2012年12月英語六級閱讀真題及解析

1、12012年12月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aallthejoblossesthere’sonecategyofwkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeengoodf:nonhumans.Fromselfservicecheckoutlinesatthesupermarkettoind

2、ustrialrobotsarmedwithsawstaughttocarveupanimalbodiesinslaughterhousestheseevermeintelligentmachinesarenownotjustassistingwkersbutactuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.Automationisn’tjustaffectingfactywkerseither.Somelawfirm

3、snowuseartificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanreadmountainsoflegaldocumentswkthatpreviouslywasperfmedbyhighlypaidhumanlawyers.“Robotscontinuetohaveanimpactonbluecollarjobswhitecollarjobsareunderattackbymicroprocesss”sayseco

4、nomicsprofessEdwardLeamer.Therecessionpermanentlywipedout2.5millionjobs.U.S.grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbacktoprerecessionlevelsmeaningwe’reproducingasmuchasbefeonlywith6%fewerwkers.Tobesureroboticsarenottheonlyjobkill

5、ersouttherewithoutsourcing(外包)stealingfarmejobsthanautomation.JeffBurnsteinpresidentoftheRoboticsIndustryAssociationarguesthatrobotsactuallysaveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthatembraceautomationmightusefewerwkersbutthat’ss

6、tillbetterthanfiringeveryonemovingthewkoverseas.It’snotthatrobotsarecheaperthanhumansthoughoftentheyare.It’sthatthey’rebetter.“Insomecasesthequalityrequirementsaresoexactingthatevenifyouwantedtohaveahumandothejobyoucould

7、n’t”Burnsteinsays.Samegoesfsurgeonswho’reusingroboticsystemstoperfmanevergrowinglistofoperations—notbecausethemachinessavemoneybutbecausethankstothegreaterprecisionofrobotsthepatientsrecoverinlesstimehavefewercomplicatio

8、nssaysDr.MyriamCuret.SurgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasionbutothersatthehospitalmightnotbesoluckyasiRobotmakeroftheRoombaarobotvacuumcleanerhasbeenshowingoffAvawhichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospital.onceyou’rehomerecoverin

9、gAvacouldletyoutalktoyourdoctsothere’snoneedtosendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobiletelepresence”couldbeusefulattheoffice.Ifyou’reawayona3getstoBeijing:theChineseneedtoconsumemetheyneed—believeitnot—tobecomemelikeAmericansft

10、hesakeoftheglobaleconomy.it’salltrue.ButtheothersideofthatequationisthattheU.S.needstosaveme.FthemomentAmericanhouseholdsactuallyaredoingso.Afterthepersonalsavingsratedippedtozeroin2005theshockoftheeconomiccrisislastyear

11、promptedpeopletosnapshuttheirwallets.InChinathehouseholdsavingsrateexceeds20%.Itispartlyfpolicyreasons.Aswe’veseenwageearnersareexpectedtocarefnotonlytheirchildrenbuttheiragingparents.thereistodateonlytheflimsiest(脆弱的)of

12、publiclyfundedhealthcarepensionsystemswhichincreasesincentivesfindividualstosavewhiletheyarewking.ButChinaisasocietythathaslongesteemedpersonalfinancialprudence(謹(jǐn)慎).Thereisnochancethatwillchangeanytimesoonevenifthegovern

13、mentcreatesabettersocialsafetysuccessfullyencouragesgreaterconsumerspending.WhydoestheU.S.needtolearnalittlefrugality(節(jié)儉)？Becausehealthysavingsratesareoneofthesurestindicatsofacountry’slongtermfinancialhealth.Highsavings

14、leadovertimetoincreasedinvestmentwhichinturngeneratesproductivitygainsinnovationjobgrowth.Inshtsavingsaretheseedcnofagoodeconomicharvest.TheU.S.governmentthusneedstoactaswell.Byrunningconstantdeficitsitisdissavingevenash

15、ouseholdssaveme.PeterszagObama’sBudgetDirectrecentlycalledtheU.S.budgetdeficitsunsustainablehe’sright.TodatetheU.S.hasseemedunabletoseetheconsequencesofspendingsomuchmethanistakenin.Thatneedstochange.thoughHuJintaotheres

16、toftheChineseleadershiparen’tinclinedtolecturevisitingPresidentshemightgentlyhintthatBeijingisgettingalittlenervousaboutthevalueofthedollar—whichhasfallen15%sinceMarchinlargepartbecauseofincreasingfearsthatAmerica’sdebtl

17、oadisbecomingunmanageable.That’swhathappenswhenyou’rethewld’sbiggestcredit:yougettohintslikethatwhichwouldbeenoughbythemselvestocreateinternationaleconomicchaosiftheywereeverleaked.(EverytimeanyofficialinBeijingdeliberat