外文翻譯--復(fù)雜彎軸壓力機(jī)模鍛復(fù)合鍛造工藝

1、<p>　　Complicated Curved The Stalk Pressure Machine Mold Duan Compound Forge Craft</p><p><b>　　Summary</b></p><p>　　Aim at the technique characteristics of many problems and tha

2、t type of Duan piece oneselfs of the light sedan complicated and curved stalk Duan piece existing production craft, this text puts forward Gun Duan-rub the pressure machine mold Duan compound craft project, introduce con

3、cerning the semi-finished product of Gun Duan, bent semi-finished product, curve back to play, curve a work preface of reasonable arrangement etc. technological design important point and the reasonable structure and de&

4、lt;/p><p>　　Keyword:Complicated curved stalk Duan piece;Compound forging craft;Light sedan</p><p>　　A, foreword</p><p>　　Complicated and curved stalk Duan piece of the best take shape

5、a method have been the problem that forges profession to concentrate on a research, a little bit ex- year of our country light sedan production amount not big, don't form scale management, the past light sedan is com

6、plicated curved stalk Duan the production of the piece mainly with mold Duan of traditional hammer the craft carry on small batch quantity production, the factory house for having even adopts free Duan-foetus mold Duan c

7、r</p><p>　　Two, craft analysis and project assurance</p><p>　　Light sedan complicated curved stalk Duan piece, its characteristics is a stalk line to present a space curve form and much cut nood

8、les to differ and fall bad to the flection big, shape complicated, the forging takes shape to process a difficulty with molding tool bigger.With turn to the left toward the stanza arm(figure 1) is example, press mold Dua

9、n of traditional hammer craft, generally want to adopt to stir long-roll to press-flection-forging etc. the work tread.Its outstanding weakness is t</p><p>　　Aim at many problems of the existing forging craf

10、t and the technique characteristics of the complicated curved stalk Duan piece oneself, we made sure Gun Duan-rub the pressure machine mold Duan compound forging craft of project, its craft process is:Next anticipate →me

11、dium repeatedly respond heating →the Gun Duan system Pi →flection →forging →slice a side →correct →Duan piece quality examination.In this craft project adoption repeatedly responding heat not only raised Duan piece surfa

12、ce quality,</p><p>　　Three, technological design important point </p><p>　　The design of the semi-finished product of Gun Duan</p><p>　　Gun Duan semi-finished product design whether

13、 reasonable as to it's empress of curve, forge to take shape a work preface to have to influence very greatly, should be accurate to make Pi, satisfy reasonable between work prefaces to match.In addition to pressing

14、is general of Gun Duan the semi-finished product design a principle, notice following problem:(1)The gradient selection principle of the Gun Duan semi-finished product transition block for under the sistuation that can s

15、atisfy eventually t</p><p>　　The returning of flection plays</p><p>　　To complicated curved stalk Duan piece but speech, the flection takes shape to a pass importance.In the hot Duan, the flecti

16、on has already denied a time to play in the process and related impact factor, introductive in the teaching material, design manual and data of few.Pass experiment research enunciation, at rubbed pressure to carry on on

17、board don't clip tight flection, it is existent to curve back to play, hot Duan flection return to the size that play a value mainly and the shape of opposi</p><p>　　Curve the design of semi-finished pro

18、duct</p><p>　　To complicated and curved stalk Duan piece, flection semi-finished product design whether reasonable, to the forging take shape influence very greatly.Adjust to try in the craft in appear of tw

19、o key problems BE:The bent semi-finished product puts go into eventually Duan type the slot is unsteady and easily be partial to put;The right angle bent place easy folds.Such as the 1 t light car left, turn to the right

20、 toward the stanza arm two kinds of Duans piece in the first design, after flection put</p><p>　　Because metal dynasty minimum resistance direction flows and then curves place to gather together in the right

21、 angle, result at Duan piece the essence and hair fold on formation of side.For control a Duan piece right angle flection place not folds, mainly should design the shape and size of good flection semi-finished product, i

22、t designs a key to want the R of right angle be worth to as far as possible take of a little bigger, and make bent place of right angle R outline line at eventually Duan </p><p>　　Bent work preface of reason

23、able arrangement</p><p>　　For simple flection, namely a square upward of bent work preface, generally arrangement at crest Duan, eventually the Duan is previous, but for much more complicated to flection Dua

24、n piece, flection work preface of the reasonable arrangement is also very important, from forging equipments but speech, only have a perpendicular direction of sport, can arrange a square upward flection to take shape, i

25、n the research of this item, adopted much resolve toward the flection reasonable of technique measu</p><p>　　Four, the molding tool reasonable structure and design</p><p>　　In order to rubbing t

26、he pressure machine route of travel speed hammer to compare with mold Duan, is slow, the molding tool is had by dint better condition, it accepts shot noodles generally for the hammer last mold Duan 1/3 then.In the desig

27、n of this item, for prepare a Duan mold, eventually Duan mold, corrected a mold to all adopt to inset a piece of type molding tool structure, can a little bit significantly lower molding tool material, lower molding tool

28、 machine to process and expenses.In add</p><p>　　Complicated and curved stalk Duan piece the piece noodles differs a little bit greatly, generally need through make the Pi work treads, in order to making sem

29、i-finished product in Pi to cut noodles shape and size very difficult with Duan piece mutually fit together, past while preparing Duan usually appear surplus metal to flow to in addition to mold Tang, make prepare a Duan

30、 mold, the dozen without resort to, in the Duan mold accept shot noodles the formation flies a side, preparing of mold Dua</p><p>　　Five, conclusion</p><p>　　Adopt Gun Duan-rub the pressure mach

31、ine mold Duan compound craft to produce complicated curved stalk Duan of light sedan piece, its product size accuracy Gao, surface quality good, with mold Duan of traditional hammer the craft compares, can economize orig

32、inal material on the average above 15%, can consume to lower 60%, Duan piece the economic efficiency and social efficiency that can descend above 10% than the cost, have to show Zhao.</p><p>　　This craft pro

33、ject choice reasonable, production line stability credibility, the technological design method in this text and molding tool structure design as to it's it is complicated curved stalk Duan piece the technological des

34、ign have universal instruction meaning.</p><p>　　復(fù)雜彎軸壓力機(jī)模鍛復(fù)合鍛造工藝</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　針對(duì)輕轎車復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)工藝的諸多問(wèn)題及該類鍛件自身的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)，本文提出輥鍛—摩擦壓力機(jī)模鍛復(fù)合工藝方案，介紹有關(guān)輥鍛毛坯，彎曲毛坯，彎曲回彈，

35、彎曲工序的合理安排等工藝設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)及模具的合理結(jié)構(gòu)與設(shè)計(jì)。經(jīng)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)考核表明：本工藝方案先進(jìn)合理，生產(chǎn)過(guò)程穩(wěn)定可靠，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著。本文中的工藝設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)其它復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件有普遍參考意義。 關(guān)鍵詞：復(fù)雜彎軸鍛件 復(fù)合鍛造工藝 輕轎車 一、前言 復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件的最佳成形法一直是鍛造行業(yè)致力研究的問(wèn)題，前些年我國(guó)輕轎車生產(chǎn)數(shù)量不大，沒有形成規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)，故輕轎車復(fù)雜彎軸鍛件的生產(chǎn)主要以傳統(tǒng)的錘上模鍛工藝進(jìn)行小批量生產(chǎn)，有的廠家甚至

36、采用自由鍛—胎模鍛工藝，需幾火次才能鍛成。近年來(lái)，我國(guó)輕轎車生產(chǎn)迅速發(fā)展，生產(chǎn)批量越來(lái)越大，整機(jī)制造水平越來(lái)越高，對(duì)復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件而言，不僅形狀復(fù)雜，而且鍛件尺寸精度，表面質(zhì)量等方面的要求也更加嚴(yán)格，故探索輕轎車復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件的合理鍛造方法，顯得尤為重要。根據(jù)一汽輕轎車生產(chǎn)實(shí)際需求，在試驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，我們采用了輥鍛制坯—摩擦壓力機(jī)模鍛復(fù)合工藝替代傳統(tǒng)的錘上模鍛，生產(chǎn)了輕型車左轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)臂，奧迪轎車左、右下控</p><

37、p><b>　　圖1</b></p><p>　　針對(duì)現(xiàn)有鍛造工藝的諸多問(wèn)題及復(fù)雜彎軸類鍛件自身的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)，我們確定了輥鍛——摩擦壓力機(jī)模鍛復(fù)合鍛造工藝的方案，其工藝流程為：下料→中頻感應(yīng)加熱→輥鍛制坯→彎曲→鍛造→切邊→校正→鍛件質(zhì)量檢測(cè)。本工藝方案采用中頻感應(yīng)加熱不僅提高了鍛件表面質(zhì)量，穩(wěn)定了工藝過(guò)程，也可提高生產(chǎn)率，改善勞動(dòng)環(huán)境。多道次輥鍛制坯，可有效地解決復(fù)雜彎軸鍛件截面差大的

38、問(wèn)題，使制坯形狀更接近于這類鍛件展開后的直線形狀和尺寸，減少鍛件飛邊，節(jié)省原材料。由于摩擦壓力機(jī)具有模鍛錘和鍛壓機(jī)的雙重工作特性，在摩擦壓力機(jī)上進(jìn)行彎曲成形、預(yù)鍛、終鍛及校正成形，有利于穩(wěn)定工藝過(guò)程，保證鍛件質(zhì)量，同時(shí)也具有很高的生產(chǎn)率。 三、工藝設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) 1.輥鍛毛坯的設(shè)計(jì) 輥鍛毛坯設(shè)計(jì)是否合理對(duì)其后的彎曲，鍛造成形工序有很大影響，應(yīng)精確制坯，滿足工序間的合理匹配。除按一般的輥鍛毛坯設(shè)計(jì)原則外，要注意以下問(wèn)題：(1

39、)輥鍛毛坯過(guò)渡區(qū)段的斜度選取原則為在能滿足終鍛充滿型腔的情況下，斜度盡量取得大些，避免在大小頭過(guò)渡處形成較大飛邊。(2)由于采用輥鍛制坯、摩擦壓力機(jī)成形，在計(jì)算毛坯的橫截面積F＝Fｄ+2KFｆ時(shí)，飛邊槽充滿系數(shù)K取0.4～</p><p><b>　　圖2</b></p><p>　　由于金屬朝最小阻力方向流動(dòng)，則在直角彎曲處匯集，結(jié)果在鍛件本體及毛邊上形成折疊。為控

40、制鍛件直角彎曲處不出折疊，主要應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)好彎曲毛坯的形狀和尺寸，其設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵是要把直角處的R值盡量取的大些，并使直角彎曲處R的輪廓線在終鍛型槽外面，如圖3所示，雖然在鍛件終鍛過(guò)程中仍然產(chǎn)生折疊，但這時(shí)的折疊僅僅出現(xiàn)在毛邊上，而不是出現(xiàn)在鍛件本體上。實(shí)踐證明，只要彎曲毛坯設(shè)計(jì)合理，能與終鍛型槽很好的匹配，是完全可以克服直角彎曲處折疊問(wèn)題的。 </p><p><b>　　圖3</b></p&g

41、t;<p>　　4.彎曲工序的合理安排 對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單彎曲，即一個(gè)方向上的彎曲工序，一般安排在頂鍛、終鍛之前，但對(duì)于復(fù)雜多向彎曲鍛件，彎曲工序的合理安排也是很重要的，從鍛造設(shè)備本身而言，只有一個(gè)垂直方向的運(yùn)動(dòng)，只能安排一方向上的彎曲成形，在本項(xiàng)目的研究中，采取了把多向彎曲合理分解的技術(shù)措施。如奧迪轎車左、右下拉臂兩種鍛件、不僅形狀復(fù)雜，而且鍛件在兩個(gè)方向上有4種不同的彎曲角度。對(duì)此，我們?cè)谥贫üに嚂r(shí)，將一個(gè)方向上的彎

42、曲型槽開在預(yù)鍛模上，經(jīng)輥鍛制坯的毛坯先經(jīng)一向彎曲并預(yù)鍛，另一個(gè)方向上的三種不同形狀、不同角度的彎曲安排在終鍛工序即利用終鍛型槽完成彎曲和終鍛成形。再如2t輕型車左轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)壁臂(圖1)，也是兩個(gè)方向4種彎曲角度，并且落差較大，對(duì)此種鍛件經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真的工藝分析，采取了如下工藝方案，即在一臺(tái)摩擦壓力機(jī)上進(jìn)行水平方向的彎曲成形，然后在另一臺(tái)摩擦壓力機(jī)上終鍛成形，經(jīng)切邊后再在校正模上將垂直方向的曲形壓出來(lái)，這樣不僅使終鍛模和切邊模形狀簡(jiǎn)化，加工制造難度