[雙語翻譯]外文翻譯--中國在一帶一路倡議中的經(jīng)濟利益（英文）

1、 China's economic interests in the “One Belt, One Road” initiative Yakov Silin1, Larisa Kapustina2,*, Italo Trevisan3, and Andrei Drevalev4 1Doctor of Economics, Professor, Ural State University of Economics, Head o

2、f the University, Department of Regional, Urban Economy and Management, 62, 8 Marta St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation 2Doctor of Economics, Professor, Ural State University of Economics, Head of the Market

3、ing and International Management Department, of.465, 62, 8 Marta St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation 3Professor, University of Trento, Department of Economics and Management, via Inama 5, I - 38122 Trento,

4、Italy 4Ural State University of Economics, Senior lecturer of the Marketing and International Management Department, of.755, 62, 8 Marta St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation Abstract. The article examines the

5、“One Belt – One Road“ initiative of China aimed at the development of transport and logistics infrastructure on the trade route from China to Europe. The authors pay special attention to the history of the Silk Road,

6、which serves as an ideological basis for the modern initiative. The scale of the new project allows the authors to expect that its impact on the international trade will be comparable with the contribution of the hist

7、orical Silk Road to the development of the global economy as we know it. The authors analyze the prospects of the development and implementation of the initiative in terms of China's economic interests. The most s

8、ignificant threats associated with the initiative are identified. Key words: OBOR, Silk Road, modern initiative, economic interests 1 Introduction China has entered a new stage of its development. Nowadays, as in the e

9、ra of the Ancient Silk Road, China leads the world trade and has positive net balance of trade with Europe and the United States of America. Europe buys about 1 billion euros worth of goods from China annually, but Ch

10、ina imports only half of this volume from the European countries. China is now in active search of the ways to change its image, to strengthen its international standing and thus becoming a leader of the world economic

11、 relations development. The modern global distribution system has been created by other countries and is not controlled by Beijing, so China is interested in ensuring that its international political and cultural infl

12、uence is growing to reflect its economic strength, beginning with the region of Southeast and Central Asia [1]. * Corresponding author: lakapustina@bk.ru © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open ac

13、cess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).SHS Web of Conferences 39, 01025 (2017) DOI: 10.1051/shsconf/20173901025IES2017citi

14、es of the Tarim Basin. All in all, these efforts allowed establishing direct contacts between the Chinese and Western peoples in the Fergana Valley. Chinese silk enjoyed high demand among the noble Romans and was an ex

15、otic luxury good [7]. In exchange for silk and spices of the East, Rome exported metals, dishes, glassware, but more often the imports of Oriental goods were paid for by gold and silver. China and India had a positive

16、trade balance and received an average of 100 million sesterces per year from trade with the Roman Empire; for comparison, the total costs of having an army for the Roman Empire were about 150 million sesterces [8]. F

17、or several centuries, the trade had been flourishing between West and East, and the main route of the Silk Road had formed: from the Tarim Basin through cities of Khujand, Samarkand and Bukhara along the Amu Darya rive

18、r to the Aral Sea, around the Caspian Sea to the northern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains (northern path). The southern route went from the Fergana Valley to Egypt. Approximately 120 ships were sent annually from Egy

19、pt to India [9]. Although the sea route was shorter (average delivery time was 9 months) and cheaper, the land route remained competitive due to high profitability of caravans [10]. The volume of shipments by land sign

20、ificantly exceeded the volume of shipping. The factors that made the Silk Road a successful trade route in the analyzed period include the following ones: - broad and rich markets of goods in the East and West; - st

21、rong, well-organized imperial states; - political and economic stability of the states along the Silk Road, which ensured the safety of traders and the safety of caravans. The slowdown in land trade began as early as

22、at the end of the 2nd century AD, when the Han Empire lost control of the Tarim Basin. Only by the end of the 5th century the centralized Chinese state was again created, however, the trade was far less intensive comp

23、ared to the golden age. By then, the predominant role had shifted to the sea freight and at the end of the 5th century, the Silk Road land route virtually disappeared. However, it revived centuries later. All in all, t

24、here are three most successful stages in the evolution of the Silk Road [11]: 1. 206 BC - 220 BC. In the era of the Han dynasty, diplomatic relations were established with nomadic tribes in the eastern part of the Sil

25、k Road to exclude their raids on trade caravans. The modern Chinese city of Xi'an served as the starting point of the road. 2. 618 AD - 907 AD. The Chinese Tang Dynasty controlled the trading corridor of Hexi and

26、ensured the growth of trade in the space of Eurasia. 3. 1271 AD - 1368 AD. During the reign of the Mongol Yuan dynasty, Genghis Khan united China and built one big empire, which ensured the flourishing of the Silk Roa

27、d and trans-Eurasian land trade. Historically, the main geopolitical confrontation of the states in the space of Eurasia was set for control over caravan routes. Only a century and a half during the existence of the

28、Silk Road, it was controlled by China (from China to Bukhara) in the 13th-14th centuries. During this period, China accounted for 58% of world GDP [12]. In the years of 1389 - 1395 Timur erased all trading cities on th

29、e coasts of the Caspian and Black Seas from the face of the earth. The Silk Road land route was abandoned and there were almost no feasible incentives to restore it. The sea trip to China from the Persian Gulf took 150

30、 days, the overland route from the area of modern Azov up to 300 days [13]. Besides the transportation of a cargo of one ship required 1000 animals. As a result of not being competitive, in the 16th century the Silk R

31、oad finally ceased to exist. The Silk Road played a significant role in the formation of institutions and legal support for international trade. Mediation got widely spread. Merchants usually delivered the goods to th