2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、1附錄一附錄一外文資料原文外文資料原文WheelWheelLoaderLoaderPrototypesPrototypesInthe1920ssmallagriculturaltractswereoutfittedwithaloaderbucketfrehlingoflightmaterials.Thiscontraptionservedastheearliestprototypefthemodernwheelloader.Theear

2、liestversionsofthewheelloaderwerenothingmethanapivotingbucketliftarmsmountedonafarmtypetract.Abucketwasmountedonatractusingwireropesthroughaclutchoperatedwinchthendumpedbygravitythroughatripreleasemechanism.Bythe1930sanu

3、mberofmanufacturersweredevelopingsmallwheelloadersbyfasteningbucketsontotracts.E.Boydell&Co.inManchesterEnglwasoneofthefirstrecdedmakersofabucketmountedtractwiththeirMuirHillloadera0.5cubicyard(0.4m3)cablecontrolledbucke

4、tmountedona28hsepowerFdsonTract.RigidFrameWheelLoadersIn1939anengineerfromChicagobythenameofFrankG.HoughdevelopedthefirstselfcontainedtwowheeldriverubbertiredloadercalledtheHoughModelHS.Themachinehadabucketcapacityof13cu

5、bicyard(0.25m3).Thebucketwasdumpedbygravitythroughalatchmechanism.Othermanufacturersbegantoproduceintegratedfourwheeldrivewheelloaders.Manyofthefirstwheelloadershadrigidframes.Thoughthesemachineswereintegratedtheirrigidf

6、rameslimitedmaneuverabilityresultinginthemachinestoturninlargecirclesrenderingthemuselesstooperateintightplaces.ThefirstthreewheelloadersdevelopedbyCaterpillarfexamplehadrigidframes.OthermanufacturerslikeEuclidTerexenter

7、edthewheelloadermarketin1957ratherlatewithasmallrigidframewheelloaderunitknownastheL7.FurukawaFL35I4x4ArticulatedWheelLoader3operatratherthanbehind.Houghwasoneofthefirstmanufacturerstocomeupwithanewsaferdesignwiththeprod

8、uctionoftheirModelHOwheelloader.OthermanufacturersquicklyfollowedsuitinadoptingthefrontmountedpivotincludingCaterpillarin1958Casein1959AllisChalmersin1961Michiganin1962.LargesizedWheelLoadersAsthe1960sarrivedthetrendinwh

9、eelloaderproductionfocusedonlargermachineswithgreaterpayloadcapacity.AfterCaterpillarlaunchedtheirsixcubicyard(4.6m3)Model998in1963anumberofindustrysurveysrevealedaneedfloaderstobemuchlargerthanthestardsizeoffivetosixcub

10、icyards(3.8to4.6m3).Themarketwasdemingmeruggedmobilityfromloadingtoolslargerwheelloadersweredeemedthesolution.Manufacturersbegantofloodthemarketwithlargersizedwheelloaders.HoughDivisionofInternationalHarvesterbuilttheH40

11、0awheelloaderwitha10cubicyard(7.6m3)bucket.Othermanufacturersrespondedbyproducingloaderswith10cubicyard(7.6m3)bucketsincludingCaterpillars992theScoopmobile1200Michigans475.Overtheyearstheindustryhascontinuedtopushtheboun

12、dariesintermsofpayloadcapacity.Inthe1970sanumberofwheelloaderswereshowcasedat1975CONEXPOwithincreasedpayloadcapacitynototherwiseseenbefeintheindustryincludingHoughs21cubicyard(16m3)580PayloaderClarkMichigansmassive675whe

13、elloaderwitha24cubicyard(18.3m3)capacity.[15]In1986therecdinpayloadcapacitywasbrokenwhenKawasakiHeavyIndustriesLtd.developedthelargestwheelloaderwitha25cubicyard(19m3)capacityfJapansSurfaceMiningEquipmentfCoalTechnologyR

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