化學(xué)工程與工藝外文翻譯--含微米和亞微米sic顆粒的復(fù)合鍍鎳層的電沉積和滑動耐磨性（英文）

1、Surface and Coatings Technology 148 (2001) 171–1780257-8972/01/$ - see front matter ? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V . All rights reserved. PII: S0257-8972?01.01336-6Electrodeposition and sliding wear resistance of nickel com

2、posite coatings containing micron and submicron SiC particlesI. Garcia *, J. Fransaer , J.-P. Celis a,b, a aKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department MTM, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium aNational Center

3、 for Metallurgical Research CENIM-CSIC, Department of Corrosion and Protection, Av. Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040 Madrid, bSpainReceived 1 March 2001; accepted 21 June 2001AbstractSiC particles of three different sizes, name

4、ly 5, 0.7 and 0.3 mm, were codeposited with nickel from Watts’ solutions. It was found that for a given number density of particles in the plating solution, the number density of particles in the coating increases with d

5、ecreasing particle size. The friction and wear behavior of these composite coatings was evaluated in uni- and bi-directional sliding tests against corundum balls. The best sliding wear resistance was obtained with Ni–SiC

6、 composite coatings containing 4–5 vol.% submicron SiC particles. ? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V . All rights reserved.Keywords: Electrodeposition; Composites; Wear; Nickel; SiC1. IntroductionElectrodeposited composite coat

7、ings consist of a metal or alloy matrix containing a dispersion of second phase particles w1–3x. These particles can be hard oxide or carbide particles, such as Al O , SiC, TiO , WC, SiO 2 3 2 2 or diamond, a solid lubri

8、cant, such as PTFE, graphite or MoS , or even liquid-containing microcapsules w4x to 2 improve wear resistance andyor to reduce friction. Electroplated composite coatings containing micron- sized particles are used as we

9、ar-resistant coatings w5–7x, e.g. nickel–SiC in car engines w1,8–10x. With the increasing availability of nanoparticles, there is a grow- ing interest in the electrolytic and electroless codeposi- tion of nanoparticles w

10、11x. The major challenges of the codeposition of nanoparticles seem to be the codeposi- tion of a sufficient number of particles, and avoiding the agglomeration of particles suspended in the plating solutions.* Correspon

11、ding author. Tel.: q34-1-553-8900; fax: q34-1-534- 7425. E-mail address: igarcia@cenim.csic.es (I. Garcia).In this work, the electrolytic codeposition of micron and submicron SiC particles from nickel Watts’ solu- tions,

12、 and the sliding wear resistance of such nickel composite coatings are investigated. The effect of par- ticle size and number of particles suspended in the plating solution on the number of codeposited particles is repor

13、ted. The codeposition results and a model based on the number density of particles codeposited are discussed. The effect of particle size on the codeposition process of micron- and submicron-sized non-Brownian particles

14、is clarified. The effect of codeposited submi- cron particles on the wear resistance of composite Ni– SiC coatings is discussed.2. ExperimentalThe plating solution used was a standard nickel Watts’ solution. The composit

15、ion of the plating solution and the plating parameters are given in Table 1. SiC particles with a mean diameter of 0.3 (BSC-21C, Performance Ceramics, Japan), 0.7 (BS 0.7, Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten, Germany) and 5 mm (E

16、110 ?4000, Norton, Norway) were used. All particles were used as received.173 I. Garcia et al. / Surface and Coatings Technology 148 (2001) 171– 178Fig. 2. Volumetric wear factor under uni-directional sliding on com- pos

17、ite Ni–SiC coatings containing different vol.% SiC particles of three different sizes. Data for pure electrolytic nickel are also given (ED nickel reference).Fig. 3. Volumetric wear factor under bi-directional sliding on

18、 com- posite Ni–SiC coatings containing different vol.% SiC particles of three different sizes. Data for pure electrolytic nickel are also given (ED nickel reference).position is obtained with 0.7-mm particles. Quite une

19、x- pectedly w13x, the 0.3-mm SiC particles codeposit more than the 0.7-mm particles. A possible reason could be the difference in the surface condition of these SiC particles obtained from different producers. Another re

20、ason could be the agglomeration of the 0.3-mm parti- cles in the plating solution. The wear tracks on the composite Ni–SiC coatings after uni- and bi-directional sliding tests have a black appearance, and show scratches

21、parallel to the direction of motion. Such scratches are typical for abrasive wear. For all Ni–SiC composite coatings tested, the coefficient of friction is approximately 0.5 during the first few sliding cycles. After the

22、 running-in phase, the coefficient of friction of nickel coatings containing 0.7- or 0.3-mm SiC particles is approximately 0.29. That coefficient of friction is lower than the value of 0.34 observed on nickel coatings co

23、ntaining 5-mm SiC particles at a comparable volume percent of codeposited particles. On the other hand, for each SiC particle size investigated, the coefficient of friction increases with increasing volume percent of SiC

24、 particles in the coatings, from approximately 0.34 to 0.47 in the case of 5-mm SiC particles, and from 0.28 to 0.30 in the case of 0.7-mm particles.The wear loss on Ni–SiC composite coatings contain- ing SiC particles o

25、f different sizes, after sliding against corundum balls in uni- and bi-directional wear tests, is shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively. The volumetric wear loss on pure nickel coatings and composite Ni– SiC coatings in u

26、ni-directional sliding wear tests is approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that noted in bi-directional sliding tests. This is consistent with sliding wear data obtained on hard ceramic coat- ings, such as TiN

27、, showing a much lower wear rate under uni- than under bi-directional sliding test condi- tions w14x. However, under uni-directional sliding, com- posite nickel coatings containing 5-mm SiC particles exhibit a lower wear

28、 resistance with increasing amounts of SiC than pure nickel coatings (referred to as ED nickel reference in Fig. 2). On the contrary, composite nickel coatings containing 0.3- or 0.7-mm SiC particles wear less in uni-dir

29、ectional sliding wear tests than pure nickel, and the best results are obtained with approxi- mately 4 vol.% of 0.7-mm SiC particles. Under bi- directional sliding, the volumetric wear loss on all the composite Ni–SiC co