運(yùn)輸通道系統(tǒng)分析

1、vol. 1 No. 2Journal of Communication and Transportation Systems Engineering and Information May 2001, 100080)Transport Corridor Systematic AnalysisZHANG Wen-chang( Institute of Geography and resources Chinese Academy Sc

2、iences, Beijing 100080, China)Abstract The theory of transport corridor began to take a shape ever since the transport system has entered the development stage of integrated transportation system, and the theory is stil

3、l on its way up. This paper gives a systematic analysis to the definition, types and composition of transport corridor, and the perspective of combing transprot linkages and transportation regionalization has been emp

4、hasized. In the paper transport corridor is defined as the combination of important transportation mainlines linking different regions. Transport corridors are the core parts of transportation network, carrying out mos

5、t of inter-Tegional transportation linkages, and affecting heavily the overall efficiency of transportation system. The major types of transport corridor are international transport corridor, regional transport corrido

6、r, interprovincial transport corridor and intra-provincial transport corridor.The development of modern transport corridor is essential to China s transportation development in the future. The division of transportatio

7、n regions nationwide should go in front of the identification and analysis of transport corridor. Taking the dynamic location pattern of China s inter—regional transportation lines into consideration based on transport

8、ation geographical analysis, China could be divided into 5 transportation economic regions tentatively. Correspondingly, China s inter-legional transport corridors can be divided into 6 groups.Finally, the prospect of

9、major inter-regional transport corridors is analyzed briefly.Keywords transport corridor; division of transportation region; systems analysisCLC number UI運(yùn)輸?shù)拇蟛糠只蛉咳蝿?wù)，運(yùn)輸通道是否暢通對(duì)于運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)整體的效益起決定性作用· O 運(yùn)輸量大而集中·運(yùn)量包括了區(qū)際

10、（省、市際）運(yùn)量，過(guò)境運(yùn)量，地方運(yùn)量·運(yùn)輸客貨流的流向相似或相同，起訖點(diǎn)集中于通道附近或聯(lián)結(jié)地區(qū)·在這三種運(yùn)量中，運(yùn)輸通道主要以區(qū)際交流運(yùn)量為大宗· O技術(shù)先進(jìn)·采用相對(duì)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)、設(shè)備和管理方式· @有一定層次性·高層次的運(yùn)輸通道由多種運(yùn)輸方式組成，通過(guò)能力大，能適應(yīng)各種運(yùn)輸需求·低層次的則由單一方式組成或以某一方式為主·并非所有低層次運(yùn)輸通道都可發(fā)展為高

11、層次的，因?yàn)橛绊懲ǖ腊l(fā)展的因素很多· 0 聯(lián)系區(qū)域具有擴(kuò)展性·除直接聯(lián)系和經(jīng)過(guò)的區(qū)域外，運(yùn)輸通道對(duì)運(yùn)量的吸引還影響到非相鄰區(qū)域·3 運(yùn)輸通道的分類(lèi)3· 1 按通道的空間層次區(qū)域和交流的性質(zhì)劃分運(yùn)輸通道服務(wù)的層次有：國(guó)際交流、國(guó)內(nèi)區(qū)際交流、省間交流等·相應(yīng)的，運(yùn)輸通道也可分為不同空間層次·根據(jù)運(yùn)輸通道的空間層次和交流性質(zhì)可以分為五種：O 國(guó)際性運(yùn)輸通道（國(guó)家間運(yùn)輸通道）0 大經(jīng)濟(jì)

12、區(qū)間的區(qū)際運(yùn)輸通道 0 省際運(yùn)輸通道 0 省內(nèi)運(yùn)輸通道 0 市內(nèi)運(yùn)輸通道體文不作研究）·參見(jiàn)圖 1 ·國(guó)際通道是承擔(dān)國(guó)際交流的基礎(chǔ)，是國(guó)家對(duì)外聯(lián)系的橋一個(gè)暢通便利的國(guó)際通道是保證一個(gè)國(guó)家參與國(guó)際分工的先決條件·國(guó)際貨運(yùn)聯(lián)系主要是通過(guò)海上通道完成的，鐵路或公路等通道在一些內(nèi)陸國(guó)家間也起重要作用·我國(guó)現(xiàn)己有的濱洲線(xiàn)、集二線(xiàn)、隴海一一蘭新大陸橋，都屬于國(guó)際通道·區(qū)際通道聯(lián)接一個(gè)國(guó)家的各大經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)

13、·區(qū)域之間資源分布不均衡及專(zhuān)業(yè)化分工，產(chǎn)生了區(qū)域間的運(yùn)輸聯(lián)系·區(qū)際通道的暢通是全國(guó)各大經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的重要前提·區(qū)內(nèi)通道聯(lián)接經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)內(nèi)的不同亞區(qū)，組織起更為緊密的分工與協(xié)作，承擔(dān)區(qū)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸聯(lián)系· 區(qū)內(nèi)聯(lián)系主要是各省間的客貨交流·一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的發(fā)展，區(qū)內(nèi)通道是否通暢同樣是其基礎(chǔ)條件之一·在我國(guó)，北方和西部的區(qū)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸通道、區(qū)際運(yùn)輸通道多以鐵路為主，局部地區(qū)仍以公路為主，如青藏公路就是