2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、Designation:D5587?15StardTestMethodfTearingStrengthofFabricsbyTrapezoidProcedure1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD5587thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptioninthecaseofrevisio

2、ntheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofthetearingstrengthoftextilef

3、abricsbythetrapezoidprocedureusingarecdingconstantrateofextensiontype(CRE)tensiletestingmachine.1.1.1TheCREtypetensiletestingmachinehasbecomethepreferredtestapparatusfdeterminingtrapezoidtearingstrength.Itisrecognizedtha

4、tsomeconstantrateoftraversetype(CRT)tensiletestingmachinescontinuetobeused.Consequentlythesetestinstrumentsmaybeusedwhenagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserthesupplier.TheconditionsfuseoftheCRTtypetensiletesterareincludedinAppe

5、ndixX1.1.2Thistestmethodappliestomostfabricsincludingwovenfabricsairbagfabricsblanketsnappedfabricsknittedfabricslayeredfabricspilenonwovenfabrics.Thefabricsmaybeuntreatedheavilysizedcoatedresintreatedotherwisetreated.In

6、structionsareprovidedftestingspecimenswithwithoutwetting.1.3Tearingstrengthasmeasuredinthistestmethodrequiresthatthetearbeinitiatedbefetesting.Thereptedvalueobtainedisnotdirectlyrelatedtothefcerequiredtoinitiatestartatea

7、r.1.4Twocalculationsftrapezoidtearingstrengthareprovided:thesinglepeakfcetheaverageoffivehighestpeakfces.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestard.Thevaluesstatedininchpoundunitsmaybeapproximate.1.6Thisstarddo

8、esnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticesdeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatylimitationspritouse.2.ReferencedDo

9、cuments2.1ASTMStards:2D76SpecificationfTensileTestingMachinesfTextilesD123TerminologyRelatingtoTextilesD629TestMethodsfQuantitativeAnalysisofTextilesD1776PracticefConditioningTestingTextilesD2904PracticefInterlabatyTesti

10、ngofaTextileTestMethodthatProducesNmallyDistributedData(Withdrawn2008)3D2906PracticefStatementsonPrecisionBiasfTextiles(Withdrawn2008)3D4850TerminologyRelatingtoFabricsFabricTestMethods3.Terminology3.1Fallterminologyrela

11、tingtoD13.59FabricTestmethodsGeneralrefertoTerminologyD4850.3.1.1Thefollowingtermsarerelevanttothisstard:fabricintextilespeakfceinteartestingoffabricstearingfceinfabrictearingstrengthinfabricsyarndisttion(seeFig.1).3.2Fa

12、llothertermsrelatedtotextilesrefertoTerminologyD123.4.SummaryofTestMethod4.1Anoutlineofanisoscelestrapezoidismarkedonarectangularspecimen(seeFig.2).Thespecimenisslitatthecenterofthesmallestbaseofthetrapezoidtostartthetea

13、r.Thenonparallelsidesofthemarkedtrapezoidareclampedinparallelclampsofatensiletestingmachine.Theseparationoftheclampsisincreasedcontinuouslytoapplyafcetopropagatethetearacrossthespecimen.Atthesametimethefcedevelopedisrecd

14、ed.Thefcetocontinuetheteariscalculatedfromautographictrecdersmicroprocessdatacollectionsystems.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextilesisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD13.60onFabricTestMet

15、hodsSpecific.CurrenteditionapprovedJuly12015.PublishedSeptember2015.iginallyapprovedin1996.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asD5587–14.DOI:10.1520D558715.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCust

16、omerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMStardsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Thelastapprovedversionofthishisticalstardisreferencedonwww.astm.g.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBox

17、C700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates1piecesoffabrictobetheprimarysamplingunits.IntheabsenceofsuchanagreementtakethenumberoffabricrollsspecifiedinTable1.NOTE1—Anadequatespecificationotheragreementbetweenthepurchas

18、erthesupplierrequirestakingintoaccountthevariabilitybetweenrollspiecesoffabricbetweenspecimensfromaswatchfromarollpieceoffabrictoprovideasamplingplanwithameaningfulproducer’sriskconsumer’sriskacceptablequalitylevellimiti

19、ngqualitylevel.7.2LabatySample—Facceptancetestingtakeaswatchextendingthewidthofthefabricapproximately1m(1yd)alongthemachinedirectionfromeachrollpieceinthelotsample.Frollsoffabrictakeasamplethatwillexcludefabricfromtheout

20、erwrapoftherolltheinnerwraparoundtheceoftherolloffabric.7.2.1StretchFabrics—Ffabricswithstretchyarnslaboratysamplesshallbeallowedtorelaxlyingflatf24hintheconditionedatmosphereoutlinedinSection9.Oncerelaxedsamplesaretobem

21、arkedcutasdescribedabove.7.3TestSpecimens—Fromeachlabatysamplingunittakefivespecimensfromthemachinedirectionfivespecimensfromthecrossmachinedirectionfeachtestconditiondescribedin9.19.2asapplicabletoamaterialspecification

22、contractder.7.3.1DirectionofTest—Considerthelongdirectionasthedirectionoftest.7.3.2CuttingTestSpecimens—Takethespecimenstobeusedfthemeasurementofmachinedirectionwiththelongerdimensionparalleltothemachinedirection.Takethe

23、specimenstobeusedfthemeasurementofthecrossmachinedirectionwiththelongerdimensionparalleltothecrossmachinedirection.Whenspecimensaretobetestedwettakethespecimensfromareasadjacenttothedrytestspecimens.Labeltomaintainspecim

24、enidentity.7.3.2.1Incuttingthewovenfabricspecimenstakecaretoaligntheyarnsrunningintheshtdirectionparallelwiththediesuchthatwhentheslitiscutthesubsequenttearwilltakeplacebetweentheseyarnsnotacrossthem.Thisprecautionismost

25、imptantwhentestingbowedfabrics.7.3.2.2Cutspecimensrepresentingabroaddistributionacrossthewidthlengthpreferablyalongthediagonalofthelabatysamplenonearertheedgethanonetenthitswidth.Ensurespecimensarefreeoffoldscreaseswrink

26、les.Avoidgettingoilwatergreasesofthonthespecimenswhenhling.7.3.2.3Usethecuttingdietemplatedescribedin6.3showninFig.2.Markeachspecimenwithanisoscelestrapezoidtemplate(seeFig.2).Makeapreliminarycut15mm(0.625in.)longatthece

27、nterofthe25mm(1in.)edgeasshowninFig.2.NOTE2—Testswerecarriedoutin2007toevaluatewhetherthespecimensizeclampsseparationcouldbeincreasedtofacilitateeasierloadingofthespecimen.Itwasfoundthatthiscausedadifferenceinthefinalres

28、ultsdependingonthefabrictype.Therefeitisnotpossibletoincreasethespecimensize.8.PreparationofTestApparatusCalibration8.1Setthedistancebetweentheclampsatthestartofthetestat2561mm(160.05in.).FIG.2TemplatesfCuttingMarkingTra

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