動(dòng)詞ing定語表語賓語補(bǔ)主語

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載必修四 Unit 3 語法 動(dòng)詞 ing ---作表語.定語.賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞 ing 形式是動(dòng)詞的一種謂語形式，有動(dòng)詞原形加 ing 構(gòu)成，包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞?？梢栽诰渥又杏米髦髡Z，表語，賓語，賓語補(bǔ)足語，狀語和定語。一. 用作表語。1. 表示主語的內(nèi)容 ,可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首作主語。多表示一般性或抽象行為。Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as p

2、ossible.Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job。 她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。2. 表示主語具有的特征、性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)(動(dòng)詞 ing 相當(dāng)一個(gè)形容詞）The problem is quite puzzling. 這個(gè)問題很令困惑。3.常用來作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞有 astonishing, amusing, confusing, disa

3、ppointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising 等。The news is quite astonishing. 這個(gè)消息令人吃驚。全析提示：動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作表語時(shí)，其邏輯主語往往是句子中的主語，但用作表語的-ing 形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語。What wo

4、rries me most is her staying too late every night. 是我最擔(dān)心的是，她每天都工作很晚。(staying too late every night 的邏輯主語是 her)動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作表語與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示主語正在做什么，而動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作表語只是說明主語的特性或情況。Mike is listening to music.邁克正在聽音樂。 （當(dāng)前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）Mi

5、ke’s favorite hobby is listening to music. 邁克最大的愛好的聽音樂（說明主語的情況）二. 作定語1 單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing 形式可以作前置定語，一般具有兩種含義。① 說明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。如：a swimming pool, drinking watera reading room = a room which is used for reading 閱覽室running shoes =s

6、hoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法② 表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個(gè)定語從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing 形式一般放在它所修飾的名詞前. 相當(dāng)于形容詞，可有比較級(jí)形式，亦可被 very, quite，so 等副詞修飾，這時(shí)主語與表

7、語的位置不可互換 The music they are playing sounds exciting. 他們演奏的音樂是如此令人興奮 The film we saw last night is quite moving. 我們昨晚看的電影十分感人。a frightening story 恐怖故事 falling leaves 落葉a smiling face 笑臉

8、 a leading part 主角developing countries = countries that are developing 發(fā)展中國家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起來很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that p

9、uzzles somebody 困擾人的問題注意：動(dòng)詞-ing 形式與不定式作定語的區(qū)別：（詳見第二單元）①動(dòng)詞-ing 作定語，多表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。②不定式作定語，多表示將來發(fā)生的具體動(dòng)作。 （不定式作定語，一定要后置）I preferred staying in the house when it rained. I prefer to stay at home this afterno

10、on.2. 作定語的動(dòng)詞-ing 形式如是一個(gè)短語，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,做后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如果是動(dòng)詞-ing 短語，則放在它所修飾的名詞的后面。表示存在的狀態(tài)或者一般的情況，或強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生并進(jìn)行，但是 v.-ing 的完成式一般作狀語而不做定語。如：The girl wearing a red rose on her head is my younger sister.a boy swimming

11、in the river 一個(gè)河里游泳的男孩They lived in a house facing south. 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。= They lived in a house which is facing south。Do you know the boy playing basket? 你認(rèn)識(shí)

12、在打籃球的那個(gè)小男孩嗎？學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載4. ---Tom said something strange at the conference. --- His remarks left me _________ about his real purpose.A. wonder B. wondering C. wondered D.

13、 wonders5. ---My best friend’s in a bad mood. --- How about ______________ her some flowers?A. giving B. given C. to give D. give6. ______________ by others when you do no

14、thing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.A. Having been misunderstood B. Being misunderstoodC. Having misunderstood D. Misunderstood7. With two children __________

15、____ middle school in the nearby town now, the parent are working hard.A. to attend B. attending C. attended D. having attended8. I remember my father __ me to the seaside when I w

16、as a small child. We forgot __ a towel and I felt very cold.A. taking, to take B. to take, taking C. take, taking D. take, taken9. Listen! Do you hear someone ______________________ for he

17、lp? A. calling B. call C. to callD. called10 They use computers to keep the traffic _________________ smoothly.A. being run B. run C. to runD. running11. I smell something _____________

18、___ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?A. burningB. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt12. — Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.— Sorry, with so much work _______________

19、my mind, I almost break down.A. filledB. filling C. to fillD. being filled13. After the earthquake, the house made of wood remained __________________ where it is.A. to standB. stood C. stands D. standing14. T

20、he wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________________ the desert.A. coveringB. covered C. coverD. to cover15. There are hundreds of visitors ____________ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Vi

21、ncent vanGogh’s paintings.A. waitedB. to wait C. waitingD. wait16. The government plans to bring in laws ___ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forcedB. forcing

22、 C. to be forced D. having forced17. Russ and Earl were auto mechanics _____ the same pay, but Earl had more ambition.A. to earn B. to have earned C. earning D. earned 18. Reading is an exper

23、ience quite different from watching TV. There are pictures ______ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed19. Don’t leave the water ____

24、 while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run20. The old man, ____ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working

25、C. to have worked D. having worked21. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.A. said B. says C. saying D. to say22. Listen! Do you hear so

26、meone ____ for help?A. calling B. call C. to call D. called23. --- Why do you look sad? --- There are so many problems ____.A. remaining to settle B. remained setting C. remaining to be

27、settled D. remained to be settled24. “We must keep a secret of the things ___ here,” the general said, ____ at the man in charge of the information office.A. discussed; stared seriously B. being disc

28、ussed; seriously staring C. to be discussed; seriously stared D. discussed; to stare seriously25. The news was ___, and there was a ___ look on her face.A. shocking; frightening B. shocked; frightened C

29、. shocking; frightened D. shocked; frightening26. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt27. The l

30、ady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _____.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 remained D. remaining 20 dollars28. --- What is Mr Black? --- His job is ____ pancakes