汽車專業(yè)外文翻譯---中國汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程

1、<p><b>　　中文5778字</b></p><p><b>　　附錄一</b></p><p>　　The Develop course of Chinese auto industry</p><p>　　New century and China's new status in the int

2、ernational economy pattern, Give and idea bring unprecedented direct, steps the impacts of sex change China No. every. </p><p>　　How does the auto industry develop one by one under this kind of situation? An

3、d how many states is marketing have been automobile market China? </p><p>　　We review the evolution of the Chinese auto industry and Chinese marketing of automobile at first. </p><p>　　Chinese a

4、uto industry passes the development of more than 40 years, can divide into several stages, There are several kinds of method of segmenting differently at developing stage about the auto industry, but similar basically. R

5、ecently, A research of cooperating with German masses to carry on in the State Planning Commission has used this classification. </p><p>　　First, the development course of Chinese auto industry </p>&

6、lt;p>　　1、The first stage( - 1978s past 1953); Establish the basic stage of Chinese auto industry. At this stage , formed the auto industry relying mainly on medium-sized cargo truck and production system of the relate

7、d industry tentatively.</p><p>　　Will it be July 15 one year, one Vehicle Manufacturing Factory in Changchun of Jilin Province city build, Mark that Chinese auto industry begins to start.</p><p>

8、;　　Beijings, the motor repair shoppers of place at single an shied automobile repair factory development for modeling the automobile factories of automobile Shanghai, Nanjing, Jinan,etc...</p><p>　　Period, b

9、uild two Vehicle Manufacturing Factory especially" the Cultural Revolution", Become 2.5 tons and 5 tons of cargo truck production bases, Have also built up a batch of automobiles factories, such as the automobi

10、le factory of Shanxi and automobile factory of Sichuan,etc.; Second, independent development produces the series of products in order to rely mainly on the fact that need the car . </p><p>　　2、( 1979-1993 ye

11、ars) at second stage : The fast developing stage of auto industry.</p><p>　　The auto industry exchanges and cooperate to the outside one by one, importing foreign capital energetically and technology. </p

12、><p>　　One 1987, the State Council determine accelerate and develop car the development strategies of industry, And determine that" three is big", the production base of car" three small". D

13、efined two minicar production bases again after this. </p><p>　　Automobile production scales expand rapidly, the output increases comparatively fast. </p><p>　　And determine that" three is

14、big", the production base of car" three small". Defined two minicar production bases again after this. </p><p>　　Automobile production scales expand rapidly, the output increases comparatively

15、 fast. </p><p>　　Product structure is improved obviously one by one.</p><p>　　Wholes engineering level of auto industry raise. </p><p>　　3、Stage( so far 1994)s: The auto industry be

16、gins to step into steady developing stage. </p><p>　　The State Council issued" industrial policy of auto industry" formally in July of 1994, it was significant to guiding, standardize the Chinese i

17、ndustrial development of automobile. </p><p>　　The auto industry founds the factory, messy repeatedly one by one the momentum that the project is on is contained, The economic benefits of the scale begin to

18、present. Product structures improve further. Consumer market of automobile structures the great change takes place. Enterprise of automobile the focal points of competitions begin and turn to products level, performance

19、and the competitions of quality. One implements the consumptive credit system of automobile with paying by instilments a</p><p>　　We find out of these a piece of classifications, one that is in the third sta

20、ge latter half of, Have just presented two words of market. </p><p>　　In fact, it is the later one that the Chinese auto industry knows the market. Reviews the development of the auto industry, one period af

21、ter the reform and opening up to the outside world is a piece of important time, At the classification one stage one years of planning commission, China experience and seal train economize on fuel by auto industry, With

22、the fixed output quota of the oil, with the fixed output quota of steel, import the course of waiting for on a large scale, The ones that have </p><p>　　Lead to the fact that a car economizes on fuel, it is

23、to have insufficient understanding of function and prospect of the industrial development of automobile with the thought foundation of the fixed output quota of steel, At the beginning of the eighties, leaders said: Petr

24、oleum well go and make chemical fiber act as agricultural clothes, let automobile cook in vain. The cement pitch that becomes ton does not build the house, pour on the road in vain, this is a typical thought of food and

25、clothi</p><p>　　There is expert's leadership that proposes that the expressway is a result of the capitalism, unsuitable China too. Some setbacks in the Chinese industrial development of automobile, cann

26、ot but say that is involved in the understanding, In order to correct these understanding, a pair of" tuition fee" take and produce .So the auto industry cared at that time: Define the position, increase the pr

27、oject , make the large- scale production, Produce jointly, introduce technology, digest and assimilate,</p><p>　　We have really obtained a lot of achievement, in function position of the industrial developme

28、nt of automobile, Of the plan, establish the auto industry for the pillar industry for the first time" one seventh" one year. Having determined in the production base of car" three small" that" t

29、hree is big" in 87," two was little" after increasing shortly afterwards. Eight a piece of enterprises that joint-venture introduce technological productions, make auto industry whole competences a step, H

30、aving </p><p>　　Watch from user's target, in the past public money purchase outstanding situation car in one year, 83 years later, along with the development of urban collective economy, the individual i

31、n urban and rural areas, The increase of the specialized household, user's target begins to change too. However, just as we have insufficient understanding of industrial development of automobile, our development of

32、the automobile market is insufficient. In market automobile, we have one to improve process of co</p><p>　　At the beginning of the eighties, people had not realized that the minicar was a piece of extremely

33、promising products, Put forward a lot of queries in developing the minicar, even object to developing the minicar, The minicar is the fastest-rising style now. People have not thought of either, the motorcycle is a dark

34、horse, the output occupies the first of the world high, The more unexpected one is, an agricultural vehicle --What foreign country does not have, we have, and can be within short a</p><p>　　About the persona

35、l car purchase, some understandings view objected to have existed all the time. In 85, when we point out popular car to surveys and study and develop according to the State Council, A lot of people all thought that had a

36、 fantastic idea, inconceivable, until 1992, At discussing car market, somebody propose car enter impossible family by" a large amount of". </p><p>　　In fact, the paces of entering the Chinese famil

37、y of the car have already begun. However, because different fields know and differ to this, automobile become Tang Monk meat already, Department concerned statistics show automobile have tariff one nearly of fee, adminis

38、trative to limit, If several years ago Beijing implement little to arrange quantity car and eight a of a passenger train of single competent limit even submerses in the ringsides, But unit of office all right application

39、 to get pass</p><p>　　The gratifying one is, the auto industry faces a new development opportunity, on one hand, The country begins to rectify the unreasonable automobile and have tariff fee strictly, a more

40、 main one is to put forward concept and policy of expanding domestic demand, The economist realizes the automobile in looking for the course of" prescription" of expanding domestic demand, It is neither especia

41、lly automobile who public money consumed nor an important content. </p><p>　　Then, the development environment of the auto industry is hopeful to improve thoroughly. Under this kind of situation, marketing m

42、ode will become the basic content of the tactics of market of each enterprise of automobile trade. </p><p>　　We can carry on the division at stage for the automobile market too: Stage plan stage of assigning

43、 one by ones( one 1978): The characteristic at this stage is that the products plan to assign strictly, sold in unison by the electromechanical department of goods and material, Production division of automobile producti

44、on, this enterprise of stage direct marketing automobile. Stage plan stage of transforming into market economy one by ones (will it be one 1992 1978): This stage characteristic is: T</p><p>　　Besides, though

45、 the automobile market rises to fall, rely mainly on seller's market overall, An important characteristic is that the sale of automobile becomes the high profit trade, the sale of automobile company emerges in a larg

46、e amount, Not merely former to have state-run main channel development scale energetic and spread and layout, war industry, agricultural machinery enterprise succeed and transfers to another work and sell train systemati

47、cally, The individual economy enters the sale of </p><p>　　Stage buyer's market stages s( - 1992): The basic characteristic is the lasting depression of market, the profit on sales is reduced, the market

48、 competition is violent , Many kinds of marketing methods appear , pay by installments , lease, rent the new way of selling etc to develop rapidly. In middle period of the eighties, there was marketing channel of state-r

49、un automobiles in China, Goods and materials and can't sell the China vapor trades, electromechanical systems of departments last system</p><p>　　On later stage of the eighties and middle period of the 1

50、990s, formed several great systems of sale of automobile progressively. Generally divide into: 1.state-run main channel: Israel and China's vapor trade sell and sell the system for representatives' auto industry

51、for representatives' vapor of goods and material electromechanical system and Israel and China. Translated result 2.factory system: The ones that relied mainly on factory of the host computer and set up are own, pool

52、 the system. 3.</p><p>　　There are unique places in the automobile market of China, there are social distributors first, afterwards factory of host computers sells the automobile, China approve and acknowled

53、ge these distributor by common people, these distributor and regular relation factory host computer. Then a kind of situation appears, when the automobile sells well, the distributor complains that the factory of the hos

54、t computer does not implement contract , Not delivering on time , when the automobile is unsolvabl</p><p>　　1.price confused. 2. finished products the circuitous it is the floating. 3.after- sale services wi

55、thout guarantee. 4. the unable to carry out in tactics in host computers the marketing of factories. The returned money is difficult, the bad debt happens while repudiating a debt. </p><p>　　In middle period

56、 of the 1990s, it changed the confused state that people began to re-recognize automobile market and resolution. </p><p>　　The industrial policy of auto industry which the State Council issued was pointed ou

57、t clearly in 1994: The total output of the automobile should satisfy the more than 90 per cent need of the domestic market in 2000( the first). The country encourages individuals to buy the automobile, and will make the

58、concrete policy in good time according to the change of the market structure of consumption of development of the auto industry ( the 47th). Encourage whether in the world and mode set up sale of </p><p>　　H

59、owever, improve situation that form already is than establishing and need more paying, Over the past several years, factory for setting up and implement and unify host computers the marketing systems of tactics make enor

60、mous efforts, However, problems do not get settlement completely yet. At the situation, one joint venture in common use Shanghai and one's own country of Guangzhou took the brand-new marketing mode new two a of cars

61、1999, Implement the limited method that acts as agent in the ar</p><p>　　At present, China has already begun to implement the monopolized shop system of the automobile, has already had practice of a few year

62、s too to sell the car to pay by installments. And play a greater and greater role. This is a foreign ripe mode, sell the car in the new developing department store in the world, China has already appeared too, the e-busi

63、ness of automobile is tried to some extent at home too at the same time. </p><p>　　Like whole China's economy, auto industry, especially marketing of automobile, When new century will come and in front o

64、f 0 WT, face and catch up with and catch up with the problems of advanced international standards too. </p><p>　　How to study international advanced experience, especially what one's own country and this

65、 enterprise reality of combining international advanced experience, It is the question that every automobile manufacturing company should study, It is even more the question that the masses of distributors should pay clo

66、se attention to.</p><p>　　At the present stage, the current situation of consumer demand of automobile of our country. The market is the circulation of commodities and distributing centre exchanged, and a ti

67、e of binding production and consumption. The marketing activities of modern enterprises must be market-oriented, need something on the market, enterprises just produce anything. If enterprises want to obtain development,

68、 besides understanding the market correlated with enterprise, will do a good job of research of the</p><p>　　(1) Consumer purchase desire current situation Beijing old vision social economy of automobile inv

69、estigate Co., Ltd. to having families that buys purpose to " mainly buy targets " to make and suit well specially correctly Check. Whether investigate structure order it arranges to be according to priority tha

70、t buy. The primary importance is the household appliances ; The second is the house; The third is computer , furniture , automobile ,etc.. According to investigation result, the purchase desir</p><p>　　Will

71、it be spring 2000, Chinese auto industry association make one entitled ' I need the automobile ' consumer psychology investigate. Analyse the investigation result, draw the conclusion roughly similar to above-men

72、tioned results. Among them , it is up to 70 to answer the proportion that " I do not need the automobile now ". 3%; Answer the proportion that " I may need the automobile in the future " and is 47. 3%

73、.</p><p>　　Although two investigations can't all show consumer demand of the domestic automobile at present , but they have all left a common view on us: As to at present, consumers of our country are no

74、t still very strong to the desire to purchase car.</p><p>　　(2) consumer purchasing power 2001 such as current situation in automobile China urban consumption of resident shape investigation indicate, 12 big

75、 cities than in the developed east of national economy, most residents' monthly income level is less than 1500 yuan, namely calculate only 1 annual income according to monthly income of 1500 yuan. 80,000 yuan; The or

76、dinary annual income of resident's family is 2. 50,000 yuan. Is it buy one 130,000 about home automobile consumption total expenditure fo</p><p>　　A point of survey reports offered according to the resea

77、rch association of market research of the Chinese automobile, urban family at present buy price grade proportion of automobile a heavy one 10~13 ten thousand the train most, that is to say about Xiali of style , accounts

78、 for 31%; Secondly it is this grade of 100 ten thousand yuan, including such brands as Jetta , Citroen zx ,etc., accounts for 17. 5%. But consumers say, if will buy the car afterwards, their choice will be concentrated o

79、n th</p><p>　　Comparing with two investigation results, we are easy to find , accord with the existing income level of residents of our country at present, if buy a home automobile, their purchasing power is

80、 still very limited. But the family that has already bought the home automobile watches, their purchasing the car grade is in charge of looms and check the quality and quantity of the products when concentrated on . Phen

81、omenon that the income level and level of consumption of this kind of consumer do not m</p><p>　　(3), consumer relevant environmental current situation to consume automobile hinder automobile enter factor of

82、 family not only the income level at present, the influence of the relevant environmental factors such as the market supplies with , consumption policy etc. can't be ignored. Beijing Evening reporter intercepts and i

83、nterviews by fixed position 76 automobile consumers, in 81% is it purchase car and is it purchase consumer of car to plan to set about already, have 38% consumer face automob</p><p>　　We think, there will be

84、 the following characteristics in the marketing mode of Chinese auto industry in future: </p><p>　　1.marketing subject: In the style that is produced in enormous quantities, the marketing system taking manuf

85、acturing company of production as the core will become and sell the subject organized. Sell the overall market strategy that the enterprise obeys and implements the manufacturing company. </p><p>　　2.strateg

86、ic partnership: The manufacturing company looks for as dependent on each other as lips and teeth, strategic partner sharing weal or woe, The great majority are sold the strategic partner that the unit will form the long-

87、term, firm relation with the large-scale automobile enterprise group separately. </p><p>　　3.regional group organize: Under certain geographical range and user's density condition, the seller will form t

88、he regional group , There are storage, maintenance, fittings in each group, form many kinds of functions. Based on regional group, form and sell the group nation </p><p>　　the regional group , There are stor

89、age, maintenance, fittings in each group, form many kinds of functions. Based on regional group, form and sell the group nation idly. </p><p>　　4.market supplement system: Sell the unit and some automobiles

90、and repair the conduct to sell and supplement independently small-scaly, Render service for other enterprise and some relation users. </p><p>　　5.new developing marketing method: The department store sells t

91、he car way, exists as the extension and stand of a regional group. The e-business will be combined with the traditional way at first, will influence on its later stage, Still unable to appraise at present. </p>&l

92、t;p>　　In general, in advancing, change world rapidly, our thought and knowledge improve, In the irreversible economic spring tide, each manufacturing company should establish and adjust marketing strategy constantly,

93、It chooses and accord with the marketing modes of market scale each sell enterprise want opportunity of getting hold of, Since choose already destiny. At present, a greatest characteristic of enterprise of China's ma

94、rketing is: Quantity is numerous, the organization disperses, and the sta</p><p>　　When new century comes, there will be a relatively great development in Chinese auto industries, In the face of the pressure

95、 of international competition of automobile group, Chinese automobile enterprise faces the brand-new crisis, The crisis is namely dangerous, is a chance. Every enterprise needs meeting a challenge, seize the opportunity,

96、 define one's own position, and seek one's own development.</p><p><b>　　附錄二 （譯文）</b></p><p>　　中國汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程</p><p>　　新世紀和中國在世界經(jīng)濟格局中的新地位，給中國各階層人士的心理和觀念都帶來了前所未有的直接的、

97、階變性的沖擊。</p><p>　　在這種形勢下一一汽車工業(yè)如何發(fā)展?中國汽車市場和營銷又該是何種狀況呢?</p><p>　　我們首先回顧一下中國汽車工業(yè)與中國汽車市場營銷的發(fā)展過程。</p><p>　　中國汽車工業(yè)經(jīng)過40余年的發(fā)展，可以分為若干階段，關于汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展階段有幾種不同分段方法，但基本相似。最近，在國家計委與德國大眾合作進行的一項研究，使用了這樣一

98、種分類。</p><p>　　一、中國汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展歷程</p><p>　　l、第一階段(1953年—1978年)；奠定中國汽車工業(yè)基礎階段。</p><p>　　在這一階段，初步形成了以中型載貨汽車為主的汽車工業(yè)和關聯(lián)產(chǎn)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)體系。</p><p>　　一一1953年7月15日，第一汽車制造廠在吉林省長春市興建，標志著中國汽車工業(yè)開始起步