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1、ProductionMarketingofChestnutsintheSoutheasternUnitedStates1RobertC.HochmuthRobertD.WallacePeterJ.VanBloklJeffreyG.Williamson2ThisisarevisedcopyoftheiginaldocumentAnIntroductiontoProductionMarketingEconomicsofGrowingChes
2、tnutsintheSouthEastUnitedSatesbyR.D.WallaceP.J.VanBlockl.1989.UniversityofFlidaDeptofFoodResourceEconomics.Staffrept.#354IntroductionChestnuts(Castaneasp.)arerepresentedbyseveralspeciesoftreesinthebeechfamily(Fagaceae).T
3、hechestnutisnativetowarmtemperateareastheNthernHemisphere.TheUnitedStatesisoneofthefewnationsinthewldthatcangrowchestnutsdoesnothaveasignificantcommercialchestnutindustry.BecausetheUnitedStateshassuchasmall(lessthan1perc
4、entofwldproduction)chestnutindustrychestnutsareimptedtotheUnitedStatesinquantitieswithtotalannualvalueexceeding$20million.Developmentofnewchestnutscultivarsadvancesinpropagationculturaltechniquesnowallowfexpansionoftheco
5、mmercialchestnutindustryintheUnitedStates.ChestnutsmaymakeaviablealternativecropfsmallfarmersinFlidawhoarelookingtodiversifytheiroperations.HistyFewtreecropshaveasmuchhisticalimptanceasafoodsourcethroughoutthewldasdoches
6、tnuts.ChestnutswereoneoftheearliesttreecropstobedomesticatedwereevenmentionedinChinesepoetrymethan5000yearsago.TheEuropeansettlersofNthAmericafoundtheNewWldwasvirtuallyonesolidchestnutfest.TheAmericanchestnutwasonceamong
7、themostcommontreesintheeasternfestfromMainetoGegiawesttotheMississippi.Thisamazinglyusefultreeoffersrotresistantlumberwhichwasusedfseveralitemsfromfencepoststofurniture.Thechestnuttreewasalsoasourceoftannininadditiontoit
8、sbeautifulcropofnuts.Butthesalesmaybeupto$4.005.00perpoundbutsuchpricesdecreaseconsiderablyinsalestobrokerswholesalersgrocerychainsotherlargemarkets.TomoveAmericangrownchestnutsinlargequantitiespricesmusttobecompetitivew
9、ithimptednutsqualityofAmericanproductionmustbesuperitothequalitytowhichfeignwholesalebuyerstheirAmericancustomersareaccustomed.ChestnutscropsgrownintheUnitedStateshavetheadvantageofreachingAmericanmarketsearlierthanimpte
10、dchestnutswithbetterqualitycontrolwithoutthecostsofinternationalshipping.Howeverthekeytosuccessinmovinglargequantitiesofchestnutsisthroughmarketingeducationoftheconsumerdistributsthedevelopmentofrelationshipswithknowledg
11、eablepersonsinfooddistributionservices.ManyopptunitiesfmarketingthatdidnotexistinthepastfsmallgrowersarenowavailablethroughtheInterbuttargetedmarketingefftstothefoodindustrycanalsobeveryvaluable.ChestnutSpeciesHybridsFou
12、rspeciesofchestnutsseveraloftheirhybridsaregrownintheUnitedStatestoday.?Americanchestnuts(Castaneadentata)havesmallsweetnutsuprightgrowthfmarehighlysusceptibletochestnutblight.?TheEuropeanchestnut(Cataneasativa)isalsobli
13、ghtsusceptiblecanonlybegrowninblightfreeareas.EuropeanchestnutstreeshaveanuprighttreefmthenutsfromEuropeanchestnutscanbequitegoodfromsomecultivars.Howevermanyofthecultivarsseedlingsproducenutsthatareblbitterintastediffic
14、ulttopeel.?Chinesechestnuts(Castaneamollissima)arehighlyblightresistantsomecultivarsproducenutsofgoodsizesweettastethatarealsoeasytopeel.Chinesechestnuttreesaresometimesuprightingrowthfmbutmanyarelowspreadingmultiplebran
15、chedattheground.?Japanesechestnuts(Castaneacrenata)aresmallspreadingblightresistanttreesthatproducelargepotastingnuts.Japanesechestnutsaremostlyusedfhybridization.?Chinkapins(severalspecies)producesmallsweetnuts(oneperbu
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