2000年考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀真題解析

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1、　　2000年考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀真題解析　　Section I Structure and Vocabulary　　Part A　　Directions:　　Beneath each of the following s

2、entences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5

3、points)　　Example:　　I have been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1979.　　[A] from　　[B

4、] after　　[C] for　　[D] since　　The sentence should read, "I have been to the Great Wall three times since

5、1979." Therefore, you should choose [D]　　Sample Answer　　[A] [B] [C] [D]　　1. As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ________ from yo

6、u now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.　　[A] hearing　　[B] to hear　　[C] to be hearing　　[D] having heard<p

7、>　　2. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ________ to find it locked.　　[A] just　　[B] only

8、;　　[C] hence　　[D] thus　　3. Doctors see a connection between increase amounts of leisure time spent ________ and the increased number of case

9、s of skin cancer.　　[A] to sunbathe　　[B] to have sunbathed　　[C] having sunbathed　　[D] sunbathing　　4. Unless you sign

10、 a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled ________ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.　　[A] to　　[B] with&

11、lt;/b>　　[C] for　　[D] on　　5. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ________ I noticed a young man holdin

12、g up a sign reading "Boston".　　[A] which　　[B] where　　[C] when

13、;　　[D] that　　6. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ________ out of the office.　　[A] went　　[

14、B] gone　　[C] to go　　[D] would go　　7. The roles expected ________ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfa

15、ctions for normal happiness.　　[A] of　　[B] on　　[C] to　　[D] with</b&g

16、t;　　8. Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ________ you'll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.<p&

17、gt;　　[A] or　　[B] and　　[C] for　　[D] so　　9. It wasn't so m

18、uch that I disliked her ________ that I just wasn't interested in the whole business.　　[A] rather　　[B] so　　[C] than

19、　　[D] as　　10. Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone ________ one.</p&

20、gt;　　[A] getting　　[B] to get　　[C] gotten　　[D] get　　Part B　　Directi

21、ons:　　Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening

22、 the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)　　Example:　　A number of [A] foreign visitors were taken [B] to the industrial exhibition, wh

23、ich [C] they saw [D] many new products.　　Answer [C] is wrong. The sentence should read, "A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition, where they saw many new products.&q

24、uot; So you should choose [C].　　Sample Answer　　[A] [B] [C] [D]　　11. Having isolatedA on a remote island, withB little work to occupyC them, the soldiers suff

25、ered from boredom and low spiritsD.　　12. If the letter to be mailedA was placedB on the writing table an hour ago, it isC certain beingD there now.　　13. The rulingA party could e

26、ven lose itsB majority in the lower house of parliament, startedC a period of prolonged strugglingD.　　14. The mechanisms atA work are manifestB in the tendency for such physical activity toC utilize

27、the potentialD harmful constituents of the stress response.　　15. InA the long run, however, this hurry to shedB full-time staff may be moreC harmful to industry as it is toD the workforce.

28、　　16. See to itA that you include inB the examination paper whateverC questions they didn't know the answerD last time.　　17. Most newspapers, while devotingA the major part of itsB spac

29、e to recent events, usually manage to find roomC on the inside pages for articles onD some interesting topics.　　18. One sign by whichA you are making progress in an artB such as painting or photograp

30、hy is thatC you begin to realize how much there isD to learn.　　19. The ideal listener stays both inside and outsideA the music at the moment it is played and enjoyingB it almost as much asC the compo

31、ser at the moment he composesD.　　20. ContinuedA exposure to stress has been linked to worsenedB functioning of the immune system, leavingC a person more liable forD infection.<

32、;b>　　Part C　　Directions:　　Beneath each of the following sentences, there four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

33、Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)　　Example:　　The lost car of the Lees was fo

34、und ________ in the woods off the highway.　　[A] vanished　　[B] scattered　　[C] abandoned　　[D] rejected　　The sentence

35、should read, "The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway." Therefore, you should choose [C].　　Sample Answer　　[A] [B] [C][D]&l

36、t;p>　　21. He spoke so ________ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.　　[A] bluntly　　[B] convincingly　　[C] emphatically<p&g

37、t;　　[D] determinedly　　22. France's ________ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.　　[A] assumption

38、　　[B] consumption　　[C] presumption　　[D] resumption　　23. The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ________ an outburst of int

39、erest.　　[A] flared　　[B] glittered　　[C] sparked　　[D] flashed　　24. His efforts to bring about a reconciliation betwee

40、n the two Parties ________.　　[A] came off　　[B] came on　　[C] came round　　[D] came down　　25. The system was redesigne

41、d to embrace the network and eventually ________ it in a profitable direction.　　[A] adapt　　[B] control　　[C] install&l

42、t;b>　　[D] steer　　26. The capital intended to broaden the export base and ________ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.<

43、/p>　　[A] secure　　[B] extend　　[C] defend　　[D] possess　　27. It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ________

44、 at the manager's office.　　[A] declared　　[B] obtained　　[C] reclaimed　　[D] recognized　　28. When I ________ my se

45、nses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.　　[A] woke up　　[B] took to　　[C] picked up　　[D] ca

46、me to　　29. The American society is ________ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.　　[A] establi

47、shed on　　[B] affiliated to　　[C] originated from　　[D] incorporated with　　30. I am not ________ with my roommate but I have to share the r

48、oom with her, because I have nowhere else to live.　　[A] concerned　　[B] compatible　　[C] considerate　　[D] complied　　3

49、1. At first, the ________ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.　　[A] transaction　　[B]

50、 transmission　　[C] transformation　　[D] transition　　32. When the committee ________ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.　　[A

51、] got down　　[B] set about　　[C] went off　　[D] came up　　33. ________ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of t

52、he continent are still covered with thick forests.　　[A] Orientation　　[B] Access　　[C] Procession　　[D] Voyage　　34. Mr

53、. Smith had an unusual ________: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.　　[A] profession　　[B] occupation　　[C] position

54、　　[D] career　　35. The mayor is a woman with great ________ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.　　[A] intention　　[

55、B] instinct　　[C] integrity　　[D] intensity　　36. The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest ________ to everyone.<p&g

56、t;　　[A] speculation　　[B] attribution　　[C] utilization　　[D] proposition　　37. The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on so

57、me high cliffs ________ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.　　[A] renders　　[B] reckons　　[C] regards　　[D] relates&

58、lt;/p>　　38. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ________, and display interest in the job.　　[A] swift　　[B] instant

59、;　　[C] timely　　[D] punctual　　39. You don't have to install this radio in your new car, it's an ________ extra.　　[A] excessive&

60、lt;p>　　[B] optional　　[C] additional　　[D] arbitrary　　40. We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't ________ to the traffic jam of

61、the busy city.　　[A] aid　　[B] amount　　[C] add　　[D] attribute　　Section II Cloze

62、 Test　　Directions:　　For each numbered blank in following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1

63、by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)　　If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must st

64、ore a large quantity of grain __41__ consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family __42__ he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an

65、insurance __43__ the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to __44__ old agricultural implements and obtain chemical f　　41. [A] other than<

66、;p>　　[B] as well as　　[C] instead of　　[D] more than　　42. [A] only if　　[B] much as　　[C] long before<

67、;p>　　[D] ever since　　43. [A] for　　[B] against　　[C] of　　[D] towards　　44. [A] replace

68、　　[B] purchase　　[C] supplement　　[D] dispose　　45. [A] enhance　　[B] mix　　[C] f

69、eed　　[D] raise　　46. [A] vessels　　[B] routes　　[C] paths　　[D] channel

70、s　　47. [A] self-confident　　[B] self-sufficient　　[C] self-satisfied　　[D] self-restrained　　48. [A] search

71、　　[B] save　　[C] offer　　[D] seek　　49. [A] proportion　　[B] percentage<

72、;/p>　　[C] rate　　[D] ratio　　50. [A] genuinely　　[B] obviously　　[C] presumably

73、;　　[D] frequently　　Section III Reading Comprehension　　Directions:　　Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question the

74、re are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the bra

75、ckets with a pencil. (40 points)　　Text 1　　A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a drivin

76、g force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its

77、 scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economie　　It was inevitable that this pr

78、imacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competit

79、iveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zeni

80、th was bought by South Korea's　　All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and

81、 that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled wit

82、h warnings about the growing competition from overseas.　　How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans

83、attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. "American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has le

84、arnt to be more quick-witted," according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. "It makes me proud to b　　51. The U.S. achieved its predominance a

85、fter World War II because ________.　　[A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal　　[B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before　　[C] t

86、he war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors　　[D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy　　52. The loss of U.S. predominanc

87、e in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American ________.　　[A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market　　[B] semiconductor industry had be

88、en taken over by foreign enterprises　　[C] machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions　　[D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market

89、　53. What can be inferred from the passage?　　[A] It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.　　[B] Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.<

90、/p>　　[C] The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.　　[D] A long history of success may pave the way for further development.　　54. The author s

91、eems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the ________.　　[A] turning of the business cycle　　[B] restructuring of industry<p

92、>　　[C] improved business management　　[D] success in education　　Text 2　　Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males

93、 born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy

94、babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural se<

95、/p>　　There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children

96、. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advant

97、age of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers we　　For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physic

98、al change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the pass 100,000 years -- even the pass 100 years -- our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and soc

99、iety did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they "look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholl　　55. What used to be the danger

100、 in being a man according to the first paragraph?　　[A] A lack of mates.　　[B] A fierce competition.　　[C] A lower survival rate.　　[D] A de

101、fective gene.　　56. What does the example of India illustrate?　　[A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.　　[B] Natural selection hardly

102、 works among the rich and the poor.　　[C] The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes.　　[D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.</p

103、>　　57. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because ________.　　[A] life has been improved by technological advance　　[B] the number of female babi

104、es has been declining　　[C] our species has reached the highest stage of evolution　　[D] the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing　　58. Which o

105、f the following would be the best title for the passage?　　[A] Sex Ration Changes in Human Evolution　　[B] Ways of Continuing Man's Evolution　　[C] The Evol

106、utionary Future of Nature　　[D] Human Evolution Going Nowhere　　Text 3　　When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisabl

107、e to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetr

108、y, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be -- even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right -- it can hardly be classed as Literature.　　This, in

109、brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions

110、 have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large

111、 stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or　　Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes

112、a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river -- and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: "Pluff!

113、 Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."　　This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refus

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