生物質(zhì) 能源 外文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn) 英文文獻(xiàn) 中國(guó)的生物質(zhì)能源

1、China’s Biomass Energy China leads the world in its energy reservation and is the second largest energy producer and consumer in the world. It is estimated that China has 4000 billion tons of potential primary energy res

2、ervation. However, per capita energy resource quantity and consuming quantity is far smaller than the world average level. The main characteristics of China’s energy exploration and utilization are as follows.1. Coal is

3、the primary energy; exploration and utilization of renewable resources is supplementary. China’s explored reserves of coal resource accounts for over 90% of the primary energy total, such as coal, oil, natural gas, water

4、 energy and nuclear energy. Coal is dominant id China’s energy production and consumption.on.2. Energy consumption volume is increasing while energy utilization efficiency is comparatively low. As the economic scale expa

5、nds, China’s energy consumption is on the constant increase. Under the influences of capital, technology, energy price, etc, China’s energy utilization efficiency is far lower than that of the developed countries. Energy

6、 comprehensive utilization efficiency is 32% and the overall energy systematic efficiency 9.3%. These numbers are only half of the developed country level.3. With the sustained increase of energy consumption, the coal-do

7、minant energy structure has caused urban air pollution while with the excessive consumption of bio-mass energy giving rise to ecological destruction, the pressure on ecological environment is more and more severe. Accord

8、ing to the World Bank, the economic loss caused by air and water pollution in China, approximately accounts for 3%--8% of GNP.4. The energy structure is getting more and more pluralized. By the middle of the 1990’s, ener

9、gy self-sufficiency rate was 98%, while at present China is the second largest crude oil importer only after USA.The rapid development of China’s economy is based on the sufficient supply of energy, however, the higher-t

10、han-normal oil price on the international market together energy, solar energy and terrestrial energy in China.Wind PowerThere are abundant wind power within our huge territory and along our long coastline. According to

11、the survey of China meteorological Academy, based on the results of 900 weather stations, there is 253 million kw of wind power reserve 10 m below our earth. There is a great potential of wind power in the coastal area o

12、f eastern China 2---15 meters below sea level. Therefor ,we have a promising future in wind power generation there.Compiled by China Energy Comprehensive Use Association and European Wind Power Society, in a Report named

13、 Wind Force 12 in China, it is expected that China will have 40 million kw of wind power capacity in 2020, if is could develop fully. Then, the wind power will go beyond nuclear power and become the third largest power s

14、ource in China. If that is true, China’s annual wind power generation would go up to 80 billion kwh, it could be enough for 80 million people. Meantime, it would reduce 48 million tons of CO2 emission. The report also sa

15、ys that China will need over 25 thousand of large wind generators by the year 2020, wind power sale will increase to more than 300 billion yuan, that will create at least 150 thousand of job opportunities. It indicates t

16、hat in the past 5 years, the cost of wind power will reduce by 20%, its technology cost is one of the lowest which can be decreased among the renewable energies.Biomass energyAccording to the Outline for Mid-- long Term

17、Development of Renewable Energy in China, the goal of renewable energy development in the next 15 years is; by 2020, the renewable energy will occupy 16% in the energy structure of China. Among them, the production of et

18、hanol is going up to 10 million tons; bio-diesel fuel 2 million tons; and the major part of the biomass energy development target are bio-energy power generation, Firedamp projects biomass liquid fuel and Biomass solid f