[雙語翻譯]建筑施工外文翻譯--影響施工現(xiàn)場安全管理系統(tǒng)實施的因素

1、4000 英文單詞， 英文單詞，2.3 萬英文字符，中文 萬英文字符，中文 7000 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Ismail Z, Doostdar S, Harun Z. Factors influencing the implementation of a safety management system for construction sites[J]. Safety science, 2012, 50(3): 418-423.F

2、actors influencing the implementation of a safety management system for construction sitesZubaidah Ismail, Samad Doostdar, Zakaria HarunAbstract The objective of the study was to determine the influential safety factors

3、that governed the success of a safety management system for construction sites. The number of incidences among construction workers and the level of awareness on matters concerning safety were also determined. The study

4、involved a self- administered three-part questionnaire among the workers and interviews with industry experts involved in brick-laying, concreting and in related assorted trades. Part A of the questionnaire concerned per

5、sonal particulars, Part B involved training and experience and Part C was based on 28 industry-accepted safety factor elements. The construction sites ranged from high rise buildings, landed houses and infrastructure ren

6、ovation. The sample size was 275. From the survey it was found that the most influential safety factor was personal awareness followed closely by communication. Suggestions and recommendations on equipment design and imp

7、roved work practices and procedures to improve the efficiency and productivity of construction workers were proposed. Management was urged to get their workers better informed about safety matters.Keywords: Construction

8、site, Influencing safety factor, Safety awareness, Safety management system, Self-administered survey1. Introduction and scopeConstruction is a complex activity where various stake-holders are present working under const

9、ant challenge by demands of the job. Each job will have several of its safety and risk factors, requiring quality and safety management systems to be established as indicated by Mehta and Agnew (2010). Several risk facto

10、rs including organizational structure, communication, clear instructions, safety culture, codes and standards, training, leadership and responsibility have been suggested to have influence on the general safety at the wo

11、rkplace. The objective of this study is to determine the most influential factor contributing to the success of a safety management system as perceived by the workers. This may assist management in optimizing the utiliza

12、tion of available resources.A well-designed safety management system (SMS) can contribute to the successful implementation of a safety management system in the workplace. National SMS for construction sites have been des

13、igned and implemented in several countries based on the standard practices for that country. The actual numbers of factors used in the development of the SMS differ from one country to another depending on the special re

14、quirements of the domestic construction industry. There are several levels of classification of factors depending on the degree of detail desired. Table 1 gives the summary of first level safety levels adopted by various

15、 countries around the world (Tam and Fung, 1998; Kartam et al., 2000; Koskela, 2000; Wokutch and VanSandt, 2000; Fang et al., 2004; Ali et al., 2005; Teo and Ling, 2006; Aksorn and Hadikusumo, 2008). At the first level o

16、f factors most countries on average choose eight factors while Singapore uses four and Malaysia uses 12. The second level or the sub-factors are elements of the first level factors and again depending on the degree of de

17、tail, there could be 20 or 30 of these elements. More or less – Contractors satisfaction (safety motivation)– Codes and standards (safety code & standards)– Training (safety training)– Staff responsibility (safety

18、 responsibility)– Construction cost optimization (safety process factors)– Safety controlling– Management commitment (management support)Netherland– Safety standards (safety code & standards)– Safety responsibilit

19、y (safety responsibility)– Training expert extra safety staffs (safety training)– Safety organization (safety organization)– Thematic approach (safety clear instruction)– Safety analysis (management support)Singapore–

20、 Incentive and punishment and recognition (Safety motivation)– SMS and Insurance policy and statutory requirement (Safety policy or Safety culture)– Safety framework and Mgnt difficulty and sub contractors (process fact

21、ors)– Safety attitude and Mgnt commitment and contextual characteristics of Worker (Personal Factors)Spain– Safety policy (safety culture)– Incentive for participation (safety motivation)– Training (safety training)– C

22、ommunication (Personal Factors)– Prevention planning (management support)– Emergency planning (safety organization)– Internal controlling (safety controlling)– Benchmarking (safety code and standards)Thailand– Person

23、al attitude, positive group, communication, personal competency (Personal Factors)– Personal motivation, (safety motivation)– Teamwork, (safety training)– Equipment mgnt, employee participation, Enforcement scheme (proce

24、ss factors)– Program evaluation (safety organization)– Sufficient resources, clear goals, (safety clear instruction)– Management commitment, supervision (management support)– Authority and responsibility, (safety respons

25、ibility)USA– Safety meeting (management support)– Safety inspection (safety motivation)– Safety regulation enforcement (safety responsibility)– Safety training (safety training)– Safety communication (Personal Facto