[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]--港航碼頭設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯--長(zhǎng)灘港高樁碼頭的的抗震設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（原文）

1、 1 Seismic Design Criteria for Pile-Supported Wharves at the Port of Long Beach Cheng Lai1, S.E., M. ASCE, Omar A. Jaradat2, Ph.D., P.E., M. ASCE, Max Weismair3, S.E., and (Arul) K. Arulmoli4, Ph.D., G.E., F. ASCE 1S

2、enior Structural Engineer, Port of Long Beach, 925 Harbor Plaza, Long Beach, CA 90802, lai@polb.com, 2Senior Project Manager, Moffatt new details and practices for the design and construction of wharves were developed

3、 and followed by new codes and guidelines for port structures. This work, however, was driven by different authorities, often not closely coordinated: Code Writing Authorities, Owners (Ports), and Consultants. As a res

4、ult of the rapid development in this field, the resulting documents for the seismic design of wharves made their interpretation sometimes difficult. POLB recognized the need for uniform and port-specific guidelines and

5、 developed port specific Wharf Design Criteria. This paper specifically addresses the Seismic Design Criteria. They include Ground Motions and Performance Criteria, Geotechnical Considerations with particular attentio

6、n to soil-structure interaction, Structural Design and Analysis Methods, and Seismic Detailing. These subjects are specifically adjusted for site-specific conditions in POLB, such as seismicity, foundation soils, const

7、ruction practices and the requirements of the Port’s Engineering Bureau, which had an important function in the development of the criteria. All seismic design and analysis procedures are based on displacement-based p

8、rocedures. The development of the criteria was reviewed at various stages by experts in structural, geotechnical, and earthquake engineering disciplines. An experimental program verified the analytical assumptions. PO

9、LB’s recent wharf construction experience confirmed the practicality of the construction details. It is anticipated that these Criteria will provide more uniformity, focus on design, quality assurance, and minimize con

10、struction costs, while providing better coordination between POLB’s engineering staff and consultants. TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment ©2009 ASCE 909TCLEE 2009 Downloaded f

11、rom ascelibrary.org by Changsha University of Science and Technology on 01/14/15. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved.3 Mechanics, Inc. and P2S Engineering, Inc. The expert review team included Dr

12、. Nigel Priestley, Emeritus Professor, Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego and Dr. Geoffrey Martin, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California.

13、Wharf Design Criteria The POLB WDC document consists of six sections covering four different aspects of wharf design including: Geotechnical, Structural, Seismic and Electrical. This paper covers the WDC seismic desig

14、n aspects. The WDC utilizes displacement-based design methodology and uses state-of-the-art information available in the areas of geology, seismology, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, and seismic desi

15、gn. Three- level seismic hazard evaluation criteria are utilized that allow the assessment of seismic risks in a practical way. The development of seismic design criteria in the recent past was driven by different auth

16、orities, often not closely coordinated: Code Writing Authorities, Owners (Ports), and Consultants. As a result of the rapid development in this field, the resulting documents for the seismic design of wharves made thei

17、r interpretation sometimes difficult. The Long Beach Municipal Code requires a Building Permit from the Department of Development Services for the construction of wharf structures at the POLB. The Department of Develo

18、pment Services enforces the California Building Code (CBC) (Ref. 3) that uses force based design approach. The WDC will help to streamline the wharf construction permit process with the Department of Development Servic

19、es. The seismic design criteria apply to the design of a new wharf as a ductile frame system of vertical piles supporting a concrete deck. Three earthquake levels are considered: the Operational Level Earthquake (OLE),

20、 the Contingency Level Earthquake (CLE), and the Code-Level Design Earthquake (DE). These three earthquake levels correspond to different probabilities and return periods, and are related to different levels of perfor

21、mance criteria. The acceptable level of structural damage is controlled by concrete, steel and strand strain limits in the piles. The OLE has a probability of exceedance of 50% in 50 years. The wharves should remain o

22、perational. Minor damage, such as some cracking is permitted, but no spalling of the pile cover concrete at the OLE. For the CLE, which has a probability of exceedance of 10% in 50 years, the wharves may become tempora

23、rily non-operational, but the damage must be repairable within a reasonable amount of time. The DE corresponds to a larger and rare earthquake than the OLE and CLE. The DE seismic hazard criteria require that the wha

24、rves must not collapse and must not compromise life safety, as defined per ASCE Standard 7-05 (ASCE, 2006). Acceptable analytical methods for wharf seismic design include modal response spectrum analysis, single mode

25、transverse analysis, substitute structure analysis, and nonlinear time-history analysis. Expected material properties are defined for determining pile stiffness, and general analysis procedures are described. Geotechni

26、cal issues such as soil- structure interaction and liquefaction shall be considered in the design. The criteria also define two separate loading conditions to capture the effects of soil-structure interaction. TCLEE 20

27、09: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment ©2009 ASCE 911TCLEE 2009 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by Changsha University of Science and Technology on 01/14/15. Copyright ASCE. For personal us