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1、Comment[k1]:嚴懲不貸，打擊Comment[k2]:遵守，旅行CrackingdownontheOcean’sPirateFishermenTheoceansarebeingemptiedoffish.AfthcomingUnitedNationsreptlaysoutthestarknumbers:onlyaround25%ofcommercialstocksareinahealthyevenreasonablyhealth
2、ystate.Some30%offishstocksareconsideredcollapsed90%oflargepredatyfishlikethebluefintunasoprizedbysushiaficionadoshavedisappearedsincethedleofthe20thcentury.Methan60%ofassessedfishstocksareinneedofrebuildingsomeresearcher
3、sestimatethatifcurrenttrendsholdvirtuallyallcommercialfisherieswillhavecollapsedbycentury.“Fisheriesacrossthewldarebeingplunderedexploitedatunsustainablerates”saidAchimSteinertheexecutivedirectoftheUnitedNationsEnvironme
4、ntProgramme.InsomerespectsSteinercouldhavestoppedat“plundered”becauseasmuchdamageasthelegalcommercialfishingtradehaswroughtontheoceansit’stheillegaltradethatcouldspelltheirdoom.Legalfishermentheeverydayfarmersoftheseasha
5、velicensestheymustprotectlawstheymustobey.Butillegalfishingoftendoneonthehighseaswhereregulationsarelaxcatchlimitscanbeexceededwithimpunityinthecoastalwatersofdevelopingnationswhichlacktheabilitytofightbackabidesbyruleso
6、fitsown.Nowateamledbyfanythingfrom11to26milliontonsoffishayearaboutonefifthofthereptedlegalcatchcan’talsobebroughtundercontrol.Stepsinthatdirectionhavebeentaken.InNovember2009theU.N.FoodAgricultureganization(FAO)adoptedt
7、hePtStateMeasurementAgreement(PSMA)whichrequirescountriestoclosetheirptstoshipsinvolvedinillegalunregulatedfishing.Theideaissimple:ifillegalboatsaredeniedptswheretheycanselltheircatchrefuelblackmarketfishingshoulddryup.T
8、heeffectivenessofthePSMAiswhatFlothmanhiscolleaguesinvestigatedintheirpapercrunchingdataonptvisitsbyboatsbetween20042009thathadbeenlistedaspossiblyinvolvedinillegalfishingthathadbeentargetedfsanctions.Whattheyfounddidnot
9、impressthem.Thepts’recdswereinwoefulshapetrackingthemovementofonlyonethirdofthoseboatsduringthesixyearresearchperiod.Thevesselsfrequentlychangedtheirnamestoeluderegulatseveniftheywerecaughtptstatesenactedsanctionsonlyabo
10、utoneoutofeveryfourtimes.Onthoseoccasionsthatptsinoneregiondidcrackdowninanysystematicwaytheboatsjustmovedtoanotherregionaphenomenonknownasleakage.“Thisillustratesthatifptmeasuresremainregionaltheproblemwillshiftelsewher
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