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1、 Electronic power steering system What it is?Electrically powered steering uses an electric motor to drive either the power steering hydraulic pump or the steering linkage directly. The power steering

2、function is therefore independent of engine speed, resulting in significant energy savings.How it works?Conventional power steering systems use an engine accessory belt to drive the pump, providing pressurized fluid that

3、 operates a piston in the power steering gear or actuator to assist the driver.In electro-hydraulic steering, one electrically powered steering concept uses a high efficiency pump driven by an electric motor. Pump speed

4、is regulated by an electric controller to vary pump pressure and flow, providing steering efforts tailored for different driving situations. The pump can be run at low speed or shut off to provide energy savings during s

5、traight ahead driving (which is most of the time in most world markets).Direct electric steering uses an electric motor attached to the steering rack via a gear mechanism (no pump or fluid). A variety of motor types and

6、gear drives is possible. A microprocessor controls steering dynamics and driver effort. Inputs include vehicle speed and steering, wheel torque, angular position and turning rate. Working In Detail:A “steering sensor“ is

7、 located on the input shaft where it enters the gearbox housing. The steering sensor is actually two sensors in one: a “torque sensor“ that converts steering torque input and its direction into voltage signals, and a “ro

8、tation sensor“ that converts the rotation speed and direction into voltage signals. An “interface“ circuit that shares the same housing converts the signals from the torque sensor and rotation sensor into signals the con

9、trol electronics can process. Inputs from the steering sensor are digested by a microprocessor control unit that also Systems in Saginaw, Mich. “The issue was cost and that's behind us now. By 2002 here in the U.S. t

10、he cost of electric power steering will absolutely be a wash over hydraulic.“Today, electric and hybrid-powered vehicles (EV), including Toyota's Prius and GM's EV-1, are the perfect domain for electric steering.

11、 But by 2010, a TRW Inc. internal study estimates that one out of every three cars produced in the world will be equipped with some form of electrically-assisted steering. The Cleveland-based supplier claims its new stee

12、ring systems could improve fuel economy by up to 2 mpg, while enhancing handling. There are true bottom-line benefits as well for automakers by reducing overall costs and decreasing assembly time, since there's no ne

13、ed for pumps, hoses and fluids.Another claimed advantage is shortened development time. For instance, a Delphi group developed E-TUNE, a ride-and-handling software package that can be run off a laptop computer. “They can

14、 take that computer and plug it in, attach it to the controller and change all the handling parameters -- effort level, returnability, damping -- on the fly,“ Badawy says. “It used to take months.“ Delphi has one OEM cus

15、tomer that should start low-volume production in '99.Electric steering units are normally placed in one of three positions: column-drive, pinion-drive and rack-drive. Which system will become the norm is still unclea

16、r. Short term, OEMs will choose the steering system that is easiest to integrate into an existing platform. Obviously,greater potential comes from designing the system into an all-new platform. “We have all three designs

17、 under consideration,“ says Dr. Herman Strecker, group vice president of steering systems division at ZF in Schwaebisch Gmuend, Germany. “It's up to the market and OEMs which version finally will be used and manufact

18、ured.“ “The large manufacturers have all grabbed hold of what they consider a core technology,“ explains James Handy sides, TRW vice president, electrically assisted steering in Sterling Heights, Mich. His company offers

19、 a portfolio of electric steering systems (hybrid electric, rack-, pinion-, and column-drive). TRW originally concentrated on what it still believes is the purest engineering solution for electric steering--the rack-driv