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1、GothicGothicfictionfictionsometimesreferredtoasGothicGothichrhrisagenreofliteraturethatcombineselementsofbothhrromance.AsagenreitisgenerallybelievedtohavebeeninventedbytheEnglishauthHaceWalpolewithhis1764novelTheCastleof

2、Otranto.TheeffectofGothicfictionfeedsonapleasingstofterranextensionofRomanticliterarypleasuresthatwererelativelynewatthetimeofWalpolesnovel.Melodramaparody(includingselfparody)wereotherlongstingfeaturesoftheGothicinitiat

3、edbyWalpole.GothicliteratureisintimatelyassociatedwiththeGothicRevivalarchitectureofthesameera.InawaysimilartothegothicrevivalistsrejectionoftheclarityrationalismoftheneoclassicalstyleoftheEnlightenedEstablishmentthelite

4、raryGothicembodiesanappreciationofthejoysofextremeemotionthethrillsoffearfulnessaweinherentinthesublimeaquestfatmosphere.Theruinsofgothicbuildingsgaverisetomultiplelinkedemotionsbyrepresentingtheinevitabledecaycollapseof

5、humancreations—thustheurgetoaddfakeruinsaseyecatchersinEnglishlscapeparks.EnglishGothicwritersoftenassociatedmedievalbuildingswithwhattheysawasadarkterrifyingperiodacterizedbyharshlawsenfcedbytturewithmysteriousfantastic

6、superstitiousrituals.InliteraturesuchAntiCatholicismhadaEuropeandimensionfeaturingRomanCatholicexcessessuchastheInquisition(insouthernEuropeancountriessuchasItalySpain).ProminentfeaturesofGothicfictionincludeterr(bothpsy

7、chologicalphysical)mysterythesupernaturalghostshauntedhousesGothicarchitecturecastlesdarknessdeathdecaydoublesmadnesssecretshereditarycurses.ThestockactersofGothicfictionincludetyrantsvillainsbitsmaniacsByronicheroespers

8、ecutedmaidensfemmesfatalesmonksnunsmadwomenmagiciansvampireswerewolvesmonstersdemonsdragonsangelsfallenangelsrevenantsghostsperambulatingskeletonstheWeringJewtheDevilhimself.ContentsContents[hide]AnotherexampleofGothicpa

9、rodyinasimilarveinisTheHeroinebyEatonStannardBarrett(1813).CherryWilkinsonafatuousfemaleprotagonistwithahistyofnovelreadingfanciesherselfastheheroineofaGothicromance.Sheperceivesmodelsrealityaccdingtothestereotypestypica

10、lplotstructuresoftheGothicnovelleadingtoaseriesofabsurdeventsculminatingincatastrophe.AfterherdownfallheraffectationsexcessiveimaginationsbecomeeventuallysubduedbythevoiceofreasoninthefmofStuartapaternalfigureunderwhoseg

11、uidancetheprotagonistreceivesasoundeducationcrectionofhermisguidedtaste(Skarda1986).[editedit]TheTheFemaleFemaleGothicGothicacterizedbyitscastlesdungeonsgloomyfestshiddenpassagesfromtheGothicnovelgenreemergedtheFemaleGot

12、hic.GuidedbythewksofauthssuchasAnnRadcliffeMaryShelleylotteBronttheFemaleGothicpermittedtheintroductionoffemininesocietalsexualdesiresintoGothictexts.TheMedievalsocietyinwhichGothictextsarebasedgrantedwomenwriterstheoppt

13、unitytoattribute“featuresofthemode[ofGothicism]astheresultofthesuppressionoffemalesexualityelseasachallengetothegenderhierarchyvaluesofamaledominatedculture.”[1]SignificantlywiththedevelopmentoftheFemaleGothiccamethelite

14、rarytechniqueoftheappropriatelycoinedtermSupernaturalExplained.TheSupernaturalExplainedisarecurringplotdeviceinRadcliffe’sTheRomanceoftheFest.Thenovelpublishedin1791isamongRadcliffe’searlierwks.Thenovelsetsupsuspensefhri

15、ficeventswhichallhavenaturalexplanations.AnEighteenthCenturyresponsetothenovelfromtheMonthlyReviewreads:“Wemusthearnomeofenchantedfestscastlesgiantsdragonswallsoffireother‘monstrousprodigiousthings’–yetstillfestscastlesr

16、emainitisstillwithintheprovinceoffictionwithoutoversteppingthelimitsofnaturetomakeuseofthemfthepurposeofcreatingsurprise.”[2]Radcliffe’suseofSupernaturalExplainedisacteristicoftheGothicauth.Thefemaleprotagonistspursuedin

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