外文翻譯---220t／h燃高爐煤氣鍋爐技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析

1、<p>　　220t / h fuel technical and economic analysis of blast furnace gas boiler</p><p><b>　　Abstract:</b></p><p>　　A large steel company in the energy guzzler, the construction

2、of the 220 t / h burning blast furnace gas boiler project technical and economic analysis for enterprise development, on the basis of energy saving and environmental protection to achieve coordination and sustainable dev

3、elopment provide the basis for decision-making services.</p><p>　　Keywords: burning blast furnace gas boiler; economic analysis; energy saving</p><p>　　0 Overview</p><p>　　A large s

4、teel company in 2005, energy consumption 544 million tons of coal, the comprehensive energy consumption of 836 tons of steel. 3Kgce, tons of steel comparable energy consumption 796. 3Kgce, high</p><p>　　Iron

5、 and steel industry in 2005 ton of steel 741Kgce of the overall energy consumption per tone of steel than the energy consumption 715Kgce average level. furnace gas emission losses of the company in 2005 was 10.22%. Blast

6、 furnace gas emission loss of 143,000 tons of standard coal. (2) of the enterprise in 2005 tons of steel converter gas recovery ratio of 54 m3 and 95 m3 there is a big gap compared with the domestic advanced level. Ton o

7、f steel recycled 90 cubic meters of converter gas, in 20</p><p>　　Billion cubic meters. Enterprises to improve energy efficiency, energy conservation, and plans to build two sets of 220t / h full-burning bla

8、st furnace gas temperature and high pressure boilers, and configure a 15MW high back pressure pre-generator set.</p><p><b>　　1 design</b></p><p>　　1.1 energy-saving and gas balance c

9、alculation</p><p>　　Corporate pig iron and coke production in 2005 were 6.53 million tons and 300 tons, that is, the hour is high, coke oven gas remains unchanged.</p><p>　　In order to reduce th

10、e overall energy consumption of tons of steel, converter steel, iron and steel ratio decreased from 1.08 in 2005, 1.0, converter steel production was 6.5 million tons. Tons of steel converter gas back</p><p>

11、;　　Yield of 54 cubic meters in 2005 to 90 cubic meters, the recovery of the amount of 585 million cubic meters, 73,100 cubic meters of hours converter gas recovery, more than 41,200 cubic meters in 2005 / multi-recycling

12、 38,100 m3 / h. Transfer is to improve the quality of the sinter and blast furnace air temperature, will be more than recovered</p><p>　　Ironmaking and sintering of the furnace gas supply system, the replace

13、ment of the original use of blast furnace gas. blast furnace gas emission in 2005 loss of 10.22%. Should the construction of this work</p><p>　　Agenda item, blast furnace gas is basically to hold loose.

14、48577; through the construction of this project, can reduce the thermal power plant of the existing pulverized coal fired boiler steam production, reduce the blast furnace gas co-firing amount.</p><p>　　And

15、steam for the steam capacity of 1.2 heat load calculation and analysis the current situation of supply and demand of the heat load of the whole plant, the main problems are: enterprise Thermal Power Plant 12 pulverized c

16、oal boiler. Of which, there are eight Taichung temperature and pressure boiler was built in the mid-50s of last century, so far has been running for 50 years, the boiler thermal efficiency and steam production capacity h

17、as not meet the need for the whole plant pressure steam </p><p>　　Source of waste.</p><p>　　To this end, the new 220 t / h high temperature and high pressure boilers burning blast furnace gas, a

18、nd configure a 15MW high back pressure pre-generator sets, hour production of 440 tons of high-pressure steam. Among them, 300 tons of pressure / high temperature and high pressure steam through the high back pressure pr

19、e-generator sets, the use of high temperature and high pressure steam generating 126 million kwh of standard coal equivalent 50,900 tons to achieve residual pressure recycling; 3</p><p>　　1.3 design</p>

20、;<p>　　According to the amount of surplus of the enterprise per hour, nearly 40 million cubic meters of blast furnace gas, there are two sets of available programs, the program first, the construction of 220 tons

21、/ Blast Furnace Gas Boiler</p><p>　　(Including front-end) project, two of the program is to build 300 MW Blast Furnace Gas of CCPP (the gas 􀀁 steam combined cycle power generation) project</p>

22、<p>　　2 Technical and Economic Analysis</p><p>　　Technical and economic construction content using the analogy of two programs, economic benefits, the investment comparison analysis. (1) the construct

23、ion of the content</p><p>　　Program: The main works include: construction of two sets of 220t / h high temperature and high pressure burning blast furnace gas boiler 1 15MW high back pressure of the front un

24、it, temperature and pressure reduction devices, heaters, deaerator, gas manifolds, instrument control, electrical, plant, and other auxiliary facilities and so on.</p><p>　　Option II: The main projects inclu

25、de: construction of a 300 MW Blast Furnace Gas Gas Turbine, a three-pressure waste heat boiler, a 100MW condensing turbine generator, a gas compressor and an air compressor, a reduction temperature reduction pressure equ

26、ipment, as well as ancillary equipment. Hours use of blast furnace gas power plant of about 400,000 cubic meters, 20,000 cubic meters of coke oven gas, hours of generating capacity 300,000 Kwh.</p><p>　　(2)

27、economic benefits</p><p>　　Program: The project is put into production, outsourced power raw coal folding of standard coal can be reduced by about 30 million tons a year, saving the purchase of coal of about

28、 1 500 million yuan (coal equivalent discount of 500 yuan / ton), an annual generating capacity of 126 million kWh, young and spending power purchase paragraph 56.7 million yuan (average purchase price 450 yuan / K. The

29、Kw h) The share of power generation price difference of 100 yuan / K. The Kwh, the annual cost savin</p><p>　　(3) Investment</p><p>　　Program: The project total estimated investment of 186.5 mil

30、lion yuan. Among them, the cost of the project is 158.23 million yuan, other construction cost of 5.52 million yuan, the basic reserve fund</p><p>　　13.08 million yuan, construction period interest of 7.83 m

31、illion yuan, circulating fund is 2.13 million yuan.</p><p>　　Option Two: Anshan Iron and Steel's second power plant in the same scale of capital investment, and Chongqing Iron and Steel Design Institute

32、data estimates, the total investment of 15 billion yuan.</p><p>　　(4) options</p><p>　　A large steel company in the existing blast furnace all the steam moving blast way, the nature of productio

33、n of hot 􀀁 power plant is to ensure that the blast furnace steam to move the heating of the blast and the whole company-based, electric heat-set according to the national energy-saving measures metallurgical req

34、uirements 􀀁 􀀁, since the operation of the generator set is used to reduce the heating load fluctuations caused by heat loss (eg winter, summer heat load changes, production overha</p><p>　　

35、Second, although two of the program's effectiveness, high utilization rate of energy conversion, but higher investment, higher risk, more important is the shortage of the existing coke oven gas, unable to meet the CC

36、PP production process requirements, while the steam turbine for pure condensate machine, the heat supply can not meet the shortage of three-user requirements. Program of low investment, quick, and can meet the production

37、 needs, so the program as a recommended preferred option.</p><p>　　3 Conclusion</p><p>　　The energy saving is a major strategic task in the process of the development of iron and steel industry.

38、 At the macro level, the requirement to adjust the industrial structure and layout, section</p><p>　　Able reduction of the concept of development throughout the various aspects of steel production, to establ

39、ish industry-wide energy saving production system. At the micro level, requires enterprises to improve energy efficiency, saving energy and reducing emissions.</p><p>　　New 220 t / burning blast furnace gas

40、temperature and high pressure boiler, and configure a 15MW high back pressure pre-generator sets, not only surplus blast furnace gas of 400,000 cubic meters / hour to be a reasonable use, and energy saving and environmen

41、tal protection a significant effect:</p><p>　　(1) can take advantage of the surplus gas to prevent gas emission losses.</p><p>　　(2) the overall environmental quality of the projects of the ente

42、rprise will play an improvement.</p><p>　　(3) After the completion of the project, the energy is fully utilized: energy recovery 44 69</p><p>　　Tons of standard coal. Of which: original high-pre

43、ssure steam with an annual output of 330 million tons of standard coal equivalent 396 thousand tons; generating 126 million kwh, equivalent to 50,900 tons of standard coal; indirect energy saving 120,700 tons of standard

44、 coal; alternative workshop pulverized coal gas mixed Boiler annual consumption of thermal coal 17 million tons, equivalent to the standard coal 12 07 tons; project their own annual energy consumption of standard coal eq

45、uivalent 4</p><p>　　(5) two gas furnace put into operation, to reduce SO2 emissions by 8000 tons of solid waste generated 16,000 tons.</p><p>　　The enterprise in the development process, the use

46、 of surplus blast furnace gas, the construction of 2 220 t / h high-temperature high-pressure combustion of blast furnace gas boiler and a 15MW high back pressure pre-generator sets, and have achieved significant benefit

47、s in energy saving, environmental protection and economic , in line with the direction of development of the iron and steel industrial policy and energy savings of recycling economy.</p><p>　　附錄C——英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯<

48、/p><p>　　220t／h燃高爐煤氣鍋爐技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析</p><p>　　摘要： 某大型鋼鐵聯(lián)合企業(yè)是能源消耗大戶，通過(guò)對(duì)建設(shè)220 t／h燃高爐煤氣鍋爐項(xiàng)目行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，為企業(yè)發(fā)展建立在節(jié)約能源和環(huán)境保護(hù)基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供依據(jù)和決策服務(wù)。 </p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞： 燃高爐煤氣鍋爐 經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 節(jié)能減排 </p><p&g

49、t;<b>　　概述：</b></p><p>　　某大型鋼鐵聯(lián)合企業(yè)，2005年消耗能源5442萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤，噸鋼綜合能耗836．3 K g e e ，噸鋼可比能耗796．3Kgce，高于2005年鋼鐵行業(yè)噸鋼綜合能耗741Kgee，噸鋼可比能耗715Kgce的平均水平。 </p><p>　　( I ) 2005年該企業(yè)高爐煤氣放散損失率為10．22 ％。年高爐煤

50、氣放散損失14．3萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤。</p><p>　　( 2 )2005年該企業(yè)噸鋼轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣回收量54立方米，與國(guó)內(nèi)先進(jìn)水平95立方米相比存在較大差距。如按噸鋼回收轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣9O立方米計(jì)算，2005年該企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣損失1.77億立方米。企業(yè)要提高能源利用效率,節(jié)能減排，擬新建2臺(tái)220t／h全燃高爐煤氣高溫高壓鍋爐，并配置1臺(tái)15 MW高背壓前置發(fā)電機(jī)組。 </p><p><b>

51、;　　1 設(shè)計(jì)方案 </b></p><p>　　1．1 節(jié)能分析和煤氣平衡計(jì)算 </p><p>　　①企業(yè)生鐵和焦炭產(chǎn)量與2005年相同，分別為653萬(wàn)噸和300萬(wàn)噸，即小時(shí)高、焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)生量不變。 </p><p>　?、跒榻档蛧嶄摼C合能耗，轉(zhuǎn)爐鋼的鐵鋼比由2005年的1．08下降為1．0， 轉(zhuǎn)爐鋼產(chǎn)量為650萬(wàn)噸。噸鋼轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣回收量由2005年

52、的54立方米提高到90立方米 ，年回收量5．85 億立方米，小時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣回收量7．31 萬(wàn)立方米， 比2005年的4．12萬(wàn)立方米／時(shí)，多回收3.81萬(wàn)立方米／時(shí)。 </p><p>　?、蹫楦纳茻Y(jié)礦的質(zhì)量和提高高爐風(fēng)溫，將多回收的轉(zhuǎn)爐煤氣供給煉鐵及燒結(jié)系統(tǒng)，置換出原使用的高爐煤氣。 </p><p>　?、萃ㄟ^(guò)建設(shè)本工程項(xiàng)目，可降低熱電廠現(xiàn)有煤粉鍋爐的蒸汽產(chǎn)量，減少高爐煤氣混燒量。

53、</p><p>　　1．2熱負(fù)荷分析和蒸汽供汽能力計(jì)算 </p><p>　　分析全廠熱負(fù)荷供需現(xiàn)狀， 存在的主要問(wèn)題是：企業(yè)熱電廠現(xiàn)有l(wèi)2臺(tái)煤粉鍋爐。其中，有 8臺(tái)中溫中壓鍋爐建于上世紀(jì)50年代中期，至今已運(yùn)行50年，鍋爐熱效率及產(chǎn)汽能力已不能滿足全廠中壓蒸汽的需要，迫使由高壓鍋爐生產(chǎn)的高壓蒸汽減溫減壓后供給，造成高壓蒸汽壓力能損失及能源浪費(fèi)。 </p><p&g

54、t;　　為此，新建2臺(tái)220噸／時(shí)全燃高爐煤氣高溫高壓鍋爐，并配置1臺(tái)15MW高背壓前置發(fā)電機(jī)組，小時(shí)產(chǎn)高壓蒸汽440噸。其中，300噸／時(shí)高溫高壓蒸汽通過(guò)高背壓前置發(fā)電機(jī)組， 利用高溫高壓蒸汽的壓力發(fā)電I ．2 6億千瓦時(shí)，折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤5．09萬(wàn)噸，實(shí)現(xiàn)余壓回收利用，其300Ⅱ電／時(shí)中壓排汽供高爐汽動(dòng)鼓風(fēng)機(jī)使用 另外 ，140噸／時(shí)高溫高壓蒸汽供高 </p><p>　　壓熱電車間汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)組用汽，可減少煤粉鍋爐

55、熱負(fù)荷供應(yīng)140Ⅱ屯／時(shí)，相應(yīng)年減少動(dòng)力煤消耗l萬(wàn)噸，折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤12 .07萬(wàn)噸。 </p><p><b>　　1．3 設(shè)計(jì)方案 </b></p><p>　　根據(jù)企業(yè)每小時(shí)近40萬(wàn)立方米高爐煤氣的富余量，有兩套可利用方案，方案一是建220噸／時(shí)全燃高爐煤氣鍋爐(含前置機(jī))工程，方案二是建300MW燃高爐煤氣CCPP(燃?xì)庖徽羝?lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電)工程。 </p

56、><p><b>　　2 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 </b></p><p>　　技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)采用類比法對(duì)兩方案的建設(shè)內(nèi)容、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、投資三方面對(duì)比、分析。 </p><p>　　( I ) 建設(shè)內(nèi)容 </p><p>　　方案一 主要工程內(nèi)容包括：建設(shè)2臺(tái)220 t／h高溫高壓全燒高爐煤氣鍋爐、1臺(tái)15MW高背壓前置機(jī)組、減溫減壓 裝置

57、、加熱器、除氧器、燃?xì)忾y組、儀控、電氣、廠房 ，及其它輔助設(shè)施等。 </p><p>　　方案二 主要工程內(nèi)容包括 ：建設(shè)一臺(tái)300MW高爐煤氣燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)、一臺(tái)三壓余熱鍋爐、 一臺(tái)100MW純凝汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)、一臺(tái)煤氣壓縮機(jī)和一臺(tái)空氣壓縮機(jī)、一臺(tái)減溫減壓設(shè)備、以及配套設(shè)備。電站小時(shí)利用高爐煤氣約40萬(wàn)立方米，焦?fàn)t煤氣2萬(wàn)立方米，小時(shí)發(fā)電量3O萬(wàn)K w h 。 </p><p>　　( 2 )

58、 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 </p><p>　　方案一 ：項(xiàng)目建成達(dá)產(chǎn)后，每年可減少外購(gòu)動(dòng)力原煤折標(biāo)煤約30萬(wàn)噸，節(jié)約購(gòu)煤款約1．5億元(標(biāo)煤折價(jià)500 噸) ，年發(fā)電量1.2 6億千瓦時(shí)，年少支出購(gòu)電款5670萬(wàn)元(平均購(gòu)電價(jià) 450K ．K w h)，購(gòu)發(fā)電差價(jià)1 0 0元／K ．K w h ，年節(jié)約成本約1 2 6 0萬(wàn)元。每年總計(jì)節(jié)約成本1．626億元。 </p><p>　　方案二：項(xiàng)目建成

59、達(dá)產(chǎn)后，每年可減少外購(gòu)動(dòng)力原煤折標(biāo)煤約30萬(wàn)噸，節(jié)約購(gòu)煤款約1．5億元(標(biāo)煤折價(jià)5 0 0元／噸) ，可年發(fā)電量近22億K w h ，廠用電率按4 ％，企業(yè)可每年少購(gòu)電21． 2億K w h ，年少支出購(gòu)電款9．50 4億元(平均購(gòu)電價(jià)450 ／K．K w h ) 購(gòu)發(fā)電差價(jià)1 5 0 K ．K w h ，年節(jié)約成 本約3 ．6 8億元。每年總計(jì)節(jié)約成本4．6 6 8億元。 </p><p>　　( 3 ) 投資

60、比較 </p><p>　　方案一： 本項(xiàng)目總投資估算18650萬(wàn)元。其中，工程費(fèi)用15823萬(wàn)元、工程建設(shè)其他費(fèi)用552萬(wàn)元、基本預(yù)備費(fèi)1308萬(wàn)元、建設(shè)期利息783萬(wàn)元 鋪底流動(dòng)資金213萬(wàn)元。 </p><p>　　方案二： 根據(jù)鞍鋼第二發(fā)電廠同等規(guī)模的建設(shè)投資，以及按重慶鋼鐵設(shè)計(jì)院資料估算，總投資約在15億元左右。 </p><p>　　( 4 ) 方案

61、選擇 </p><p>　　某大型鋼鐵聯(lián)合企業(yè)現(xiàn)有高爐全部為汽動(dòng)鼓風(fēng)方式，熱一電廠生產(chǎn)性質(zhì)是以確保高爐汽動(dòng)鼓風(fēng)及全公司供熱為主，按國(guó)家對(duì)冶金節(jié)能措施要求“以熱定電 ，即 自發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行是用來(lái)減少供熱負(fù)荷波動(dòng)造成的熱損耗(如冬、夏季熱負(fù)荷變化， 生產(chǎn)檢修帶來(lái)熱負(fù)荷變化等)； 因此， 全公司富余煤氣應(yīng)結(jié)合企業(yè)實(shí)際情況，即首先滿足供熱需 ，其次才是提高自發(fā)電能力。采用 C C P P方案其優(yōu)點(diǎn) 一是煤氣利用效率高；

62、二是機(jī)組熱一電轉(zhuǎn)換效率 高。結(jié)合本 企業(yè)供熱實(shí)際情況，一 臺(tái)3 0 0 MWC C P P小時(shí)耗高爐煤氣47萬(wàn)立方米 ，焦?fàn)t煤氣 4．2萬(wàn)立方米，將焦?fàn)t煤氣折算高爐煤氣為2 1萬(wàn)立方米，即一臺(tái)3 0 0 MWC C P P機(jī)組， 小時(shí)需耗高爐煤氣6 8萬(wàn)立方米 ，本企業(yè)現(xiàn)階段沒有這么多富余煤氣量；如上1 5 0 MWC C P P機(jī)組，小時(shí)耗高爐煤氣 3 6萬(wàn)立方米，現(xiàn)有富余煤氣量雖可保證，但該機(jī)組余熱鍋爐所產(chǎn)出次高壓蒸汽僅1 8 0噸

63、／時(shí)， 一是不能滿 足企業(yè)高爐汽動(dòng)鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的用汽量， 二是不能滿足高爐年工作 時(shí)間 8 4 o o小時(shí)／ 年以上的需要( 燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)年工作小時(shí)一般在6500～ 7000小時(shí)／年</p><p>　　其次，盡管方案二的效益高，能源轉(zhuǎn)換利用率高，但投資較高，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大，更主要的是本企業(yè)現(xiàn)有焦?fàn)t煤氣短缺，無(wú)法滿足CCPP的生產(chǎn)工藝要求 ，同時(shí)汽輪機(jī)為純凝機(jī)，供熱量不能滿足三電用戶短缺的要求 。而方案一投資省，見效快，且能滿足

64、生產(chǎn)需要，所以方案一為推薦首選方案。 </p><p><b>　　3 結(jié) 語(yǔ) </b></p><p>　　節(jié)能減排是鋼鐵工業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程 中面臨的重大戰(zhàn)略性任務(wù)。在宏觀層面上，要求對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和布局進(jìn)行調(diào)整，將節(jié)能減排的發(fā)展理念貫穿于鋼鐵生產(chǎn)的各環(huán)節(jié)，建立全行業(yè)的節(jié)能減排生產(chǎn)體系。在微觀層面上，要求企業(yè)提高能源利用效率，節(jié)約能源，減少排放。 </p>&

65、lt;p>　　新建2臺(tái)220噸／時(shí)全燃高爐煤氣高溫高壓鍋爐 ，并配置1臺(tái)15MW高背壓前置發(fā)電機(jī)組， 不僅使 4 0萬(wàn)立方米／4 ,時(shí)富余高爐煤氣得到合理利用，而且節(jié)能環(huán)保效果顯著： </p><p>　　( 1 ) 可充分利用富余煤氣，防止煤氣放散損失。 </p><p>　　( 2 ) 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)對(duì)企業(yè)的整體環(huán)境質(zhì)量將起到改善作用。 </p><p>

66、　　( 3 ) 項(xiàng)目建成后，能源得到充分利用：年回收能源4 4．6 9 萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)煤。其中：年產(chǎn)蒸汽30萬(wàn)噸，折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤39 ．6萬(wàn)噸；年發(fā)電1．2 6 億千瓦時(shí)，折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤5 .09萬(wàn)噸；間接節(jié)能12．07萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤；替代原高壓車間煤粉煤氣混燒鍋爐年耗動(dòng)力煤17萬(wàn)噸，折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤 12．O7萬(wàn)噸；工程項(xiàng)目自身年消耗能源折合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤45．75萬(wàn)噸。上述合計(jì)，本項(xiàng)目每年節(jié)省能源11．03萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤。 </p><p>　

67、　( 4 ) 項(xiàng) 目自身使用的能源為清潔的高爐煤氣。由于鋼鐵工藝副產(chǎn)的氣體燃料發(fā)熱值較低， 組份中基本沒有燃料一N，煤氣爐相對(duì)煤粉爐而言，爐膛溫度較低，煙氣停留時(shí)間短，過(guò)?？諝庀禂?shù)也較小，鍋爐運(yùn)行實(shí)際生成的NOX很低；而企業(yè)氣體燃料中S份含量極少，且經(jīng)凈化后送至本工程的含塵量均低于1 0 m g／N m，因此，本工程燃?xì)忮仩t燃燒生成的煙氣中對(duì)大氣的污染很少，不需要煙氣除塵、脫硫等處理系統(tǒng)。 </p><p>