad effect on someone or

4、something(教材P35)對(duì)某人或某物有壞影響Sandstorms have a bad effect on the traffic here.沙塵暴對(duì)這兒的交通不利。,in effect有效；在實(shí)施中take effect 生效，起作用bring/put/carry...into effect實(shí)行；使生效come/go into effect 開(kāi)始生效；開(kāi)始實(shí)施The new system will soon tak

5、e effect/be put into effect.新系統(tǒng)即將啟用。Some ancient laws are still in effect.有些古代的法律現(xiàn)在仍然有效。,2．concerned(教材P35) adj.關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的；有關(guān)的；參與的She is concerned about her son's study.她很關(guān)心兒子的學(xué)習(xí)。,①be concerned with/in與……有關(guān)；與……有關(guān)系b

6、e concerned about/for關(guān)心；掛念as/so far as...be concerned就……而言/來(lái)說(shuō)②concern n．擔(dān)心，憂(yōu)慮[C]關(guān)切的事vt.涉及，對(duì)……有關(guān)系；使關(guān)心，掛念I(lǐng)t is said that you are concerned with/in this matter.據(jù)說(shuō)你與這事有關(guān)。As far as I am concerned，this plan is acceptable

7、.在我看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃是可以接受的。,3．Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. (教材P35)樹(shù)吸收二氧化碳并放出氧氣。(1)take in吸收；理解；欺騙Young children are easy to take in.小孩容易被欺騙。I found it easy to take in what the teacher had taught.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很容易就能明

8、白老師講的內(nèi)容。,Meeting and phone calls take up a large part of the days.開(kāi)會(huì)和接電話(huà)占用了一天中的大部分時(shí)間。The city has taken on a new look.城市呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。Who will take over the company when you retire?你退休后誰(shuí)來(lái)接管公司？,【對(duì)接高考】(2013·遼寧高考)Briggs

9、 will as general manager when Mitchell retires.A．get away　　　　　　B．take overC．set off D．run out【解析】　get away意為“走開(kāi)；逃脫懲罰”；take over意為“接管；接任”；set off意為“出發(fā)；動(dòng)身”；run out意為“用完；耗盡”。根據(jù)retires(退休)可得知答案。句意：當(dāng)Mitchell退

10、休時(shí)，Briggs將會(huì)接任總經(jīng)理的職務(wù)?！敬鸢浮俊,(2)give out 發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣體等)；分發(fā)；發(fā)表；用完P(guān)lease give out the examination papers.請(qǐng)把試卷發(fā)下去。After a month their food supplies gave out.過(guò)了一個(gè)月，他們的食物已消耗殆盡。,But finally，he was forced to give in.但最后他被迫屈

11、服。It's difficult to give up smoking.戒煙可不容易。,【提示】　表示“用光，用盡”時(shí)，give out，run out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，也不接賓語(yǔ)。use up，run out of是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，可接賓語(yǔ)。,4．complain vi.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷He does nothing but complaining/complain.(教材P36)他除了抱怨什么事也沒(méi)做。H

12、e is always complaining.他總是發(fā)牢騷。,We have nothing to complain about/of.我們沒(méi)有什么好抱怨的。People complain that they don't get enough information.人們抱怨得不到足夠的信息。,5．I couldn't agree with you more.我非常同意你的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。/It couldn't

13、be worse.(教材P36)再糟不過(guò)了。這兩個(gè)句式都是比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表示最高級(jí)的意思，意為“非常……；再?zèng)]有比……更……的了”。I couldn't have found a better restaurant.那是我找到的最好的一家餐館了。What a wonderful novel！I have never read a more moving one.多么好的一部小說(shuō)呀！我從來(lái)沒(méi)有讀過(guò)比這部更感人的小說(shuō)了。

14、,You can't be careful enough when driving.你開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)怎樣小心都不為過(guò)。You cannot praise him too much.你再怎樣稱(chēng)贊他都不過(guò)分。,【對(duì)接高考】(2013·天津高考)No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A．could　　　　　　　B．mustC．dare

15、D．need【解析】　句意：沒(méi)人比他更慷慨；他有一顆金子般的心?！癗o one could be more generous”是否定詞和比較級(jí)連用，表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義，A項(xiàng)could可以在否定句中表示推測(cè)，為正確答案。B項(xiàng)表推測(cè)，只用在肯定句中，dare和need不符合句意?！敬鸢浮俊,【解析】　句意：——你必須相信自己。如果你都不相信自己，沒(méi)有人會(huì)相信你的。——我非常同意。自信真的很重要。通過(guò)Confidence is really

16、 important.可知第二個(gè)說(shuō)話(huà)人同意對(duì)方的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。故D項(xiàng)I couldn't agree more“我非常同意”符合句意。A項(xiàng)“這不是我所喜歡的(人或東西)”；B項(xiàng)“那不是重點(diǎn)”；C項(xiàng)“我不這樣認(rèn)為”，均不符合句意。注意把握couldn't這樣的否定式與比較級(jí)連用時(shí)表示最高級(jí)(肯定語(yǔ)意)概念的用法。【答案】　D,②Mr.Stevenson is great to work for－I really couldn&#

17、39;t ask for a boss.A．better　　　　　　　　B．goodC．best D．still better【解析】　考查比較級(jí)用法?！癱an't/couldn't...＋比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)含義。根據(jù)前半句“Mr. Stevenson is great to work for”可知，Stevenson是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的老板，因此說(shuō)“我真的找不到一個(gè)比他還好的老板了”，表示在我看來(lái)

18、他是最好的?！敬鸢浮俊,觀(guān)察下列從Reading and Vocabulary中選取的句子，體會(huì)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。①Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China，a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.②They are often so thick that you cannot

19、see the sun，and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.,③“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，”he said.④There was nothing to be done.⑤Sandstorms in China appear to have increas

20、ed in recent years as a result of “desertification”．⑥The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.,[自我總結(jié)]不定式屬于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。除了不能作謂語(yǔ)外，在句中可以充當(dāng)任何成分，可以作

21、、 、賓語(yǔ)、 、定語(yǔ)和 。不定式的時(shí)態(tài)有： 、進(jìn)行式、 和完成進(jìn)行式。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式要用 形式?！敬鸢浮俊≈髡Z(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)；補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)；一般式；完成式；被動(dòng),動(dòng)詞不定式一、動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài),1.若不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后，不定式用一般式。I hope that I'll see you a

22、gain.→I hope to see you again.我希望再見(jiàn)到你。2．若不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)進(jìn)行，不定式用進(jìn)行式。Don't pretend to be working hard.Just do what you should.不要假裝努力工作。做你該做的事。,3．若不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，不定式用完成式。I am sorry to have chea

23、ted you.很抱歉欺騙了你。4．當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)與不定式是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式一般用被動(dòng)式。He asked to be sent to work in the countryside.他被告知要派往農(nóng)村工作。He is said to have been invited to attend a meeting.據(jù)說(shuō)他已被邀請(qǐng)去參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。,二、不定式的語(yǔ)法功能不定式在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

24、1．作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，很多情況下用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把不定式放到句末。To get there by bike will take us half an hour.騎自行車(chē)去那里將花我們半小時(shí)時(shí)間。It's kind of you to help me with my English.,你真是太好了，幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。It's necessary for us to make a plan for stud

25、ies before a new term.我們有必要在學(xué)期之初制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。,2．作表語(yǔ)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是aim，duty，hope，idea，mistake，plan，purpose，suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組時(shí)，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性分句，不定式說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.我建議推遲這次會(huì)議。My chief purpose is to

26、 point out the difficulties of the matter.我的主要目的是指出事情的困難所在。,3．作定語(yǔ)(1)不定式作定語(yǔ)通常要放在所修飾的詞后，往往表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Have you got anything to do this evening?今晚你有事嗎？(2)中心詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)，the last/the only/the next或被這些詞修飾時(shí)，用不定式作定語(yǔ)。This is t

27、he best way to solve the problem.這是解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題最好的辦法。He was the only one to finish the task on time.他是唯一一個(gè)按時(shí)完成任務(wù)的人。,4．作賓語(yǔ)(1)有些動(dòng)詞只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如：agree，ask，aim，attempt, choose，decide，demand，expect，fail，help，learn，manage，offer，pl

28、an，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，seem，hope，wish等。I decided to buy a walkman to learn English.我決定買(mǎi)個(gè)隨身聽(tīng)來(lái)學(xué)英語(yǔ)。His brother wished to win the first prize.他哥哥希望獲得頭獎(jiǎng)。,(2)有些動(dòng)詞常用“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”作賓語(yǔ)，如：ask，wonder，teach，know，tell，see，l

29、earn，hear，explain，decide，show，forget，remember, discuss，find out等。Mr.Smith didn't know when to leave there.史密斯先生不知道何時(shí)離開(kāi)那里。I asked Professor Li how to learn English well.我請(qǐng)教李教授如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。,5．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)下列動(dòng)詞常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：advis

30、e，allow，believe，cause，consider，declare，enable，encourage，find，forbid，force，inform，invite，like，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，suppose，tell，think，warn。The teacher told his students to pay more attention to th

31、eir pronunciation.老師讓學(xué)生多注意發(fā)音。,【提示】　不定式在感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，watch，feel，notice等和使役動(dòng)詞let，make，have等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不加不定式符號(hào)to，在動(dòng)詞help之后to可加可不加。Could you help me (to) unload the car?你能幫我卸車(chē)嗎？I never let my child stay in the house all da

32、y.我從不讓孩子整天都待在屋里。I heard my neighbor lock the door.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鄰居把門(mén)鎖上了。The boss makes the children work long hours every day.老板讓孩子們每天都長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作。,6．作狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可用in order to do或so as to do。To conceal my emotion, I buried

33、my face in my hands.為了掩飾我的情緒，我用手捂著臉。The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.公共汽車(chē)停下來(lái)以接送乘客。,(2)不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。“only＋動(dòng)詞不定式”常表示未預(yù)料到的、令人沮喪的結(jié)果；so...as to...，such...as to...，enough to，以及too...to...等結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式也表結(jié)果。He lifted a rock

34、 only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石頭砸了自己的腳。The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower.這房子又高又窄，像一座塔。He is too young to have seen the bloody war.他年齡小，沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)那場(chǎng)血腥的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。,(3)不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)。主要用在表示喜怒哀樂(lè)等情感的形容詞或過(guò)去分詞后。I am

35、 very sorry to hear that your mother is ill.聽(tīng)到你母親病了，我很難過(guò)。,三、but＋不定式1．不定式在介詞but，except后面時(shí)，如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do (而非助動(dòng)詞)的各種形式。那么這些介詞后的不定式不帶to，否則帶to。I have no choice but to wait.我除了等待別無(wú)選擇。I had nothing to do but watch TV.我除了

36、看電視外無(wú)事可做。She wanted nothing but to cry.她什么都不想做，只想哭一場(chǎng)。,2．用于can't but，can't choose but，can't help but之類(lèi)短語(yǔ)后，其不定式通常不帶to。We can't choose but wait.我們只能等待。I can't but tell her the truth.我不得不告訴她真相。We cou

37、ldn't help but laugh when we heard his story.聽(tīng)了他的故事，我們?nèi)滩蛔〈笮ζ饋?lái)。,Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(2013·北京高考)Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own.A．change　　　　　B．changingC．changed D．to change,【解析】　句意：志愿

38、者工作給了你改變生活的機(jī)會(huì)，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”。如果用動(dòng)詞的­ing形式作定語(yǔ)，需借助于介詞of，a chance of doing sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”，所以正確答案為D項(xiàng)。要注意常見(jiàn)的接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的名詞，如chance，ability，way等?！敬鸢浮俊,2．(2013·湖南高考) warm at night, I would fil

39、l the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.A．Staying B．StayedC．To stay D．Stay【解析】　句意：“晚上為了取暖，我會(huì)填滿(mǎn)柴爐，然后為鬧鐘定時(shí)以便半夜里能起來(lái)再添一次?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故答案為C。為了突出目的，通常把目的狀語(yǔ)置于句首。【答案】　C,3．Mary

40、couldn't help but in despair，staring at the fox which had blood­red eyes and seemed her.A．feeling；to be watchingB．feel；watchingC．feel；to be watchingD．to feel；to have watched【解析】　couldn'

41、;t help but后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形；seem后接不定式，且此處強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，故第二空用動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式?！敬鸢浮俊,4．It's likely that he is the only American hip­top artist in China.A．to have ever lived B．to live everC．having ever lived D. ever l

42、iving【解析】　考查不定式的用法。the only，the first等＋名詞，用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。ever一詞，說(shuō)明句子要表達(dá)的是到某一時(shí)刻為止的動(dòng)作，因此用不定式的完成式。故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮俊,5．(2013·青島高一調(diào)研)With a report about the accident，I have to find some witness for help.A．write B．writ

43、ingC．written D．to write【解析】　考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有三種形式，過(guò)去分詞常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)和完成，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行，不定式表示動(dòng)作還沒(méi)有發(fā)生。從I have to find some witness for help.可知關(guān)于這次事故的報(bào)告還沒(méi)有寫(xiě)，因此應(yīng)該用to write?！敬鸢浮俊,6．Though he had often made his littl

44、e sister ，today he was made by his little sister.A．cry；to cry B．crying；cryingC．cry；cry D．to cry；cry【解析】　make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事，但用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)后，則要用不定式符號(hào)to連接?！敬鸢浮俊,7．(2013·山東高考)I stopped the car

45、 a short break as I was feeling tired.A．take B．takingC．to take D．taken【解析】　句意：因?yàn)槲腋械嚼哿耍彝Ｏ萝?chē)休息了一小會(huì)兒。此處用不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮俊,8．It's good to know the dogs will be well cared for while we're away

46、.A．what B．whoseC．which D．that【解析】　句意：知道當(dāng)我們不在家時(shí)狗將會(huì)受到很好的照顧真好。動(dòng)詞know后是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺成分，用that起連接作用?！敬鸢浮俊,9．(2013·菏澤高一檢測(cè))That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but the police.A．called in B．cal

47、ling inC．call in D．to call in【解析】　have no choice but to do意思是“除做……之外別無(wú)選擇”?！敬鸢浮俊,10．Go on the other exercise after you have finished this one.A．to do B．doingC．with D．to be doing【解析】　go on to do sth

48、.繼續(xù)做(與原來(lái)不相同的)事。此句可以從the other exercise斷定?！敬鸢浮俊,Ⅱ.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1．I've worked with children before，so I know what ( expect) in my new job.2．He is said (study)abroad，but I don't know when he

49、came back.3．She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role (play)in making the earth a better place to live.4．My mother could do nothing but (wait)for the doctor to arrive.,5．Ther

50、e's no choice but (wait)till the rain stops.6．He pretended (listen)attentively when I pushed open his door.7．The books and magazines are not allowed (take)out of the reading room.8．Our plan

51、 is (set up) another middle school for the children.9．—Do you have anything (take) there?—No.Thank you just the same.,10． (get) there by bike will take us half an hour.【答案】　1.to expect　2.to ha