散熱器畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

1、<p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)有關(guān)外文翻譯</p><p>　　院 系： 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院 </p><p>　　專 業(yè)： 11接本（2）班 </p><p>　　姓 名： </p><p>　　學(xué) 號： 104611252077 </p&g

2、t;<p>　　指導(dǎo)教師： </p><p>　　完成時(shí)間： 2013年 05 月1日 </p><p><b>　　1 緒論</b></p><p>　　1.1選題的背景及意義</p><p>　　隨著汽車發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速和功率的不斷提高，熱負(fù)荷也愈來愈大，對冷卻系統(tǒng)的要求也越來越高，人們對

3、包括散熱器在內(nèi)的冷卻系統(tǒng)的研究愈加重視，新技術(shù)、新材料不斷涌現(xiàn)。汽車鋁散熱器產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)勢體現(xiàn)在輕量化、可靠性高、價(jià)格低以及生產(chǎn)環(huán)保，整車廠采用鋁水箱替代原有銅水箱是汽車散熱器技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。目前，汽車散熱器正朝著輕型、高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)的方向發(fā)展，國內(nèi)乘用車產(chǎn)品90%以上采用的是鋁散熱器，在商用車上的使用近年也陸續(xù)采用并有擴(kuò)大的趨勢。</p><p>　　因此如何提高散熱器的傳熱效能是一個(gè)綜合性的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益問題，應(yīng)通過技

4、術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較后確定。在提高散熱器的散熱效率的情況下同時(shí)考慮降低散熱器的散熱阻力，合理選擇使用板片材質(zhì)和橡膠密封墊材質(zhì)，使用正確的安裝方法，才可保證設(shè)備安全運(yùn)行，延長設(shè)備的使用壽命。通過計(jì)算機(jī)的模擬，可以使管帶式熱器性能更為優(yōu)越，結(jié)構(gòu)更加合理，經(jīng)濟(jì)性更強(qiáng)。另一方面，現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技的快速發(fā)展和進(jìn)步也為管帶式散熱器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了強(qiáng)大的技術(shù)支持，所以管帶式散熱器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)對于現(xiàn)代諸多工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展有著深遠(yuǎn)的意義。</p><

5、p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　1.1 Background and Significance topics</p><p>　　Power continues to increase, more and more large heat load on the cooling system requirements are also increasing ,

6、 people including the radiator cooling system pay more attention to research , new technologies , new materials emerging. The advantages of automotive aluminum radiator products is reflected in the lightweight , high rel

7、iability , low prices and the production of environmentally friendly vehicle plant to replace the original copper- aluminum radiator auto radiator tank is the inevit</p><p>　　Therefore, how to improve the he

8、at transfer performance of the heat sink is a comprehensive economic issues , through technical and economic comparison OK. Improve the efficiency of the heat sink in the case of taking lower radiator cooling resistance

9、, a reasonable choice to use Plate material and rubber gasket material, using the correct installation method can ensure the safe operation of equipment , extend equipment life . Through computer simulation, you can heat

10、 the pipe band performance i</p><p>　　1.2車用散熱器的分類</p><p>　　能滿足某種規(guī)定工藝的要求使得熱量從熱流體到冷流體傳遞的裝置被稱為換熱器。換熱器的分類方法有很多，最基本的是按照工作原理來分：通?？煞譃榛?zé)崾健⒒旌鲜胶烷g壁式三大類。回?zé)崾綋Q熱器多用于空氣預(yù)熱。一般是將金屬和磚類物體做成流道，熱流體和冷流體交替地流過同一個(gè)通道，并盡量避免

11、混合。在混合式換熱器中全部流體均勻地處于同溫同壓下離開換熱器。這種換熱器雖然換熱效率高，但因兩種流體的相互混合，故其在應(yīng)用上受到一定的限制。間壁式換熱器中，高溫流體和低溫流體由壁面間隔分別位于壁面的兩側(cè)，熱量通過壁面進(jìn)行傳遞。</p><p>　　1.2 Classification of car radiator</p><p>　　To meet the requirements of

12、 a process that provides the heat from the hot fluid to the cold fluid transfer device is called the heat exchanger. Classification of heat exchangers there are many ways , the most basic working principle is based on po

13、ints : usually divided into a heat recovery , hybrid and partitioned three categories. Recuperative heat exchanger used for air preheating . Generally is made ??of metal and brick -like object flow channel , alternately

14、hot and cold fluids flow through </p><p>　　1.3 車用散熱器的性能評價(jià)</p><p>　　在符合各方面工況要求的前提下，人們?nèi)匀恍枰胶馍崞骷夹g(shù)上的先進(jìn)性和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的合理性，即所謂的散熱器性能評價(jià)問題，以便更好地確定和比較散熱器的完善程度。廣義地說，散熱器的性能含義很廣，有阻力性能、傳熱性能、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、機(jī)械性能等。用一個(gè)或多個(gè)指標(biāo)從一個(gè)方面或幾

15、個(gè)方面來評價(jià)換熱器的性能問題一直是專家長期以來所探索的問題，目前尚在研究改進(jìn)中。</p><p>　　1.3 Performance evaluation of car radiator</p><p>　　All aspects of working conditions in line with requirements under the premise that people st

16、ill need to balance the radiator technically advanced and economically reasonable, the so-called heat sink performance evaluation in order to better determine and compare the degree of perfection of the radiator . Broadl

17、y speaking , the performance implications of the radiator is very broad, there is resistance properties, heat transfer performance , economy and mechanical properties. With one or more ind</p><p>　　1.4 汽車散熱器

18、概述</p><p>　　汽車散熱器屬于間壁式換熱器，其中散熱水管一般為橢圓管或扁管，外側(cè)布置有多層翅片以強(qiáng)化與冷空氣側(cè)的傳熱。通常，汽車散熱器由主片、芯體、封條等零件通過釬焊工藝焊接而成，它的結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、輕巧、薄壁及傳熱強(qiáng)度高。根據(jù)芯體中翅片排列方式分，汽車散熱器主要分為管帶式和管片式兩種.</p><p>　　1.4 Overview of Auto Radiator</p>

19、<p>　　Auto Radiator belong recuperative heat exchanger , where heat pipes is generally oval tube or flat tubes, finned outer layers are arranged in order to strengthen the cold side of the heat transfer . Typicall

20、y , car radiator from the main piece , core body, seals and other parts welded together by brazing process , it is compact, lightweight , thin-walled and heat transfer and high strength. According to the core body fin ar

21、rangement points, automotive radiator divided into tube and tube sheet wi</p><p>　　2汽車散熱器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　2.1 散熱管</b></p><p>　　咬口焊接制造水管是在聯(lián)合制管機(jī)上能夠以7～10個(gè)工序滾壓成型，通過7~10組特殊的導(dǎo)

22、板和滾輪逐漸的彎曲成型，在成型的最后過程中，帶料差不多卷成圓形時(shí)，再繼續(xù)前行，帶料將碰到一個(gè)圓定不動的扁型斷面芯板,芯板斷面的形狀、尺寸和欲制造的管子內(nèi)部形狀相同，然后連續(xù)的進(jìn)行焊接，進(jìn)入釬焊爐，將咬口部位和外表面同時(shí)鍍錫，冷卻后，用幾組校直滾輪矯正端面形狀,扭曲度等,然后按所需的長度自動切斷。聯(lián)合制管機(jī)一般24~26m/s。</p><p><b>　　2. 2散熱帶</b></p&

23、gt;<p>　　散熱帶上開有擾動氣流的類似百葉窗的孔，以破壞流動空氣在散熱帶表面上的附著層，提高散熱能力。由波紋狀散熱帶和冷卻管相間排列經(jīng)焊接而成所組成的散熱器為管帶式散熱器。</p><p>　　2 car radiator design</p><p>　　2.1 heat pipe</p><p>　　Manufacture of pipes

24、welded seams in the United pipe machine capable of 7 to 10 roll forming process by 7 to 10 special set of guides and rollers gradually bending in the final molding process, almost rolled into a circular strip , and then

25、move on a circle with a given material will encounter immovable flat -section core , core cross-section shape, size and shape of the inside of the pipe for manufacturing the same , and a continuous welding , brazing furn

26、ace into , the seams at the same time p</p><p>　　2.2 Thermal Tape</p><p>　　Cooling air disturbance opened to bring the louver -like holes to destroy the flowing air to the heat adhesive layer on

27、 the belt surface , to improve heat dissipation . By the corrugated fins and cooling with alternating warp composed of welded pipe radiator with radiator .</p><p>　　2.3主片及上下水室</p><p>　　散熱器的主片及水室

28、的構(gòu)造均以工藝簡便，節(jié)約材料，易于釬焊和裝配，牢固可靠為前提。</p><p>　　主片中的水管孔的排列要完全符合散熱片中水管的排列和數(shù)量，散熱器上水室一般高60~100mm，容積應(yīng)該與水關(guān)的總?cè)莘e想適應(yīng)，并且要稍大于水管的總?cè)萘浚瑫r(shí)還要考慮發(fā)動機(jī)水套的容量和進(jìn)水管的尺寸，另外還要便于安裝其他的附件，如進(jìn)水管，加水口，內(nèi)部隔板等。</p><p>　　2.3 main piece upp

29、er and lower water chamber</p><p>　　The main piece and radiator water chamber structure are simple process , saving material , brazing and easy to assemble, solid and reliable as a precondition. The film&

30、#39;s main water pipe holes are arranged to be in full compliance with heatsink arrangement and number of pipes , radiators Sheung Shui chamber generally high 60 ~ 100mm, the volume should be related to the total volume

31、of water would adapt to , and slightly larger than the total capacity of water , but also consider the capacity o</p><p>　　2.4 左右側(cè)板及裝機(jī)架</p><p>　　散熱器的固定框架是將散熱器固定在汽車上必須的部件，包括左右側(cè)板，Ｕ型件，三角吊耳等。用來保證芯部剛

32、度，并在起撒謊能夠安裝有關(guān)零件。左右側(cè)板是直接焊接在水室上的，底部托住下水室，并一起外沿焊接在上下水室上，Ｕ型件和三角吊耳是用來安裝和固定散熱器總成。</p><p>　　2.4 left and right plates and installation frame</p><p>　　Radiator radiator fixed frame is to be fixed in the

33、 car components, including left and right side panels , U-shaped , triangle hanging ears and so on. Used to ensure that the core stiffness , and in the relevant parts can be installed from the lie . Left side is soldered

34、 directly to the water chamber on the bottom hold the water chamber and the outer edge welded together on the upper and lower water chamber , U-shaped pieces and triangular lug is used to install and secure the heat sink

35、 assembly</p><p><b>　　2.5散熱水管</b></p><p>　　大多數(shù)情況下，散熱器的進(jìn)出水管是由生鐵鑄造成的并以鉚釘，加強(qiáng)板和釬焊固定在水室上，為了增加強(qiáng)度，在很多散熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)上，水管是穿過水室的，并在它相對的兩壁上加焊。散熱器的進(jìn)出水管通常是焊接在水室上的。散熱器的上部加水口平時(shí)常用蓋嚴(yán)密封住的，以防冷卻水濺出。但如果冷卻水中水蒸汽過多

36、，將使冷卻系內(nèi)壓力過大，可能導(dǎo)致散熱器破裂。因此，必須在加水口處設(shè)置排除水蒸氣的通道－泄氣軟管。</p><p>　　2.5 Cooling water</p><p>　　In most cases, the radiator inlet and outlet pipe is caused by the Health and cast-iron rivets, reinforcing p

37、late and brazing fixed on the water chamber , in order to increase the strength of the structure in many radiator , plumbing is through the water chamber and in its two opposite walls plus welding . Radiator inlet and ou

38、tlet pipe is usually soldered on the water chamber . The upper part of the radiator filler neck usually used cap tightly sealed to prevent the cooling water spill. However</p><p>　　3 管帶式散熱管傳熱過程的理論分析</p>

39、;<p>　　散熱管的傳熱過程的分析，主要主要進(jìn)行的分析計(jì)算如下，包括管帶式散熱管的傳熱計(jì)算；散熱面積的計(jì)算；當(dāng)量直徑的計(jì)算；對數(shù)平均溫差△t m；傳熱系數(shù)K；水側(cè)換熱系數(shù)hi</p><p>　　3 cooling tube with theoretical analysis of heat transfer process</p><p>　　Heat pipe heat

40、 transfer analysis of the process , mainly for the analysis of the main calculated as follows , including the tube -type heat pipe with heat transfer calculation ; cooling area calculations ; equivalent diameter is calcu

41、lated ; logarithmic mean temperature difference △ tm; heat transfer coefficient K; water side heat transfer coefficient hi</p><p>　　4提高散熱器散熱性能的有效途徑</p><p>　　根據(jù)傳熱方程式可以看出來，要增加熱量，無論是增加，還是，都能起到一定的效果

42、。工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中大都從這些方面考慮強(qiáng)化散熱器的傳熱。所以提高散熱器的散熱性能的途徑有：改善傳熱系數(shù)K；增加對數(shù)平均溫差；擴(kuò)大傳熱面積F；減少散熱器重量</p><p>　　4 radiator cooling performance improve effective way</p><p>　　According to the heat transfer equation can

43、be seen to increase the heat , whether it is increased , or , can play a certain effect . Industrial design and production practice mostly from these considerations strengthen the radiator heat . Therefore, to improve th

44、e performance of the heat sink through: improving the heat transfer coefficient K; increase the logarithmic mean temperature difference ; enlarged heat transfer area F; reduce heat sink weight</p><p>　　5 管帶數(shù)

45、學(xué)模型的建立</p><p>　　人們在設(shè)計(jì)散熱器時(shí)所追求的目標(biāo)是：根據(jù)冷卻系統(tǒng)的要求，在給定空間容積的條件下求得最大的散熱量，同時(shí)又獲得盡量小的壓降；或者是在Q和P值一定的前提下，使散熱器所消耗的材料最省。因此，這是一個(gè)多目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化問題。</p><p>　　優(yōu)化問題的三個(gè)條件主要是優(yōu)化變量的選取，約束條件設(shè)定，目標(biāo)函數(shù)的設(shè)置。</p><p>　　5 with

46、a mathematical model</p><p>　　People in the design of the radiator when the goal is: According to the requirements of the cooling system in a given volume of space obtained under the conditions of the maximu

47、m amount of heat while to get as small pressure drop ; or Q and P values ??in certain under the premise of the radiator materials consumed most provinces . Therefore, this is a multi-objective optimization problem .The t

48、hree main criteria optimization problem is to optimize the selection of variables , constraints set , t</p><p>　　6 基于MATLAB優(yōu)化工具箱實(shí)現(xiàn)散熱管數(shù)學(xué)模型的求解</p><p>　　Matlab軟件的優(yōu)點(diǎn)包含：</p><p>　　1、友好的工作

49、平臺和編程環(huán)境。</p><p>　　2、簡單易用的編程語言</p><p>　　3、強(qiáng)大的科學(xué)計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)處理能力</p><p>　　4、出色的圖形處理功能</p><p>　　5、應(yīng)用廣泛的模塊集合工具箱</p><p>　　優(yōu)化方法的設(shè)定。優(yōu)化方法是利用MATLAB的優(yōu)化工具箱，可以求解線性規(guī)劃、非線性規(guī)劃和多目標(biāo)

50、規(guī)劃問題。具體而言，包括線性、非線性最小化、最大最小化、二次規(guī)劃、線性與非線性的最小二乘解等問題。另外，該工具箱還提供了線性、非線性最小化，方程求解，曲線擬合，二次規(guī)劃等問題中大型課題的求解方法，為優(yōu)化方法在工程中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了更方便、快捷的途徑。</p><p>　　優(yōu)化的散熱器屬于非線性多變量約束優(yōu)化問題，在MATLAB中，采用Fmincon優(yōu)化工具箱中的“Active Set”算法。</p>

51、<p>　　計(jì)算的結(jié)果表明，采用優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)具有以下有點(diǎn)：</p><p>　　(1)大大節(jié)省了設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間，提高了工作效率；工廠設(shè)計(jì)一臺散熱器往往是先憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，制出樣機(jī)，然后用試驗(yàn)方法驗(yàn)證樣機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性(若試驗(yàn)結(jié)果不理想，再重新修改設(shè)計(jì)方案)。</p><p>　　(2)散熱面積與原方案相比，優(yōu)化方案可增加1.6%-1.72%。壓降特性與原方案相比，優(yōu)化方案減少6.38%-6.5

52、%。單個(gè)散熱管的質(zhì)量相比，優(yōu)化方案減少1.52%-1.55%。</p><p>　　6 Based on MATLAB Optimization Toolbox to achieve mathematical models for solving the heat pipe</p><p>　　Matlab software advantages include :</p>

53、<p>　　1 , friendly platform and programming environment.</p><p>　　2 , easy to use programming language</p><p>　　3 , a powerful data processing capabilities scientific computing</p>&

54、lt;p>　　4 , excellent graphics capabilities</p><p>　　5 , widely used collection of modules Toolbox</p><p>　　Setting optimization method .optimization method is to use MATLAB optimization toolb

55、ox, you can solve linear programming, nonlinear programming and multi- objective programming . Specifically, including linear , nonlinear minimize, minimize, maximize , quadratic programming , linear and non-linear least

56、 squares solution of other issues. In addition, the toolkit also provides a linear , nonlinear minimization , equation solving , curve fitting , quadratic programming problems in the method for so</p><p>　　O

57、ptimized non-linear multi-variable radiator constrained optimization problems, in MATLAB , using Fmincon optimization toolbox "Active Set" algorithms.</p><p>　　Calculation results show that the opt

58、imal design has the following advantages:</p><p>　　( 1 ) significant savings in design time , improve work efficiency ; factory to design a heat sink design is often the first rule of thumb , a system protot

59、ype, and then with the test method to verify the reasonableness of the prototype design ( if the test results are not satisfactory, and then re- modify the design ) .</p><p>　　( 2 ) cooling area with the ori

60、ginal schemes, optimization program to increase 1.6% -1.72% . Pressure drop characteristics compared with the original plan and optimize programs to reduce the 6.38% -6.5 % . Compared to a single heat pipe quality , opti

61、mizing programs to reduce the 1.52% -1.55 % .</p><p><b>　　總結(jié)</b></p><p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中最重要的一門科目，它要求我們把大學(xué)里學(xué)到的所有知識系統(tǒng)的聯(lián)系起來，進(jìn)行理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的總體考慮。同時(shí)也培養(yǎng)了自學(xué)與創(chuàng)新能力。因此本次設(shè)計(jì)綜合性和實(shí)踐性強(qiáng)、涉及知識面廣。所以在設(shè)計(jì)中既了解了基本概念、

62、基本理論，又注意了生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐的需要，將各種理論與生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，來完成本次設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p>　　我選擇的車用散熱器的優(yōu)化與設(shè)計(jì)的課題，主要介紹了汽車散熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)特性和功能特性，理論論述了散熱器的傳熱過程和壓降特性，提高散熱器性能的有效途徑和散熱器優(yōu)化方法的選擇。在計(jì)算機(jī)中建立數(shù)學(xué)模型的方法來研究散熱器的特性，將會對散熱器的性能測試、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、產(chǎn)品選型以及新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)等起到指導(dǎo)或輔助作用，從而可避免常規(guī)試驗(yàn)分析

63、方法周期長和費(fèi)用高的問題。</p><p>　　運(yùn)用工程軟件MATLAB優(yōu)化工具箱，不僅算法可靠，而且無需大量的編程程序，大大減少了計(jì)算工作量，提高了工作效率，是一種行之有效的工作方法。可以既提高了工作效率，又避免了資源浪費(fèi)。</p><p><b>　　Summary</b></p><p>　　University graduation d

64、esign is the most important one subject , which requires us to all the knowledge learned in university systems linking theory with practice for general considerations . But also cultivate self-learning and innovation. Th

65、erefore, this design comprehensive and practical and involves extensive knowledge . Therefore, in the design of both the understanding of the basic concepts and theories , but also pay attention to the needs of the produ

66、ction practice , the various theories</p><p>　　I chose the car radiator optimization and design issues , mainly on the structural characteristics of automobile radiators and functional characteristics , the

67、theory discusses the radiator heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of an effective way to improve the performance of the radiator and cooling optimization method of choice . A mathematical model in the compute

68、r methods to study the characteristics of the radiator , the radiator will be on performance testing , structural optimi</p><p>　　The use of engineering software MATLAB optimization toolbox , not only algori

69、thms and reliable, and without a lot of programming procedures , greatly reducing the computational workload, improve work efficiency, is an effective way of working. Can only improve the work efficiency, but also to avo

70、id the waste of resources .</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p>　　[1]楊友麟，曾廣安.我國化工節(jié)能潛力與對策.大連:全國第七屆熱力學(xué)分析</p><p>　　與節(jié)能學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告會論文【R].1994.8</p><p>　　[2]弗拉克·P·英克魯

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72、琴.管帶式散熱器優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例[D]：吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，1998</p><p>　　[6]鐘昌雄.多區(qū)域開窗翅片平行流冷凝器熱力性能研究[J]：浙江大學(xué)碩士</p><p><b>　　論文，2008</b></p><p>　　[7]劉亞磊.基于Matlab 優(yōu)化工具箱的機(jī)械優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[J]：長江大學(xué)，2006</p><p&g

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