分布式溫度傳感器外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　外文翻譯（原文）</b></p><p>　　Distributed Temperature Sensor</p><p>　　In the human living environment, temperature playing an extremely important role。No matter where you liv

2、e, engaged in any work, ever-present dealt with temperature under. Since the 18th century, industry since the industrial revolution to whether can master send exhibition has the absolute temperature touch. In metallurgy,

3、 steel, petrochemical, cement, glass, medicine industry and so on, can say almost eighty percent of industrial departments have to consider the factors with temperature. Temper</p><p>　　Major general through

4、 three sensor development phase: analog integrated temperature sensor. The sensor is taken with silicon semiconductor integrated workmanship, therefore also called silicon sensor or monolithic integrated temperature sens

5、or. Such sensing instruments have single function (only measuring temperature), temperature measurement error is smaller, price low, fast response, the transmission distance, small volume, micro-consumption electronic et

6、c, suitable for long distance measureme</p><p>　　The development trend of the temperature sensor. In the 21st century, the temperature sensor is headed in high precision, multi-function, bus, standardization

7、, high reliability and safety, development of virtual sensor and network sensor, research monolithic temperature measuring system and other high-tech direction develop rapidly. Sensors in the application temperature cont

8、rolling system. Current market exists mainly single point and more two temperature measurement. For single point temperatu</p><p>　　AT89C51 is a 4K bytes FLASH Memory (Erasable Programmable and FPEROM - FLAS

9、H for the campaigns with) low voltage, high-performance CMOS eight microprocessors, commonly known as the microcontroller. AT89C2051 is a 2K bytes with flash memory can be erased programmable read-only memory , SCM can e

10、rase read-only memory can be repeated erased 1000 times. This device adopts ATMEL high-density non-volatile memory manufacturing technology manufacturing, and industrial standard MCS - 51 instruction set a</p><

11、;p>　　1-2 AT89C51 pins figure</p><p>　　Major features:</p><p>　　· and MCS - 51 compatible</p><p>　　· 4K bytes programmable FLASH memory</p><p>　　· life

12、: 1000 write/wipe cycle</p><p>　　· data retention time: 10 years</p><p>　　· the static job: 0Hz - 24MHz</p><p>　　· level 3 program memory lock</p><p>　　&

13、#183; 128 x 8 bits internal RAM</p><p>　　· 32 programmable I/O lines</p><p>　　· two 16 timer</p><p>　　· 5 interrupt source</p><p>　　· programmable s

14、erial channels</p><p>　　· low power consumption of idle and power lost mode</p><p>　　· piece inside oscillator and clock circuit</p><p>　　Tube feet explains:</p>&l

15、t;p>　　VCC: power supply voltage.</p><p>　　GND: grounded.</p><p>　　P0 Mouth: P0 mouth a eight leak level two-way I/O mouth open, every foot can absorb 8TTL gate current. When the pipe mouth P

16、0 feet first write 1, defined as high resistance input. P0 can be used for external program data storage, it can be defined as the eighth data/address. In FIASH programming, P0 mouth as the source-code input port, when F

17、IASH check, the source-code P0 output, when P0 external must be pulled.</p><p>　　P1 mouth: mouth is an internal P1 provide pull-up resistors 8-bit two-way I/O mouth, P1 mouth buffer can receive 4TTL gate cur

18、rent output. P1 mouth tube feet, was then write 1 for high, pull up inside can be used as input, P1 mouth be external pull down for low electricity at ordinary times, will output current, this is due to internal pull up

19、sake. In FLASH programming and calibration, P1 mouth as eighth address to receive.</p><p>　　P2 mouth: for an internal P2 mouth on the 8-bit pull-up resistors two-way I/O port, P2 mouth to receive, the output

20、 buffer 4 TTL gate current, when P2 mouth is written "1", its tube feet are internal pull-up resistors, and push as input. And so as the input, P2 mouth feet are external down tube, will output current. This is

21、 due to internal pull up sake. P2 mouth when used external program memory or 16 address external data memory access, P2 mouth high output address eight. In a given address "1"</p><p>　　P3 mouth: P3

22、 mouth pipe is 8 feet with internal pull-up resistors two-way I/O port, may receive four TTL gate current out put. When P3 mouth writing "1", they are internal and high level, and used as input. As input, due t

23、o external drop-down for low level, P3 mouth will output current (ILL) this is due to pull up's sake.</p><p>　　RST: reset input. When oscillator reset device to keep RST feet high level two machine cycle

24、 time.</p><p>　　ALE/PROG: when access external storage, address latch allows the output level of the position for latch address byte. During the FLASH programming, this pin for input programming pulse. In pe

25、acetime, the ALE with a constant frequency cycle output is the pulse signal, the frequencies of the 1/6 oscillator frequency. So it can be used against external output pulse or used for timing purpose. However it is: whe

26、never used for external data storage, will skip a ALE pulse. If you want to ban the ALE o</p><p>　　/ PSEN: external program memory choice of communication number. By external program memory in during the ins

27、truction fetch, each machine cycle twice /PSEN effective. But on a visit to external data storage, the two effective/PSEN signals will not appear.</p><p>　　/ EA/VPP: when/EA keep low levels in this period, t

28、he external program memory (0000H - FFFFH), whether have internal program memory. Note encryption method 1, / EA will RESET for internal focus; When/EA end keep high electricity at ordinary times, internal program memory

29、 here. During the FLASH programming, this pin is also used VPP 12V programming power (on).</p><p>　　XTAL1: the inverting oscillator amplifier input and input to the internal clock operating circuit.</p>

30、;<p>　　XTAL2: from reverse oscillator output.</p><p>　　Keil Vision 2 is about the 8051 series MCU Keil company of development tools can be used to compile C source code, assemblers source program, co

31、nnection and relocation target files and libraries, gen built: documents, debugging purposes procedure, etc, it is a kind of integration of document management compile environment. It integrates document editing processi

32、ng, compile connection, project management, window, tools cited and software copy true debugging and other functions, is pretty powerfu</p><p><b>　　外文翻譯（譯文）</b></p><p><b>　　分布式

33、溫度傳感器</b></p><p>　　在人類的生活環(huán)境中，溫度扮演著極其重要的角色。無論你生活在哪里，從事什么工作，無時(shí)無刻不在與溫度打著交道。自 18 世紀(jì)工業(yè)革命以來，工業(yè)發(fā) 展對(duì)是否能掌握溫度有著絕對(duì)的聯(lián)系。在冶金、鋼鐵、石化、水泥、玻璃、醫(yī)藥 等等行業(yè)，可以說幾乎%80 的工業(yè)部門都不得不考慮著溫度的因素。 溫度對(duì)于工業(yè)如此重要，由此推進(jìn)了溫度傳感器的發(fā)展。溫度傳感器的發(fā)展</p>

34、;<p>　　傳感器主要大體經(jīng)過了三個(gè)發(fā)展階段：模擬集成溫度傳感器。該傳感器是采 用硅半導(dǎo)體集成工藝制成，因此亦稱硅傳感器或單片集成溫度傳感器。此種傳感 器具有功能單一(僅測(cè)量溫度)、 測(cè)溫誤差小、 價(jià)格低、 響應(yīng)速度快、 傳輸距離遠(yuǎn)、 體積小、微功耗等，適合遠(yuǎn)距離測(cè)溫、控溫，不需要進(jìn)行非線性校準(zhǔn)，外圍電路 簡(jiǎn)單。它是目前在國(guó)內(nèi)外應(yīng)用最為普遍的一種集成傳感器，典型產(chǎn)品有 AD590、 AD592、TMP17、LM135 等

35、；模擬集成溫度控制器。模擬集成溫度控制器主要包括 溫控開關(guān)、可編程溫度控制器，典型產(chǎn)品有 LM56、AD22105 和 MAX6509。某些增強(qiáng)型集成溫度控制器(例如 TC652/653)中還包含了 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器以及固化好的程 序，這與智能溫度傳感器有某些相似之處。但它自成系統(tǒng)，工作時(shí)并不受微處理 器的控制，這是二者的主要區(qū)別；智能溫度傳感器。能溫度傳感器(亦稱數(shù)字溫 度傳感器)是在 20 世紀(jì) 90 年代中期問世的。它是微電子技術(shù)、

36、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和自 動(dòng)測(cè)試技術(shù)(ATE)的結(jié)晶。智能溫度傳感器內(nèi)部都包含溫度傳感器、A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器、 信號(hào)處理器、存儲(chǔ)器(或寄存器)和接口電路。有的產(chǎn)品</p><p>　　目前市場(chǎng)主要存在單點(diǎn)和多點(diǎn)兩種溫度測(cè)量?jī)x表。對(duì)于單點(diǎn)溫測(cè)儀表，主要 采用傳統(tǒng)的模擬集成溫度傳感器，其中又以熱電阻、熱電偶等傳感器的測(cè)量精度 高，測(cè)量范圍大，而得到了普遍的應(yīng)用。此種產(chǎn)品測(cè)溫范圍大都在-200℃~800℃ 之間，分辨率 12 位，最

37、小分辨溫度在 0.001~0.01 之間。自帶 LED 顯示模塊，顯示 4 位到 16 位不等。有的儀表還具有存儲(chǔ)功能，可存儲(chǔ)幾百到幾千組數(shù)據(jù)。該類儀表可很好的滿足單個(gè)用戶單點(diǎn)測(cè)量的需要。多點(diǎn)溫度測(cè)量?jī)x表，相對(duì)與單點(diǎn) 的測(cè)量精度有一定的差距，雖然實(shí)現(xiàn)了多路溫度的測(cè)控，但價(jià)格昂貴。 針對(duì)目前市場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)狀，本課題提出了一種可滿足要求、可擴(kuò)展的并且性價(jià)比 高的單片機(jī)多路測(cè)溫系統(tǒng)。通過溫度傳感器 DS18B20 采集，然后通過 C51 單片機(jī)處理

38、并在數(shù)碼管上顯示，可以采集室內(nèi)或花房中四處不同位置的溫度，用四個(gè)數(shù)碼管來顯示。第一個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示所采集的是哪一路，哪個(gè)通道。后三個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示所采集通道的溫度值，精確到0.1度。</p><p>　　AT89C51是一種帶4K字節(jié)FLASH存儲(chǔ)器（FPEROM—Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory）的低電壓、高性能CMOS 8位微處理器，俗稱單片機(jī)。AT89

39、C2051是一種帶2K字節(jié)閃存可編程可擦除只讀存儲(chǔ)器的單片機(jī)。單片機(jī)的可擦除只讀存儲(chǔ)器可以反復(fù)擦除1000次。該器件采用ATMEL高密度非易失存儲(chǔ)器制造技術(shù)制造，與工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的MCS-51指令集和輸出管腳相兼容。由于將多功能8位CPU和閃爍存儲(chǔ)器組合在單個(gè)芯片中，ATMEL的AT89C51是一種高效微控制器，AT89C2051是它的一種精簡(jiǎn)版本。AT89C51單片機(jī)為很多嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)提供了一種靈活性高且價(jià)廉的方案。外形及引腳排列如圖“圖

40、1-2”所示</p><p>　　圖1-2 AT89C51引腳圖</p><p><b>　　主要特性：</b></p><p>　　·與MCS-51 兼容 </p><p>　　·4K字節(jié)可編程FLASH存儲(chǔ)器 </p><p>　　·壽命：1000寫/擦循環(huán) &

41、lt;/p><p>　　·數(shù)據(jù)保留時(shí)間：10年 </p><p>　　·全靜態(tài)工作：0Hz-24MHz </p><p>　　·三級(jí)程序存儲(chǔ)器鎖定 </p><p>　　·128×8位內(nèi)部RAM </p><p>　　·32可編程I/O線 </p>

42、<p>　　·兩個(gè)16位定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器 </p><p><b>　　·5個(gè)中斷源 </b></p><p><b>　　·可編程串行通道 </b></p><p>　　·低功耗的閑置和掉電模式 </p><p>　　·片內(nèi)振蕩器和時(shí)鐘電路

43、</p><p><b>　　管腳說明：</b></p><p>　　VCC：供電電壓。 </p><p><b>　　GND：接地。 </b></p><p>　　P0口：P0口為一個(gè)8位漏級(jí)開路雙向I/O口，每腳可吸收8TTL門電流。當(dāng)P0口的管腳第一次寫1時(shí)，被定義為高阻輸入。P0能夠用于外部

44、程序數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器，它可以被定義為數(shù)據(jù)/地址的第八位。在FIASH編程時(shí)，P0 口作為原碼輸入口，當(dāng)FIASH進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)時(shí)，P0輸出原碼，此時(shí)P0外部必須被拉高。 </p><p>　　P1口：P1口是一個(gè)內(nèi)部提供上拉電阻的8位雙向I/O口，P1口緩沖器能接收輸出4TTL門電流。P1口管腳寫入1后，被內(nèi)部上拉為高，可用作輸入，P1口被外部下拉為低電平時(shí)，將輸出電流，這是由于內(nèi)部上拉的緣故。在FLASH編程和校驗(yàn)時(shí)，P1

45、口作為第八位地址接收。 </p><p>　　P2口：P2口為一個(gè)內(nèi)部上拉電阻的8位雙向I/O口，P2口緩沖器可接收，輸出4個(gè)TTL門電流，當(dāng)P2口被寫“1”時(shí)，其管腳被內(nèi)部上拉電阻拉高，且作為輸入。并因此作為輸入時(shí)，P2口的管腳被外部拉低，將輸出電流。這是由于內(nèi)部上拉的緣故。P2口當(dāng)用于外部程序存儲(chǔ)器或16位地址外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器進(jìn)行存取時(shí)， P2口輸出地址的高八位。在給出地址“1”時(shí)，它利用內(nèi)部

46、上拉優(yōu)勢(shì)，當(dāng)對(duì)外部八位地址數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器進(jìn)行讀寫時(shí)，P2口輸出其特殊功能寄存器的內(nèi)容。P2口在FLASH編程和校驗(yàn)時(shí)接收高八位地址信號(hào)和控制信號(hào)。 </p><p>　　P3口：P3口管腳是8個(gè)帶內(nèi)部上拉電阻的雙向I/O口，可接收輸出4個(gè)TTL門電流。當(dāng)P3口寫入“1”后，它們被內(nèi)部上拉為高電平，并用作輸入。作為輸入，由于外部下拉為低電平，P3口將輸出電流（ILL）這是由于上拉的緣故。</p><

47、p>　　RST：復(fù)位輸入。當(dāng)振蕩器復(fù)位器件時(shí)，要保持RST腳兩個(gè)機(jī)器周期的高電平時(shí)間。 </p><p>　　ALE/PROG：當(dāng)訪問外部存儲(chǔ)器時(shí)，地址鎖存允許的輸出電平用于鎖存地址的地位字節(jié)。在FLASH編程期間，此引腳用于輸入編程脈沖。在平時(shí)，ALE端以不變的頻率周期輸出正脈沖信號(hào)，此頻率為振蕩器頻率的1/6。因此它可用作對(duì)外部輸出的脈沖或用于定時(shí)目的。然而要注意的是：每當(dāng)用作外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器時(shí)，將跳過一

48、個(gè)ALE脈沖。如想禁止ALE的輸出可在SFR8EH地址上置0。此時(shí)， ALE只有在執(zhí)行MOVX，MOVC指令是ALE才起作用。另外，該引腳被略微拉高。如果微處理器在外部執(zhí)行狀態(tài)ALE禁止，置位無效。 </p><p>　　/PSEN：外部程序存儲(chǔ)器的選通信號(hào)。在由外部程序存儲(chǔ)器取指期間，每個(gè)機(jī)器周期兩次/PSEN有效。但在訪問外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器時(shí)，這兩次有效的/PSEN信號(hào)將不出現(xiàn)。 </p><

49、p>　　/EA/VPP：當(dāng)/EA保持低電平時(shí)，則在此期間外部程序存儲(chǔ)器（0000H-FFFFH），不管是否有內(nèi)部程序存儲(chǔ)器。注意加密方式1時(shí)，/EA將內(nèi)部鎖定為RESET；當(dāng)/EA端保持高電平時(shí)，此間內(nèi)部程序存儲(chǔ)器。在FLASH編程期間，此引腳也用于施加12V編程電源（VPP）。 </p><p>　　XTAL1：反向振蕩放大器的輸入及內(nèi)部時(shí)鐘工作電路的輸入。 </p><p>　　

50、XTAL2：來自反向振蕩器的輸出。 </p><p>　　KeilμVision 2 是 Keil 公司關(guān)于 8051 系列 MCU 的開發(fā)工具，可以用來編譯 C 源碼、匯編源程序、連接和重定位目標(biāo)文件和庫文件、創(chuàng) 建 HEX 文件、調(diào)試目標(biāo)程序等，是一種集成化的文件管理編譯環(huán)境。它 集成了文件編輯處理、編譯連接、項(xiàng)目管理、窗口、工具引用和軟件仿 真調(diào)試等多種功能，是相當(dāng)強(qiáng)大的開發(fā)工具。在 keil 里面編寫好所