[雙語翻譯]領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格外文翻譯--領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格對員工對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者態(tài)度和績效的影響（英文）

1、H O S T E D B Y Available online at www.sciencedirect.comFuture Business Journal 2 (2016) 54–64Full Length ArticleImpact of leadership styles on employees’ attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical eviden

2、ce from Pakistani banksMuhammad Asrar-ul-Haqa,n, K. Peter KuchinkebaCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan bUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USAReceived 11 January 2016; received in revised form

3、 14 April 2016; accepted 23 May 2016 Available online 13 June 2016AbstractThis paper reports the findings of a study examining the impact of managers’ leadership styles on subordinates’ performance. The impact of leaders

4、hip styles on employee performance outcomes is explored theoretically and tested empirically in the Pakistani banking sector. The sample of the study consisted of 224 full-time employees in the banking sector of Pakistan

5、. Findings of this study reveal that there exists a significant relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance outcomes. However, laissez-faire leadership style showed negative relationship wit

6、h employee performance outcomes in terms of effectiveness, and employee satisfaction. Banking industry in Pakistan is prone to numerous challenges including employee turnover. Model presented in the study will be helpful

7、 for the human resource managers and top management to design effective leadership development programs. HRD department can be established and HRD professionals can be hired to assist the managers in organizing training

8、and development programs. Further, it may help to design strategies to satisfy, retain and motivate the employees. Also, it will help the managers decide, which leadership style they should choose in terms of outcomes.Tr

9、ansactional leadership; Performance; Pakistan; Banking1. IntroductionUncertainty in global market has made organizations more aware and prone to adopt change on a continuous basis. The complexity of the business operatio

10、ns requires that there must be an effective participation from every level of the organization. In addition to land, labor, and capital, human resource is also an important asset of organization. It plays a key role in t

11、he smooth running of the organization and achieving its goals. In this ever-changing and competitive global market, human resource can become the competitive advantage of the organization, if managed effectively. This is

12、 evident from literature that leaders have significant influence on subordinates. The significance of leadership style increases in the services sector, as it has direct impact on economic development. Therefore, the dev

13、elopment and growth in services sector ensures the overall growth of national economy, especially in a developing country. The banking sector of Pakistan is growing gradually that has given rise to intense competitionwww

14、.elsevier.com/locate/fbjhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2016.05.002 2314-7210/ Doucet, Fredette, Simard, inspirational motivation; intellectual stimulation; and individualized consideration. Idealized influence is also

15、known as charismatic leadership. Leaders possessing idealized influence, act as a role model to their followers. They strictly follow strong ethical and moral values. Idealized influence is of two types: attributed and b

16、ehavioral. In attributed idealized influence, characteristics of leaders are considered important. On the other hand, actions of the leader are taken into consideration in behavioral influence. In inspirational motivatio

17、n, leaders have an optimistic view and set high standards for followers. They are enthusiastic, and encourage their followers to accomplish higher goals. Intellectual stimulation ensures that employees are aware of their

18、 problems and capable enough to think about their problems in a more creative manner. Intellectual stimulation enables employees to understand, conceptualize, and comprehend their problems. In addition, it makes employee

19、s capable of analyzing and solving their problems in unusual ways (Bass and management by exception (active and passive). Contingent reward means that leader uses rewards and promotions in order to get the desired resul