本科畢業(yè)論文液化石油氣儲(chǔ)罐設(shè)計(jì)

1、目 錄中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ外文摘要…………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ1 前言.......................................................................................................................12 選題背景.....................

2、..........................................................................................23 方案論證...............................................................................................................24 工藝設(shè)計(jì).....

3、.........................................................................................................34.1 液化石油氣參數(shù)的確定................................................................................34.2 設(shè)計(jì)溫度...........

4、.............................................................................................34.3 設(shè)計(jì)壓力........................................................................................................44.4 設(shè)計(jì)儲(chǔ)量.....

5、...................................................................................................55 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)..............................................................................................................55.1

6、 初步選型： ........................................................................................................................55.2 筒體設(shè)計(jì)....................................................................................

7、.........................................55.3 封頭設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................................................66 壁厚設(shè)計(jì)......................................

8、.........................................................................76.1 各項(xiàng)參數(shù)..............................................................................................................................7 6.2 筒體壁厚設(shè)計(jì)

9、計(jì)算 ..........................................................................................................86.3 封頭壁厚設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度校核..........................................................................................107 開(kāi)

10、孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)和人孔的設(shè)計(jì).....................................................................................117.1 人孔設(shè)計(jì)選型..................................................................................................................

11、117.2 人孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算..................................................................................................................128 安全閥和液面計(jì)選型.................................................................................

12、.......158.1 安全閥的選型與校核....................................................................................................15 8.2 液面計(jì)的選型.....................................................................................

13、.............................189 接管，法蘭，墊片和螺栓的選擇.....................................................................199.1、接管和法蘭 ............................................................................................

14、.......................19 9.2 墊片的選擇 ......................................................................................................................229.3 螺栓（螺柱）的選擇...................................................

15、................................................2310 鞍座選型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)......................................................................................2410.1 鞍座選型 ............................................................

16、.............................................................2410.2 鞍座位置的確定 ..........................................................................................................2711 焊接接頭的設(shè)計(jì)..........................

17、....................................................................2811.1 筒體和封頭的焊接：.................................................................................................28 11.2 接管與筒體的焊接：......................

18、...........................................................................2812 主要參數(shù)匯總表..............................................................................................281 前言 前言隨著石油化學(xué)工業(yè)的發(fā)展，液化石油氣作為一種化工基本原料和新型

19、燃料，已愈來(lái)愈受到人們的重視。在化工生產(chǎn)方面，液化石油氣經(jīng)過(guò)分離得到乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、丁二烯等，用來(lái)生產(chǎn)合塑料、合成橡膠、合成纖維及生產(chǎn)醫(yī)藥、炸藥、染料等產(chǎn)品。然而,由于液化石油氣具有易燃易爆的特性,與空氣混合能形成爆炸性混合物.遇熱和明火有燃燒爆炸的危險(xiǎn)。因此，液化石油氣的儲(chǔ)存安全性、可靠性、實(shí)用性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性就自然被作為設(shè)計(jì)液化石油氣儲(chǔ)罐的基本考慮因素。本次設(shè)計(jì)的50立方米液化石油氣儲(chǔ)罐常用于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的液化石油氣加氣站儲(chǔ)存液化石油氣，對(duì)于生

20、產(chǎn)生活具有重要意義。本次設(shè)計(jì)中綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)性、實(shí)用性、安全可靠性等。各項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)都參考了行業(yè)使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這樣使設(shè)計(jì)有章可循，并考慮結(jié)構(gòu)方面的要求，合理進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。其設(shè)計(jì)包括了液化石油氣儲(chǔ)罐的工藝設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)、壁厚設(shè)計(jì)、人孔的開(kāi)孔及補(bǔ)強(qiáng)、安全閥、液面計(jì)等部件的選型，對(duì)應(yīng)的接管、法蘭、墊片等選取，支座的選型，焊接頭的設(shè)計(jì)等。通過(guò)這些時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)，現(xiàn)在儲(chǔ)罐的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)為：（1）大型化 通過(guò)大量大型儲(chǔ)罐的設(shè)計(jì)、建造和使用發(fā)現(xiàn),采用大容量油

21、罐儲(chǔ)油具有節(jié)省鋼材、減少占地面積、方便操作管理、減少油罐附件及管線(xiàn)長(zhǎng)度和節(jié)省投資等優(yōu)點(diǎn) （2）新型材料的應(yīng)用油罐的大型化而產(chǎn)生的主要問(wèn)題之一就是對(duì)材料的要求更高。為了避免底層罐壁過(guò)厚帶來(lái)的整體熱處理問(wèn)題和解決焊接問(wèn)題,對(duì)于大型油罐的設(shè)計(jì),均采用高強(qiáng)度鋼。大型油罐一般采用屈服強(qiáng)490MPa 級(jí)的鋼材。武鋼聯(lián)合有關(guān)單位自主研制的WH610D2 鋼板不僅具有高強(qiáng)度、高韌性,而且具有優(yōu)良的焊接性能,尤其是能夠適用于大線(xiàn)能量焊接工藝條件 對(duì)于公稱(chēng)